Montgomery County, Arkansas

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Montgomery County, Arkansas
Map of Arkansas highlighting Montgomery County
Location in the state of Arkansas
Map of the United States highlighting Arkansas
Arkansas's location in the U.S.
Founded December 9, 1842
Seat Mount Ida
Area
 • Total 800.29 sq mi (2,073 km2)
 • Land 780.93 sq mi (2,023 km2)
 • Water 19.36 sq mi (50 km2), 2.42%
Population
 • (2010) 9,487
 • Density 12/sq mi (4.68/km²)

Montgomery County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of 2010, the population was 9,487. The county seat is Mount Ida.[2] Montgomery County is Arkansas's 45th county, formed on December 9, 1842, and named after Richard Montgomery, an American Revolutionary War general.[3]

Geography

According to the 2000 census, the county has a total area of 800.29 square miles (2,072.7 km2), of which 780.93 square miles (2,022.6 km2) (or 97.58%) is land and 19.36 square miles (50.1 km2) (or 2.42%) is water.[4]

Major highways

  • U.S. Highway 70
  • U.S. Highway 270
  • Highway 8
  • Highway 27
  • Highway 88

Adjacent counties

National protected area

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
18501,958
—
18603,63385.5%
18702,984−17.9%
18805,72992.0%
18907,92338.3%
19009,44419.2%
191012,45531.9%
192011,112−10.8%
193010,768−3.1%
19408,876−17.6%
19506,680−24.7%
19605,370−19.6%
19705,8218.4%
19807,77133.5%
19907,8410.9%
20009,24517.9%
20109,4872.6%
Est. 20129,340−1.5%
U.S. Decennial Census[5]
2012 Estimate[6]
Age pyramid Montgomery County[1]

As of the census[7] of 2000, there were 9,245 people, 3,785 households, and 2,747 families residing in the county. The population density was 12 people per square mile (5/km²). There were 5,048 housing units at an average density of 6 per square mile (2/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 95.42% White, 0.29% Black or African American, 1.11% Native American, 0.37% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 1.56% from other races, and 1.23% from two or more races. 2.53% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 3,785 households out of which 28.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.60% were married couples living together, 7.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.40% were non-families. 24.50% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.85.

In the county the population was spread out with 23.50% under the age of 18, 6.20% from 18 to 24, 25.00% from 25 to 44, 26.30% from 45 to 64, and 18.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 96.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.00 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $28,421, and the median income for a family was $32,769. Males had a median income of $25,865 versus $18,063 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,668. About 13.00% of families and 17.00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.50% of those under age 18 and 16.00% of those age 65 or over.

Cities and towns

Unincorporated Communities

Townships

Townships in Montgomery County, Arkansas as of 2010

Townships in Arkansas are the divisions of a county. Each township includes unincorporated areas and some may have incorporated towns or cities within part of their space. Townships have limited purposes in modern times. However, the US Census does list Arkansas population based on townships (often referred to as "minor civil divisions"). Townships are also of value for historical purposes in terms of genealogical research. Each town or city is within one or more townships in an Arkansas county based on census maps. The townships of Montgomery County are listed below with the town(s) and/or city that are fully or partially inside them listed in parentheses. [8][9]

History

Stone spear and dart points found in the area verify that people from the Dalton Culture were present in Mongomery County around 8500 BC. Early signs of houses and American Indian cemeteries are present in and around Caddo Gap, Arkansas, indicating the definite presence of the Caddo Indians having settled in the area in the 13th century and 14th century. In 1541, the explorer Hernando de Soto fought the Tula Indians at Caddo Gap, and that he was injured during that battle.[10]

The first white settlers arrived in 1812, when Martin and Mary Collier settled what is now Caddo Gap. They befriended the local tribes, and seemingly had no problems from them whatsoever. Granville Whittington arrived in 1835, and built a road that led from Hot Springs, Arkansas to his farm about a mile north of the settlement of Montgomery. By 1836 when Arkansas received statehood, most of the native Indians were gone. Some of the native Indian women had intermingled and intermarried with local white settlers. Whittington opened a general store that drew customers from the surrounding area, and in 1842 he opened the Mount Ida Post Office in Mount Ida. West of the Ouachita River, settlers from a wagon train wintered in what is now Oden, and decided to stay when the weather cleared. Montgomery County was named after General Richard Montgomery, an American general who died during the American Revolution.

