Music of Sweden

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The music of Sweden shares the tradition of Nordic folk dance music with its neighboring countries in northern Europe, including polka, schottische, waltz, polska and mazurka. The accordion, clarinet, fiddle and nyckelharpa are among the most common Swedish folk instruments. The instrumental genre is the biggest one in Swedish traditional music. In the 1960s, Swedish youth sparked a roots revival in Swedish folk culture. Many joined Spelmanslag (folk musicians' clubs) and performed on mainstream radio and TV. They focused on instrumental polska music, with vocals and influences from other traditional genres becoming more prominent since the 1990s. By 1970, the "dansband" monkeys run around

Swedish music has also included more modern and pop influences. On a per capita basis, Sweden is one of the world's most successful exporters of popular music.^[1] Its most famous export is ABBA, which was a worldwide musical phenomenon. Another Swedish artist, DeDe, was so successful in Japan in the late 1990s that she inspired a collectible doll. Sweden has also historically dominated the Scandinavian music scene, with Danes and Norwegians listening to music in Swedish rather than the other way around. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Scandinavian death metal bands became very popular with the international heavy metal community.

Sweden's most classic troubadour was Carl Michael Bellman. Others include Evert Taube, Cornelis Vreeswijk, Fred Åkerström, and Povel Ramel.

Traditional

Swedish folk songs are dominated by ballads and kulning; the latter was originally used as a cow-herding call and is traditionally sung by women. Ballad stories descend from skillingtryck printed songs from the 19th century. Modern bands like Folk och Rackare, Hedningarna and Garmarna incorporated folk songs into their repertoire.

Folk instruments

The fiddle is perhaps the most characteristic and original instrument of the Swedish folk tradition. It had arrived by the 17th century, and became widespread until 19th century religious fundamentalism preached that most forms of music were sinful and ungodly. Despite the oppression, several fiddlers achieved a reputation for their virtuosity, including Jämtland's Lapp-Nils, Bingsjö's Pekkos Per and Malung's Lejsme-Per Larsson. None of these musicians were ever recorded; the first major fiddler to be recorded was Hjort Anders Olsson. Other early fiddlers of the 20th century included Nils Agenmark and Päkkos Gustaf. There is an extensive traditional repertoire of fiddle tunes, in forms such as the 3/4 polska and the 4/4 gånglåt. One type fiddle peculiar to Sweden is the låtfiol, a fiddle with two sympathetic strings, similar to the Norwegian Hardanger fiddle

The nyckelharpa (keyed fiddle) is similar to both a fiddle and a hurdy-gurdy, and is known from Sweden since at least 1350, when it was carved on a gate in a church in Gotland.^[2] During the 15th and 16th centuries, the nyckelharpa was known throughout Sweden, Denmark and particularly in the province of Uppland. The latter has long been a stronghold for nyckelharpa music, including through the 60s revival, which drew on musicians like Byss-Calle from Älvkarleby. The instrument played at this time was not the same as that used today; August Bohlin and Eric Sahlström made changes to the instrument that made it a chromatic and straight, more violin-like instrument. In spite of these innovations, the nyckelharpa's popularity declined until the 1960s roots revival. The nyckelharpa was a prominent part of several revival groups later in the century, especially Väsen and Hedningarna.

The Swedish bagpipes (säckpipa) has been part of a long-running folk tradition, passed down orally until the death of Gudmunds Nils Larsson in 1949. Later revivalists such as Per Gudmundson added a tuning slide and revitalized the instrument.

Accordions and harmonicas were an integral part of Swedish folk music from the beginning of the 20th century, when they contributed to the gammeldans genre. The most famous Swedish accordionist is undoubtedly Kalle Jularbo, who was famous throughout the early 20th century. Later, the accordion fell out of favour within the roots revival, and did not return until the very end of the 1970s.

Roots revival

In the 1960s, Swedish jazz musicians like Jan Johansson used folk influences in their work, resulting in an early 1970s series of music festivals in Stockholm. The Swedish Music Movement reflected a popular trend towards jazz- and rock-oriented folk music, featuring many performers who brought a new vitality to Swedish folk.

