Mohammed bin Thani

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Mohammed bin Thani
محمد بن ثاني
Emir of the State of Qatar
Reign 1847-1876
Coronation 1847
Full name Mohammed bin Thani bin Mohammed Al Thamir
Arabic محمد بن ثاني
Born ca. 1788
Birthplace Fuwairat,  Qatar
Died 18 December 1878 (exact date of the national day of Qatar)
Place of death Doha,  Qatar
Buried Doha,  Qatar
Predecessor Thani bin Mohammed
Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani
Successor Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani
Consort Noura Al Kuwari
Wife Noura Al Kuwari
Issue Jassim
Ahmed
Fahad
Eid
Thamir
Jabor
Royal House Al Thani
Dynasty Al Thani
Father Thani bin Mohammed
Monarchical styles of
The Emir of Qatar
Reference style His Highness
Spoken style Your Highness
Alternative style Sheikh

Sheikh Mohammed bin Thani (ca. 1788 - 18 December 1878) (Arabic: محمد بن ثاني‎ "Mohammed bin Thani"), Mohammed bin Thani bin Mohammed Al Thamir (Arabic: محمد بن ثاني بن محمد آل ثامر‎), was the second emir of the whole Qatari Peninsula, following his predecessor, his father, Sheikh Thani bin Mohammed Al Thamir.[1] He is known for being the father of Sheikh Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani, the founder of Qatar and who fended off the Ottoman army in the late 19th century.[1][2]

Biography

Early life and governance

Sheikh Mohammed bin Thani was born in Fuwairat, Qatar, by his father and predecessor to the throne, Sheikh Thani bin Mohammed Al Thamir, with Sheikh Mohammed being the second eldest son of his father, along with his four siblings:[1][2]

  1. Sheikh Thamir bin Thani bin Mohammed Al Thamir
  2. Sheikh Eid bin Thani bin Mohammed Al Thamir
  3. Sheikh Ali bin Thani bin Mohammed Al Thamir
  4. Sheikh Ahmad bin Thani bin Mohammed Al-Thamir

After living a lengthy life in Fuwairat, the Al Thani family finally moved from Fuwairat to Doha, the capital city and state of Qatar, under the leadership of Sheikh Mohammed who was 59 at the time,in 1847.[2]

His father later died in 1860, when he succeeded to the throne. By the early 1860s, Sheikh Mohammed emerged as the most important figure in Qatar and an important government official in the Persian Gulf. He abdicated, due to old age, as emir of Qatar in 1876, turning the throne over to his eldest son Sheikh Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani. [1][2]

Events during his reign

  • Eventually, Sheikh Mohammed extended his influence throughout the whole Qatari Peninsula and strengthened his position externally by making an alliance with Faisal Bin Turki, the emir of the second Saudi state, who himself paid a visit to Qatar in early 1851.[2]
  • In 1871, Sheikh Mohammed made a plea for protection against any external attack to the Ottomans at Al Hasa. Ironically, the Ottomans themselves were the ones who displayed hostility to the Qataris in the same decade of his plea.[2]

Children

Sheikh Mohammed had 8 children: six sons (listed below) and two daughters, both with unknown names.[1]

No. Name Government Position Year of Birth Year of Death
1 Sheikh Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani Ruler of Qatar (mid-1800s-1913) 1825 1913
2 Sheikh Ahmed bin Mohammed Al Thani Sheikh of Doha 1853 1905
3 Sheikh Fahad bin Mohammed Al Thani None Unknown Died early
4 Sheikh Eid bin Mohammed Al Thani None Unknown Died early
5 Sheikh Jabor bin Mohammed Al Thani None 1878 1934
6 Sheikh Thamir bin Mohammed Al Thani None Unknown Unknown
7 Sheikha ... bint Mohammed Al Thani None Unknown Unknown
8 Sheikha ... bint Mohammed Al Thani None Unknown Unknown

Death

Sheikh Mohammed died two years after abdicating from his throne in 1876. He died on 18 December 1878, the exact date of the national day of Qatar, as a result of his natural aging.[1][2]

Mohammed bin Thani
House of Al-Thani
Born: ca. 1788 Died: 18 December 1878
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Thani bin Mohammed Al Thamir		 Emir of Qatar
1847-1876 		Succeeded by
Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Buyers, Christopher. "Royal Ark: The Al Thani Dynasty (page 2)". Royalark.net. Retrieved 2012-11-22. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 "Shaikh Mohamed Bin Thani :: Amiri Diwan". Diwan.gov.qa. Retrieved 2012-11-22. 

External links

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