McDonnell Douglas C-9

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The McDonnell Douglas C-9 is a military version of the McDonnell Douglas DC-9 airliner. It was produced as the C-9A Nightingale for the United States Air Force, and the C-9B Skytrain II for the U.S. Naval Reserve and Marine Corps. The final active-duty flight of the C-9A Nightingale was in September 2005.^[1] The Boeing C-40 Clipper is replacing the Navy Reserve's aging C-9B fleet.^[2]^[3]

Design and development

In 1966, the US Air Force identified a need for an aeromedical transport aircraft. The following year the Air Force ordered C-9A Nightingale aircraft. Deliveries began in 1968.^[4] The C-9As were used for medical evacuation (MedEvac), passenger transportation, and special missions from 1968 to 2005. The first C-9A aircraft was named for Florence Nightingale.^{[citation needed]}

A USAF C-9A Nightingale in 1968

After selecting a modified DC-9 for passenger and cargo transport, the U.S. Navy ordered its first five C-9Bs in April 1972.^[4] The C-9B aircraft have provided cargo and passenger transportation as well as forward deployed air logistics support for the Navy and Marine Corps. A C-9B was also chosen by NASA for reduced gravity research,^[5] replacing the aging KC-135 Vomit Comet.

Many of the Navy's C-9Bs have a higher maximum gross take-off weight (114,000 lb or 52,000 kg) and are fitted with auxiliary fuel tanks installed in the lower cargo hold to augment the aircraft's range to nearly 2,600 nautical miles (4,200 km) for overseas missions along with tail mounted infra-red (IR) scramblers to counter heat seeking missile threats in hostile environments.^{[citation needed]}

A C-9 Skytrain II offloading on the ramp at Naval Air Station Brunswick.

The C-9 fleet was located throughout the continental U.S., Europe, and Asia.^[6]

Variants

C-9A Nightingale - 23 aeromedical evacuation aircraft for the United States Air Force received from 1968.^[7]

C-9B Skytrain II - 24 convertible passenger/transport versions for the United States Navy and Marine Corps delivered from 1973 to 1976. An additional five C-9s were converted from passenger configured DC-9s.^[7]

VC-9C - 3 executive transport aircraft for the United States Air Force.^[7] The three aircraft were delivered to the US Air Force in late 1976.

C-9K - 2 aircraft for the Kuwait Air Force.^[7]

Operators

A US Navy C-9B Skytrain II

Kuwait

Kuwait Air Force

United States

Specifications (C-9B)

The cockpit of a C-9B Skytrain

Data from Encyclopedia of World Air Power^[4]

General characteristics

Crew: 5 to 8
Length: 119 ft 3 in (36.36 m)
Wingspan: 93 ft 5 in (28.42 m)
Height: 27 ft 6 in (8.38 m)
Wing area: 1,001 ft² (92.97 m²)
Empty weight: 59,700 lb (27,080 kg)
Max. takeoff weight: 110,000 lb (49,900 kg)
Powerplant: 2 × Pratt & Whitney JT8D-9 turbofan, 14,500 lbf (64.5 kN) each

Performance

Maximum speed: Mach 0.84 (576 mph, 927 km/h)
Cruise speed: 504 mph (485 knots, 811 km/h)
Range: 2,900 mi (4,700 km)
Service ceiling: 37,000 ft (11,000 m)
Rate of climb: 3,000+ ft/min (900+ m/min)

References

↑ "Historic C-9 heads to Andrews for retirement". US Air Force, 24 September 2005.
↑ C-40A Clipper history page. US Navy, 16 November 2000.
↑ "C-9B Skytrain II Completes 30 years of Continuous Fleet Support". US Navy, 2 June 2003.
↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Gunston, Bill, ed. The Encyclopedia of World Air Power. New York, NY: Crescent Books, 1986. ISBN 0-517-49969-X.
↑ The History of C-9B Reduced Gravity Research Program. NASA/JSC, March 25, 2008
↑ C-9 Skytrain fact file. US Navy, 15 April 2005.
↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Becher, Thomas. Douglas Twinjets, DC-9, MD-90, MD-90 and Boeing 717, pp. 170-176, Crowood Press, Aviation Series, 2002. ISBN 1-86126-446-1.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to C-9 Nightingale.