Originally part of the Louisiana Purchase, it was first claimed by Spain, then France, and in 1813 was part of Arkansas County, then in 1818 was part of Clark County. On December 9, 1842, Montgomery County became its own county, with Montgomery as its county seat. In 1850 Salem became the county seat, but later that same year the county seat changed again, to Mount Ida, where Whittington's Post Office was located. Mount Ida incorporated in 1854.

Civil War era

When the Civil War broke out, most of Montgomery County favored the Confederacy. Mount Ida settlers John Lavender and John Simpson formed one company to serve in the Confederate Army, and the 4th Arkansas Infantry originated in Mount Ida also, but after the war few from the company organized by Lavender and Simpson returned to Montgomery County. With mostly women left to tend to the farms, soldiers from both the Confederate and the Union Army raided homes and farms for supplies, leaving settlers with little to eat. After the war, soldiers from both armies settled in the area, building schools and homes. In 1884 Oden built a steam saw, a cotton gin and a gristmill.

Up to modern times

With the arrival of the Missouri Pacific Railroad in Caddo Gap around the turn of the 20th century, Caddo Gap and Black Springs began to thrive. In 1910 the county population reached its peak, with sawmills springing up in several locations. That same year, the town of Womble was settled. It changed its name to Norman in 1925. In 1918 the logging camp of Mauldin, Arkansas sprang up, and a railroad line was built to it from Norman. However, almost overnight in 1936, Mauldin closed up, dismantled everything, and moved on having depleted the virgin timber in the area. This, combined with the Great Depression, had a devastating effect on the county.

Many people moved away to find work elsewhere, while others found employment with the Civilian Conservation Corps. During World War II, people continued to leave Montgomery County, with the men going off to war, and others leaving to find employment in war plants. Mining became one source of local employment for a time, but did not last. Most mines were due to a large abundance of quartz in the county. In 1922 there were eighty three school districts in Montgomery County. Today there are three, Caddo Hills, Mount Ida, and Ouachita River. Cattle, swine, and poultry are now the main areas of employment in the region.

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ↑ Based on 2000 census data
  2. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07. 
  3. ↑ "Montgomery County", Local.Arkansas.gov
  4. ↑ "Census 2000 U.S. Gazetteer Files: Counties". United States Census. Retrieved 2011-02-13. 
  5. ↑ "U.S. Decennial Census". Census.gov. Retrieved July 6, 2013. 
  6. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012". Census.gov. Retrieved July 6, 2013. 
  7. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
  8. ↑ US Census Bureau. 2011 Boundary and Annexation Survey (BAS): Montgomery County, AR (Map). http://www2.census.gov/geo/pvs/bas/bas11/st05_ar/cou/c05097_montgomery/BAS11C20509700000_000.pdf. Retrieved 20110812.
  9. ↑ http://www.census.gov/geo/www/maps/DC10_GUBlkMap/cousub/dc10blk_st05_cousub.html#M
  10. ↑ Carter, Cecile Elkins. Caddo Indians: Where We Come From. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2001: 21. ISBN 0-8061-3318-X

External links

 Scott County Yell County Yell County
Polk County Garland County
   Montgomery County, Arkansas  
Howard County Pike County Clark County
Municipalities and communities of Montgomery County, Arkansas, United States
City
Towns
Unincorporated
communities
Footnotes
‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties
Little Rock (capital)
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Coordinates: 34°32′08″N 93°39′52″W / 34.53556°N 93.66444°W / 34.53556; -93.66444

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