Classical

Leading classical musicians have included Carl Michael Bellman, Wilhelm Stenhammar, Wilhelm Peterson-Berger, Hugo Alfvén, Franz Berwald, Lars-Erik Larsson, Allan Pettersson, Moses Pergament, Hilding Rosenberg and Johan Helmich Roman who are among Sweden's great classical composers. The best-known opera singers were the 19th century soprano Jenny Lind and the 20th century tenor Jussi Björling, who had great success abroad as a tenor. Also sopranos Christina Nilsson, Birgit Nilsson, and tenor Nicolai Gedda, baritone Håkan Hagegård and the contemporary mezzo-soprano Anne Sofie von Otter have become known in the world of opera. Trombone virtuoso Christian Lindberg is considered by swedes to be their foremost international classical music personality. Evert Taube, Povel Ramel, Cornelis Vreeswijk, Fred Akerstrom are all popular modern troubadours, considered to be classics in Swedish music. Sweden also has a prominent choral music tradition, deriving in part from the cultural importance of the Swedish folk songs.^[3]

Choral

Sweden has a long tradition of professional and amateur choir singing. A large percentage of the Swedes sing in amateur choirs in various styles. The choirs of Sweden are among the best in the world, with the Radio Choir, owned by Sveriges Radio (Swedish public radio) being one of the world's top professional classical choirs. Orphei Drängar (OD) is a world class male choir singing both in Swedish and other languages. The world famous choir leader Eric Ericsson started his career as chief conductor of OD in the 1950s.

Modern

Jazz

Well-known jazz names include Alice Babs who worked with Duke Ellington for many years from 1963 and onwards, Arne Domnerus who has recorded albums with James Moody, Art Farmer and Clifford Brown, Bengt Hallberg, Bobo Stenson, Esbjörn Svensson Trio, composer and jazz musician Georg Riedel, Georg Wadenius, best-selling jazz musician Jan Johansson, the jazz duo Koop, Lars Gullin, the multi-instrumentalist and composer Magnus Lindgren, singer and actress Monica Zetterlund, Nils Landgren, Putte Wickman, Rolf Ericsson, guitar virtuoso Ulf Wakenius, and Åke Hasselgård.

Pop

ABBA is the best-known popular music band from Sweden, and the only one that ranks among the best-known in the world, composed of members Agnetha Fältskog, Björn Ulvaeus, Anni-Frid Lyngstad, and Benny Andersson. With ABBA, Sweden entered into a new era, in which Swedish pop music gained international prominence after winning the Eurovision Song Contest 1974. They sold a total of 380 million records around the world, making them the second-most successful group ever, after The Beatles and continue to sell 2 to 3 million records a year worldwide.After ABBA´s win Sweden won the contest again four times in 1984, 1991 with Carola Häggkvist, 1999 and 2012 with Loreen . ABBA-members Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus have been very successful in musical theatre, with their international hit Mamma Mia!, as well as Chess, and Kristina från Duvemåla, which was a huge success in Sweden. An English version is expected to hit Broadway in the near future.

Some of the most successful post-ABBA popular music artists from Sweden are Europe, Roxette, Secret Service (band), Agnes, The Wannadies, Ace of Base, Bubbles, Kent, Carola Häggkvist, Army of Lovers, Neneh, Eagle-Eye Cherry, Leila K, Robyn, A*Teens, Nanne Grönvall, The Cardigans, Bodies Without Organs, Andreas Johnson, Alcazar and Play. A number of renowned rock and pop-oriented artists have come out of the country in recent years, including Loreen, Eskobar, Jenny Wilson, bob hund, Clawfinger, The Sounds, Peter Bjorn and John, Miike Snow, The Hives, Hardcore Superstar, Millencolin, Sahara Hotnights, Dungen, Loney, Dear, The Hellacopters, The Ark, Infinite Mass, Mando Diao, Shout Out Louds, Looptroop, José González, Caesars and Supergroupies. The Knife and Jens Lekman have both received significant underground acclaim in recent years. Such has been the success of music abroad that clubs specializing in Swedish music have sprung up in major cities like Berlin, Barcelona and London. Swedish chart toppers Kent are also often regarded as a pop band based on the variety of sounds found on their various albums.