v t e Douglas military aircraft

Fighters	XP-48 P-70 F-6 F-10 XFD F3D F4D F5D XF6D

Ground attack	XA-2 A-20 A-24 A-26 A-33 A-1 A-3 A-4/A-4AR/A-4SU DT T2D XT3D TBD SBD BD XBTD XTB2D AD XA2D A3D A4D

Bombers	YB-7 YB-11 B-18 XB-19 XB-22 B-23 B-26 XB-31 XB-42 XB-43 B-66 DB-1 DB-2 DB-7 DB-8 DB-19 DB-73 Boston I/II/III/IV/V Digby I Havoc I/II DXD1

Observation	O-2 OD O2D O-31 O-35 O-38 O-43 YO-44 O-46 O-53 YOA-5

Patrol	PD P2D P3D

Reconnaissance	F-3

Transports	C-1 C-21 C-32 C-33 YC-34 C-38 C-39 C-41 C-41A C-42 C-47 C-48 C-49 C-50 C-51 C-52 C-53 C-54 C-58 UC-67 C-68 C-74 C-84 C-110 XC-112/YC-112 XC-114 YC-116 C-117 C-118 C-124 YC-129 C-133 C-9 C-24 RD R2D R3D R4D (R4D-2 & R4D-4) R5D JD R6D CC-129 Dakota I/III/IV Dakota II LXD1 PD.808 Skymaster I

Gliders	XCG-17

Training aircraft	BT-1 BT-2 XT-30

Experimental	DWC D-558-1 D-558-2 X-3

McDonnell and McDonnell Douglas military aircraft and spacecraft

Fighters

USAAF/US Air Force	XP-67 XF-85 XF-88 F-101 F-110 F-4 F-15 F-15E YF-23

US Navy/USMC	FH F2H F3H F-4 F/A-18 F/A-18E/F

Export	F-4K/F-4M CF-18/CF-188

Licensed	F-15J

Attack

US Navy/USMC	A-4M AV-8B A-12

Export	A-4G

Trainers

US Navy	T-45

Transports

US Air Force	Model 119 C-9 KC-10 YC-15 C-17

US Navy	C-9

Licensed	Model 188

Helicopters

US Army/US Air Force	XH-20 AH-64

US Navy	XHJH XHCH XHRH

Export	Defender

Drones (UAVs)

US Air Force	ADM-20

US Navy	KDH

Experimental

US Army/US Air Force	XV-1 X-36 F-15 STOL/MTD Bird of Prey

Spacecraft

NASA	Mercury Gemini Skylab

US Air Force	Blue Gemini

v t e United States military transport aircraft designations, Army/Air Force and Tri-Service systems

Army/Air Force sequence (1925-1962)	C-1 C-2 C-3 C-4 C-5 C-6 C-7 C-8 C-9 C-10 C-11 C-12 C-13¹ C-14 C-15 C-16 C-17 C-18 C-19 C-20 C-21 C-22 C-23 C-24 C-25 C-26 C-27 C-28 C-29 C-30 C-31 C-32 C-33 C-34 C-35 C-36 C-37 C-38 C-39 C-40 C-41/A C-42 C-43 C-44 C-45 C-46 C-47/T C-48 C-49 C-50 C-51 C-52 C-53 C-54 C-55 C-56 C-57 C-58 C-59 C-60 C-61 C-62 C-63 C-64 C-65 C-66 C-67 C-68 C-69 C-70/A/B/C/D C-71 C-72 C-73 C-74 C-75 C-76 C-77/B-D C-78 C-79 C-80 C-81 C-82 C-83 C-84 C-85 C-86 C-87 C-88 C-89 C-90 C-91 C-92 C-93 C-94 C-95 C-96 C-97/KC-97 C-98 C-99 C-100 C-101 C-102 C-103 C-104 C-105 C-106 C-107 C-108 C-109 C-110 C-111 C-112 C-113 C-114 C-115 C-116 C-117 C-118 C-119 C-120 C-121/F C-122 C-123/A C-124 C-125 C-126 C-127 (I) C-127 (II) C-128 C-129 C-130/J C-131 C-132 C-133 C-134 C-135/KC-135 C-136 C-137 C-138¹ C-139¹ C-140 C-141 C-142

