Moral conversion
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Moral conversion is a philosophical concept based on the internalist view of morality.[1] It refers to an existential change in the person, who is perceived as the moral agent adopting new moral standards (or mores) in a process of internal transformation. Moral conversion is a relatively rare event in a person's normal development. It involves a decision that is both conscious and existentialist (i.e. based on critical questioning).[2]
Moral conversion as an existential event
The process of moral conversion was described by Lawrence Kohlberg of the University of Chicago, who developed the so-called Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development. Six classes of moral conversion were identified, based on progressively higher and higher levels of moral reasoning, beginning with the preconventional level of a child, and concluding with the postconventional (or autonomous) level of an adult aware of ethical principles guiding universally moral behaviour.[3]
Notably, the notion of moral conversion has been distinguished from the theory of moral development per se, by Walter E. Conn (of Villanova University) and John C. Gibbs (of the Ohio State University).[4] Moral conversion, according to Conn and Gibbs, involves critical questioning and therefore differs from any spontaneous moral development (Kohlberg). It results in the setting forth of the "self-chosen values" (Conn), which bring the existential dimension to the transforming process.[5]
Alfredo J. Mac Laughlin of Loyola University defines moral conversion by the frequent occurrence of the "sharp-turn conversions" resulting from the presence of free will, which differ from the natural/spontaneous development taking place in incremental stages (Kohlberg).[6] The most significant aspect of moral conversion is the withdrawal from the moral convictions of the past, which is based on "critical self-appropriation" or the critical discovery of oneself.[7] It depends on the sense of authenticity beyond the possibility of predictions.[8]
Moral conversion as self-transcendence
Bernard Lonergan explains that moral conversion is not moral perfection. It is the "withdrawal from self-enclosure" or the shift from personal satisfaction criterion to values that transcend oneself (or ones own group interests). Moral conversion, according to Lonergan, is one of three different types of conversion along with the intellectual and the religious conversion.[9] From a causal point of view, it is the difference between varying levels of consciousness leading to a higher sense of responsibility for the world.[10]
See also
- Redemption
- Enlightenment
Notes
References
- Mac Laughlin, Alfredo J. (2008), "Conversion: The Etymological Context", Narratives of Hope: A Philosophical Study of Moral Conversion (Loyola University: ProQuest): 476, ISBN 0549840109, retrieved October 6, 2012.
- Doran, Robert M. (2011), "Moral Conversion from and to" (PDF file, direct download 61.8 KB), What Does Bernard Lonergan Mean by ‘Conversion’? (University of Toronto Press): 20, retrieved October 7, 2012
- Conn, Walter E. & Wolski Conn, Joann (1982), "Conversion as Self-Transcendence Exemplified in the Life of St. Thérèse of Lisieux", Spirituality Today, Vol. 34, No. 4: 303–311, retrieved October 9, 2012