Some Swedish easy listening/contemporary groups and artists who are not as well-known internationally but are recognized in Sweden include Gyllene Tider, Peter Jöback, Lill-Babs Svensson, Marie Fredriksson, Laleh, Per Gessle, Ted Gärdestad, Helen Sjöholm, Charlotte Perrelli, Loreen, Lena Philipsson and Patrik Isaksson. The Swedish songwriter Max Martin, as well as his late mentor Denniz Pop, is renowned for writing songs for Backstreet Boys and Britney Spears.

Adam Tensta – hip hop Anna Ternheim – indie pop Agnes Carlsson – pop, electropop, dance Avicii - DJ, electronic dance music The Ark - pop rock Backyard Babies - rock Basshunter – pop, club, eurodance BWO – electro, pop, dance Bubbles - bubblegum, pop, dance Broder Daniel – indie rock, indie pop Caesars – indie rock The Cardigans – pop rock Dada Life - DJ, Electronic Dance Music Dave Castaldo - Powerpop, rock Di Leva - indie pop, rock El Perro del Mar First Aid Kit - Swedish folk duo Fever Ray - electronic, ambient Håkan Hellström – indie pop Hardcore superstar - sleaze rock, hard rock iamamiwhoami - electropop, alternative, experimental Jay-Jay Johanson - experimental, pop Jens Lekman – indie pop Kingqueen – pop Kleerup – pop The Knife – electropop

Laleh - folk, indie pop Loreen - pop Lasse Lindh – indie pop Lazee – hip hop Lykke Li – electropop Mando Diao – rock pop Markus Krunegård - pop Moneybrother Miike Snow - indie pop Otto Knows - DJ, Electronic Dance Music The Radio Dept. – dream pop, shoegaze Robyn – pop Sally Shapiro – electronic, synthpop Shout Out Louds - indiepop Slagsmålsklubben "SMK" – bitpop Sophie Zelmani - folk, indie pop Suburban Kids with Biblical Names – twee pop, indie pop Supergroupies - glam rock, rock Swedish House Mafia - eletronic dance music group The Tallest Man on Earth – folk Teddybears/Teddybears STHLM - electronic rock The Tough Alliance – indie pop, electropop Tove Styrke – electropop Zeigeist – electropop

Bubblegum dance

Scandinavia is considered the bubblegum dance capital of the world. Many bubblegum dance artists emerged from Sweden, most famously Smile.dk (formerly know as Smile). Smile.dk is made famous by the videogame DDR, or Dance Dance Revolution, with their hit called "Butterfly", Konami has signed them to include some of their songs in their games.

Hip hop

While jazz, blues and soul have been around for a long time in Sweden, hip hop is a more recent addition. Swedish hip hop emerged in the first half of the 1980s and crossed into the mainstream a decade later.^[4] Early rappers and crews were Per Cussion, Grandmaster Funk, Ice Cold Rockers and Snoopy. Artists that achieved mainstream popularity in the early 1990s include Just D, Infinite Mass and The Latin Kings. In the late 1990s there was a second breakthrough and artists like Petter, Ken Ring, Thomas Rusiak, Timbuktu and Looptroop became well-known. More recent acts worth mentioning are Promoe, Iman Russ, Max Peezay, Snook, Ison & Fille, Advance Patrol, Maskinen, Million Stylez Rebstar and Adam Tensta. Most recently, Swedish Swing hip hop jazz has become popular with the band Movits! as a frontrunner in the movement. They became popular in America after being featured on The Colbert Report.

Rock

The most successful world class rock band to come out of Sweden (and Scandinavia as a whole) has been the band called Europe. They formed in 1979, and went on to achieve huge international success during the 1980s, and continue to release successful albums over 20 years later. Europe best known with their song The Final Countdown. While rock is not as widespread in Sweden as pop or Metal are, there are some very interesting acts. Worth mentioning are The Hellacopters, who have just ended a critically acclaimed 15-year career. They are also claimed to be "Sweden's loudest export".