Tri-service sequence (1962-present)	C-1 C-2 C-3 C-4 C-5 C-6 C-7 C-8 C-9 C-10 C-11 C-12 C-13¹ C-14 C-15 C-16¹ C-17 C-18 C-19 C-20A-D/F-H C-21 C-22 C-23 C-24 C-25 C-26 C-27/J C-28 C-29 C-30¹ C-31 C-32 C-33 C-34¹ C-35 C-36 C-37 C-38 C-40 C-41 C-42¹ C-43¹ C-44¹ C-45 C-46

Revived original sequence (2005-present)	C-143 C-144 C-145 C-146

Non-sequential designations	C-767 C-880

¹ Not assigned See also: AC-47 • AC-119 • AC-130 • DC-130 • EC-130 • HC-130 • KC-130 • LC-130 • MC-130 • WC-130

v t e Lists relating to aviation

General	Aircraft manufacturers Aircraft engines manufacturers Gliders Airlines defunct Airports Civil authorities Museums Registration prefixes Rotorcraft manufacturers Timeline

Military	Air forces Weapons Experimental Missiles Unmanned

Accidents/incidents	Commercial airliners by location Fatalities by death toll General aviation Military

Records	Airspeed Altitude Distance Endurance Firsts Large Most-produced aircraft Most-produced rotorcraft

Current equipment of the United States Air Force

Active service &
Aircraft designation

A - Attack	A/OA-10A/C Thunderbolt II AC-130H/U/J/W Spectre/Spooky II/Ghostrider/Stinger II

B - Strategic bomber	B-1B Lancer B-2A Spirit B-52H Stratofortress

C - Cargo transport	C-5A/B/C Galaxy C-5M Super Galaxy C-12C/D/F Huron C-17A Globemaster III C-20B Gulfstream III C-20H Gulfstream IV C-21A Learjet C-27J Spartan C-37A Gulfstream V C-40B/C Clipper C-130E/H/J/J-30 Hercules CV-22B Osprey

E - Electronic warfare	E-3B/C Sentry E-4B E-8C Joint STARS E-9A Widget E-11A BACN EC-130H Compass Call EC-130J Commando Solo

F - Air superiority & Multirole fighter	F-15C/D Eagle F-15E Strike Eagle F-16C/D Fighting Falcon F-22A Raptor F-35A Lightning II

H - Search and rescue	HC-130P/N King HC-130J Combat King II HH-60G/MH-60G Pave Hawk

K - Tanker	KC-10A Extender KC-135E/R/T Stratotanker

L - Cold weather	LC-130H

M - Multi-mission	CV-22 Osprey MC-130E/H/J/P Combat Talon I/Combat Talon II/Commando II/Combat Shadow MC-12W Liberty

O - Observation	OC-135B Open Skies

Q - Remotely Piloted	MQ-1 Predator MQ-9 Reaper RQ-4A Global Hawk RQ-11B Raven RQ-170 Sentinel

R - Reconnaissance	RC-26B Condor RC-135S/U/V/W COBRA BALL/Combat Sent/Rivet Joint Scan Eagle RU-2S Dragon Lady Wasp III

T - Trainer	T-1A Jayhawk T-6A Texan II (A)T-38A/B/C Talon II TG-10B/C/D TG-15A/B Diamond T-52A

U - Utility	UH-1N Iroquois UH-1H/N/V Huey UV-18A/B Twin Otter U-28A

V – VIP/staff transport	VC-9C VC-25A (Air Force One) C-32A/B (Air Force Two) C-40B/C Clipper

