Mental spine

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Mental spine

The posterior aspect of the mandible showing the mental spine.

A medial view of the mandible showing the attachments of geniohyoid and genioglossus.
Latin	spinae mentalis
Gray's	subject #44 172

A mental spine is a small projection of bone on the posterior aspect of the mandible (jaw bone) in the midline. There are usually four mental spines: two superior and two inferior. Collectively they are also known as the genial tubercle,^[1] genial apophysis and the Latin name spinae mentalis. The inferior mental spines are the points of origin of the geniohyoid muscle,^[2] one of the suprahyoid muscles and the superior mental spines are the origin of the genioglossus muscle, one of the muscles of the tongue.

Additional Images

Mental spine

References

↑ "Genial tubercle." The American Heritage Stedman's Medical Dictionary. Houghton Mifflin Company, 2002. http://www.answers.com/topic/mental-spine Accessed: 22 Oct. 2007.
↑ "Genial tubercle." Mosby's Dental Dictionary. Elsevier, Inc., 2004. http://www.answers.com/topic/mental-spine Accessed: 22 Oct. 2007.

Bones of head and neck: the facial skeleton of the skull (TA A02.1.08–15, GA 2.156–177)

Maxilla

Surfaces	Anterior: fossae (Incisive fossa, Canine fossa) Infraorbital foramen Anterior nasal spine Infratemporal: Alveolar canals Maxillary tuberosity Orbital: Infraorbital groove Infraorbital canal Nasal: Greater palatine canal

Processes	Zygomatic process Frontal process (Agger nasi, Anterior lacrimal crest) Alveolar process Palatine process (Incisive foramen, Incisive canals, Foramina of Scarpa, Incisive bone, Anterior nasal spine)

Other	Body of maxilla Maxillary sinus

Zygomatic

Palatine

Fossae	Pterygopalatine fossa Pterygoid fossa

Plates	Horizontal plate (Posterior nasal spine) Perpendicular plate (Greater palatine canal, Sphenopalatine foramen, Pyramidal process)

Processes	Orbital Sphenoidal

Mandible

Body	external surface (Symphysis menti, Lingual foramen, Mental protuberance, Mental foramen, Mandibular incisive canal) internal surface (Mental spine, Mylohyoid line, Sublingual fovea, Submandibular fovea) Alveolar part of mandible

Ramus	Mylohyoid groove (Mandibular canal, Lingula) Mandibular foramen Angle Coronoid process Mandibular notch Condyloid process Pterygoid fovea

Minor/
nose

Nasal bone: Internasal suture
Nasal foramina
Inferior nasal concha: Ethmoidal process
Maxillary process
Vomer: Vomer anterior
Synostosis vomerina
Vomer posterior (Wing)
Lacrimal: Posterior lacrimal crest
Lacrimal groove
Lacrimal hamulus

M: BON/CAR

anat (c/f/k/f, u, t/p, l)/phys/devp/cell

noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (M5)

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