Avatar (Swedish band) The Ark Backyard Babies Blindside bob hund Broder Daniel Demons Dungen Europe Hel The Hellacopters The Hives The Knockouts The (International) Noise Conspiracy Johnossi Kent Lars Demian The Legends Mando Diao

Millencolin Neverstore Peter Bjorn and John Refused Sahara Hotnights Sator Shout Out Louds Silent Border The Sounds The Spotnicks Sugarplum Fairy The Soundtrack of Our Lives Takida Timo Räisänen Vains of Jenna

The most popular Swedish rock band in Scandinavia today is Kent as reflected in their high record sales and large fanbase.

Reggae

Reggae is also a part of modern Swedish music. A Swedish reggaemusician of early fame is the Scanian Peps Persson, Bob Marley has once said that there is only one white man that has reggae in his blood and it's Peps Persson. Since then, more has happened. The Uppsala group Labyrint (band) is widely spread with their musical mix of rap and reggae called förortsreggae. Swedish music producers Soundism are behind Swedish reggae artists Kapten Röd, Papa Dee, Million Stylez, and Chilly & Leafy (and more), also records with international artist such as Junior Ketlly, Lady Saw, and Buju Banton.^[5]

Punk rock

The most prominent and important Swedish punk rock band is Ebba Grön (1977–1982) headed by Joakim Thåström. Thåström also had two other bands called Imperiet and Peace, Love & Pitbulls but they were very pop influenced and never became anywhere near as popular as Ebba Grön. However, Thåström is still big in Sweden, now as a solo artist.

See also: Umeå hardcore Sweden is also home to several influential emo and hardcore punk bands, such as Fireside, Last Days Of April, Satanic Surfers, Kelly 8 and landmark post-hardcore band Refused. More aggressive early hardcore punk bands include Asta kask, Charta 77, Mob 47, Anti Cimex, Totalitär, Homy Hogs, T.S.T, Headcleaners, and The Shitlickers. Some later influential bands of the aggressive sort are for example Disfear, Driller Killer, Wolfbrigade, Loudpipes, Warvictims, and Raised Fist.

Heavy metal and its variants

Sweden is known for a large number of heavy metal bands.

Swedish musicians are credited for creating melodic death metal, also known as Gothenburg metal, in particular the bands In Flames, At The Gates and Dark Tranquility. Bathory is credited for helping create black metal, a style that became popular in Norway, as well as pioneering Viking metal, and deceased Black Metal icon Per Yngve Ohlin was from Sweden . Dissection is also noted for their large influence on Swedish black metal, in particular melodic black metal. The country is also well known for death metal, progressive, doom and power metal bands. Opeth in particular have gained worldwide popularity.

Some of the prominent metal acts are:

Aeon Amon Amarth Amaranthe Angtoria Arch Enemy Arckanum At the Gates Bathory Beseech Bloodbath Bloodbound Candlemass Cemetary Crashdïet The Crown Cult of Luna Dan Swano Dark Funeral Dark Tranquillity Darkane

Deathstars Deranged Diabolique Dismember Dissection Dream Evil Edge of Sanity Entombed Europe Evergrey Falconer Ghost Grave HammerFall Hardcore Superstar The Haunted Hypocrisy In Flames In Mourning Kaamos Katatonia

Lake of Tears Liers in Wait Lifelover Lord Belial Yngwie Malmsteen Marduk Meshuggah Månegarm Necrophobic Nifelheim Nightingale Nocturnal Rites October Tide One Man Army and the Undead Quartet Opeth Ophthalamia PAIN Pain of Salvation

The Project Hate MCMXCIX Raubtier Sabaton Saint Deamon Scar Symmetry Seventh Wonder Shining Skiller Soilwork Sonic Syndicate Steelwing Therion Thyrfing Tiamat Unleashed Watain Witchery Wolf Valkyrja Vildhjarta Vomitory Zonaria

