Mercury(I) hydride
| Mercury(I) hydride | ||
|---|---|---|
| IUPAC name Mercury(I) hydride | ||
| Other names Dimercurane | ||
| Identifiers | ||
| Jmol-3D images | {{#if:[Hg][H]|Image 1 | |
| ||
| ||
| Properties | ||
| Molecular formula | HgH | |
| Molar mass | 201.60 g mol-1 | |
| Related compounds | ||
| Related compounds | Cadmium hydride | |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa) | ||
| Infobox references | ||
Mercury(I) hydride (systematically named hydridomercury(•)) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula HgH (also written as HgH•). It is a photosensitive, colourless gas, and is one of the simplest mercury hydrides.
History
In 1979 and 1985, Swiss chemical physicists, Egger and Gerber, and Soviet chemical physicists, Kolbycheva and Kolbychev, independently, theoretically determined that it is feasible to develop a mercury(I) hydride molecular laser.
Chemical properties
Mercury(I) hydride is an unstable gas[1] and is the heaviest group 12 monohydride. The composition of mercury(I) hydride is 0.50% hydrogen and 99.50% mercury. In mercury(I) hydride, the formal oxidation states of hydrogen and mercury are −1 and +1, respectively, because of the electronegativity of mercury is lower than that of hydrogen. The stability of metal hydrides with the formula MH (M = Zn-Hg) increases as the atomic number of M increases.
The Hg-H bond is very weak and therefore the compound has only been matrix isolated at temperatures up to 6 K.[2][3] The dihydride, HgH2, has also been detected this way.
A related compound is bis(hydridomercury)(Hg—Hg) with the formula Hg
2H
2, which can be considered to be dimeric mercury(I) hydride. It spontaneously decomposes into the monomeric form.
References
- ↑ "Mercury hydride". Chemistry WebBook. USA: National Institute of Standards and Technology. Retrieved 14 October 2012.
- ↑ Aldridge, Simon; Downs, Anthony J. (2001). "Hydrides of the Main-Group Metals: New Variations on an Old Theme". Chemical Reviews 101 (11): 3305–65. doi:10.1021/cr960151d. PMID 11840988.
- ↑ Knight, Lon B. (1971). "Hyperfine Interaction, Chemical Bonding, and Isotope Effect in ZnH, CdH, and HgH Molecules". The Journal of Chemical Physics 55 (5): 2061. doi:10.1063/1.1676373.
| |||||||||||||||||||