W – Weather reconnaissance	WC-130J Hercules WC-135W Constant Phoenix

Other/undesignated	An-26 (6th SOS) CN-235-100 (427th SOS) Mi-8 (6th SOS)

Space
systems

Launch vehicle	Atlas V Delta II Delta IV

Satellite	Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS) Defense Support Program (DSP) Global Positioning System (GPS) Milstar Satellite Communications System Mobile User Objective System (MUOS) Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS) Wideband Global SATCOM

Ground
systems

C2	AN/USQ-163 Falconer AN/GSQ-272 Sentinel

Ground-based radar	AN/FPQ-16 Perimeter Acquisition Attack Characterization System (PARCS) AN/FPS-123 Early Warning Radar (EWR) AN/FPS-132 Upgraded Early Warning Radar (UEWR) AN/FPS-85 AN/FPS-133 Air Force Space Surveillance System (AFSSS) AN/FSQ-114 Ground-Based Electro-Optical Deep Space Surveillance (GEODSS) AN/FSQ-224 Morón Optical Space Surveillance (MOSS) Rapid Attack, Identification, Detection, and Reporting System (RAIDRS)

Ground vehicle	HMMWV R-5 Refueler R-9 Refueler R-11 Refueler C300

Munitions

Bomb	CBU-87 Combined Effects Munition CBU-89 Gator CBU-97 Sensor Fuzed Weapon GBU-10 Paveway II GBU-12 Paveway II GBU-15 GBU-24 Paveway III GBU-27 Paveway III GBU-28 GBU-44/B Viper Strike GBU-53/B Small Diameter Bomb II GBU-31 JDAM GBU-32 JDAM GBU-38 JDAM GBU-39 Small Diameter Bomb GBU-54 Laser JDAM Mk-82 Mk-84

Gun	GAU-8 Avenger M61 Vulcan GAU-16 GAU-17 M240 L/60 Bofors M102 ATK GAU-23/A

Missile	AGM-65A/B/D/E/G/G2/H/K Maverick AGM-86B/C/D Air-Launched Cruise Missile (ALCM) AGM-84 Harpoon AGM-84E Standoff Land Attack Missile AGM-84H/K Standoff Land Attack Missile - Expanded Response AGM-88A/B/C High-speed Anti-radiation Missile (HARM) AGM-114 Hellfire Air-to-Surface Missile (ASM) AGM-129 Advanced Cruise Missile AGM-130 Powered Standoff Weapon AGM-154A Joint Standoff Weapon (JSOW) AGM-158 Joint Air-to-Surface Stand-off Missile (JASSM) AGM-176 Griffin Joint Air-to-Surface Stand-off Missile (JASSM) AIM-7M Sparrow AIM-9M/X Sidewinder AIM-120B/C Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile (AMRAAM) LGM-30G Minuteman III

Target	BQM-34 Firebee BQM-167 Subscale Aerial Target MQM-107 Streaker QF-4 Aerial Target

Small arms

Sidearm/PDW	M11 Pistol M9 Pistol MP5 submachine gun USAF Pilot's Survival Knife

Rifle/Carbine	GUU-5/P Carbine M4 Carbine M14 Stand-off Munitions Disruptor (SMUD) M16A2 Rifle M24 Sniper Weapon System M107 Long Range Sniper Rifle Mk 14 Mod 0 Enhanced Battle Rifle

Support/CQB	M60 machine gun M2HB Browning machine gun M240B Medium Machine Gun M249 light machine gun M1014 shotgun Remington 870 MCS shotgun

Ordnance	M136 AT4 Light Anti-tank Weapon M18A1 Claymore Mine M67 Fragmentation Grenade M72 Light Anti-tank Weapon (LAW) M79 grenade launcher MK-19 automatic grenade launcher

Uniforms &
other equipment

Airman Battle Uniform (ABU)
Battle Dress Uniform (BDU)
Flight Suit
Physical Training Uniform
Service Dress Uniform
Mess Dress
CMU – 33A/P22P-18

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