Maykop
| Maykop (English) Майкоп (Russian) Мыекъуапэ (Adyghe) Гъакъыва (Ubykh) | |
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 Maykop Railway Station | |
  Maykop | |
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| City Day | First Saturday of June[citation needed] |
| Administrative status (as of December 2010) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Republic of Adygea[1] |
| Administratively subordinated to | Maykop Republican Urban Okrug[1] |
| Capital of | Republic of Adygea[citation needed] |
| Administrative center of | Maykop Republican Urban Okrug[1] |
| Municipal status (as of December 2010) | |
| Urban okrug | Maykop Urban Okrug[2] |
| Administrative center of | Maykop Urban Okrug[2] |
| Head[citation needed] | Nikolay Pivovarov[citation needed] |
| Representative body | Council of People's Deputies[citation needed] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 144,249 inhabitants[3] |
| - Rank in 2010 | 120th |
| Time zone | MSK (UTC+04:00)[4] |
| Founded | May 1857[citation needed] |
| City status since | 1870[citation needed] |
| Postal code(s)[5] | 385000 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 8772[citation needed] |
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Maykop (Russian: Майкоп, IPA: [mɐjˈkop]; Adyghe: Мыекъуапэ [məjaqʷaːpa], Myequape) is the capital city of the Republic of Adygea, Russia, located on the right bank of the Belaya River (a tributary of the Kuban). Population: 144,249 (2010 Census);[3] 156,931 (2002 Census);[6] 148,608 (1989 Census).[7]
History
Maykop was founded in May 1857 as a Russian Kuban Cossack fortress.[citation needed] It served as an important strategic outpost during the finale of the Caucasian War in 1858–1863. It was granted town status in 1870.[citation needed]
The early Bronze Age Maykop culture has been named after the city after the discovery of a royal burial site there in 1897.
In 1911, oil deposits were discovered in the vicinity of Maykop.
In 1936, Maykop and the surrounding region was merged with Adyghe Autonomous Oblast, and became the administrative center of the autonomy. Maykop was occupied by the Wehrmacht on August 9, 1942 without a fight as a result of Brandenburger commando operation. In January 1943, it was liberated by the Transcaucasian Front of the Red Army.
Since 1991, Maykop has been the capital of the Republic of Adygea in the Russian Federation.
Economy
The discovery of extensive underground oil reserves has made Maykop a major centre for oil extraction for the Soviet Union and, subsequently, Russia. Other economically important sectors are food processing and the timber industry.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with eight rural localities, incorporated as Maykop Republican Urban Okrug—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] It has the following rural localities under its jurisdiction:[8]
- khutor of Gaverdovsky
- stanitsa of Khanskaya
- khutor of Kosinov
- settlement of Podgorny
- settlement of Rodnikovy
- settlement of Severny
- khutor of Vesyoly
- settlement of Zapadny
As a municipal division, Maykop Republican Urban Okrug is incorporated as Maykop Urban Okrug.[2]
Ethnic groups
Ethnic groups in the city (2002 data):[citation needed]
- Russians (72.59%)
- Adyghe (16.65%)
- Armenians (2.99%)
- Ukrainians (2.52%)
Education
Maykop is home to the Adyghe State University and Maykop State Technological University. There are also several facilities of professional education in Maykop.
Climate
Maykop lies within the humid subtropical climate zone (Cfa), according to the Köppen climate classification.
| Climate data for Maykop | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 3.9 (39) |
5.8 (42.4) |
11.0 (51.8) |
18.2 (64.8) |
22.6 (72.7) |
26.2 (79.2) |
28.9 (84) |
28.5 (83.3) |
24.3 (75.7) |
17.6 (63.7) |
12.3 (54.1) |
6.9 (44.4) |
17.18 (62.93) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.5 (31.1) |
1.3 (34.3) |
5.7 (42.3) |
12.6 (54.7) |
16.8 (62.2) |
20.3 (68.5) |
22.8 (73) |
22.3 (72.1) |
18.1 (64.6) |
12.0 (53.6) |
7.6 (45.7) |
2.8 (37) |
11.82 (53.26) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −4.9 (23.2) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
0.4 (32.7) |
6.9 (44.4) |
11.0 (51.8) |
14.4 (57.9) |
16.7 (62.1) |
16.0 (60.8) |
11.9 (53.4) |
6.3 (43.3) |
2.8 (37) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
6.41 (43.53) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 60 (2.36) |
41 (1.61) |
51 (2.01) |
58 (2.28) |
73 (2.87) |
89 (3.5) |
70 (2.76) |
58 (2.28) |
62 (2.44) |
66 (2.6) |
75 (2.95) |
69 (2.72) |
772 (30.39) |
| Avg. precipitation days | 8 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 94 |
| Source: worldweather.org[9] | |||||||||||||
Military
On the south side of the city, alongside the Belaya River is the military complex housing the 131st Motor Rifle Brigade of the North Caucasus Military District, which took part in the First Chechen War.
References
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Law #171
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Law #171 stipulates that the borders of the republican urban okrugs are identical to those of the municipal urban okrugs.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Russian)
- ↑ "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. May 21, 2004. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров." [All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ↑ Law #223
- ↑ "worldweather.org". Retrieved March 6, 2012.
Sources
- Государственный Совет — Хасэ Республики Адыгея. Закон №171 от 5 мая 2000 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Республики Адыгея», в ред. Закона №97 от 6 июня 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые Законы Республики Адыгея в связи с принятием Закона Республики Адыгея "Об отнесении посёлка городского типа Тульского к категории посёлков — сельских населённых пунктов"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Советская Адыгея", №156-157, 7 августа 2004 г. (State Assembly of the Republic of Adygea. Law #171 of May 5, 2000 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Republic of Adygea, as amended by the Law #97 of June 6, 2012 On Amending Various Laws of the Republic of Adygea Due to the Adoption of the Law of the Republic of Adygea "On Transformation of the Urban-Type Settlement of Tulsky into a Settlement—a Rural Locality. Effective as of the official publication date.).
- Совет Республики Адыгея. Закон №223 от 24 мая 2004 г. «О муниципальном образовании "город Майкоп", наделении его статусом городского округа и установлении его границ», в ред. Закона №113 от 24 июля 2007 г «О внесении изменения в Закон Республики Адыгея "О муниципальном образовании "город Майкоп", наделении его статусом городского округа и установлении его границ"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Советская Адыгея", №102–103, 27 мая 2004 г. (Council of the Republic of Adygea. Law #223 of May 24, 2004 On the Municipal Formation "the City of Maykop", Granting It the Status of an Urban Okrug, and on the Establishment of Its Borders, as amended by the Law #113 of July 24, 2007 On Amending the Law of the Republic of Adygea "On the Municipal Formation "the City of Maykop", Granting It the Status of an Urban Okrug, and on the Establishment of Its Borders". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
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