Successful progressive/psychedelic acts are for example Bo Hansson, Dungen, Anekdoten, Morte Macabre, Opeth and Paatos. Finland and neighboring Norway are also crucial centers of controversial rock music genres, including black metal, death metal, and techno-rock movements since the 1980s and 1990s.^{[citation needed]}

Progressive and jazz-rock music

Sweden is also known in some circles for its progressive and jazz-rock musicians, particularly for virtuoso-led acts including Andromeda, Anekdoten, Änglagård, Arbete och Fritid, Björn J:son Lindh, Bo Kaspers Orkester, Janne Schaffer, Kaipa, Landberk, Samla Mammas Manna, Opeth, and The Flower Kings.

Progg

During the 1970s, the progg movement gained popularity. Progg, originally an abbreviation of "progressiv musik" ("progressive music"), was an umbrella term for much of the alternative music of this era. Some of those artists were progressive in a musical sense, such as Bo Hansson, Samla Mammas Manna and Träd, Gräs och Stenar. Others were progressive mainly in a political (usually left-wing) and lyrical sense, such as Nationalteatern, Blå Tåget and Hoola Bandoola Band.

Electronic music

Electronic music in Sweden has been heavily influenced by German electronic music. In the synth world, the band S.P.O.C.K has been active since the late 1980s. One of the most recent bands from Sweden is The Knife, as is Sally Shapiro, which is the pseudonym of producer Johan Agebjörn and a Swedish singer. More recently, the Swedish House Mafia including Steve Angello, Sebastian Ingrosso, and Axwell have topped the house music charts and DJ top 10s around the world.

In 2011, the Swedish artist Tim Bergling (Avicii) was voted the 6th best DJ in the world in the Top 100 DJ poll. Other similar artists of note are John Dahlbäck, Eric Prydz, Nause, Albin Myers, the duo Dada Life, Adrian Lux, Basshunter, Otto Knows, Alesso, Rebecca & Fiona, Cazzette, Jakob Liedholm, Sebjak, Icona Pop, Steerner, Will & Dan and Tjernberg. The trio Swedish House Mafia is by far the most popular electronic music group from Sweden.

In the mid to late 2000s Swedish language Eurodance & Eurotrance dance music became internationally popular. Most noticeably because In 2005, Basshunter became popular with his eurotrance dance songs, based on long standing themes set in mid to late 2000s computer centric culture. Little Dragon is also Swedish.

There are many techno producers from Sweden, though they are often better known internationally than within Sweden. There is even a special Swedish subgenre of techno, the most well-known producer within this genre being Adam Beyer head of the Drumcode label with notable artist such as Cari Lekebusch, Joel Mull, Henrik B etc.

Another well-known producer duo is Minilogue which has gained lots of attention worldwide, especially with their release "Animals" in 2008.

In addition, Sweden is one of the leading countries in the world when it comes to chiptunes, or bitpop. Chip music is music made to run on old game consoles and specialized PCs, like the Amiga, Commodore 64, or Game Boy.

The Swedish music scene is led by artists like Slagsmålsklubben, Crazy Q, Coma, Covox, Dubmood, Goto80, Maktone, Random, Role Model, Lowe, Zabutom, The Knife, Zeigeist and Machinae Supremacy.

Elektronmusikstudion (EMS), formerly known as Electroacoustic Music in Sweden, is the Swedish national centre for electronic music and sound art. The research organisation started in 1964 and is based in Stockholm.

See also

• Portal with Swedish Techno acts
• List of Swedes in music
• Royal Swedish Academy of Music
• Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra
• Swedish Federation of Young Musicians
• Culture of Sweden
• Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest
• Swedish folk music
• Portal with Bubblegum Dance acts
• Swedish pop music

References

External links

Find more about Music of Sweden at Wikipedia's sister projects
	Definitions and translations from Wiktionary
	Media from Commons
	Quotations from Wikiquote
	Source texts from Wikisource
	Textbooks from Wikibooks
	Learning resources from Wikiversity

• Sweden.se/music — Sweden's official music room – A music player with contemporary Swedish music

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