Maryland Route 25

Maryland Route 25
Falls Road
Maryland Route 25 highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained by Baltimore DOT and MDSHA
Length:	26.89 mi[1][2] (43.28 km)
Existed:	1927 – present
Major junctions
South end:	MD 2 in Baltimore
	MD 133 near Brooklandville I-83 / I-695 in Brooklandville MD 130 in Brooklandville MD 131 in Brooklandville MD 128 in Butler MD 88 near Butler MD 137 near Hampstead
North end:	Beckleysville Road near Alesia
Highway system
Maryland highway system Interstate US State Scenic Byways Turnpikes ← MD 24 MD 26 →

Maryland Route 25 (MD 25), locally known for nearly its entire length as Falls Road, is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland. It begins north of downtown Baltimore, just north of Penn Station, and continues north through Baltimore County almost to the Pennsylvania state line. The road passes through the communities of Hampden, Medfield, Cross Keys, and Mount Washington in the city, and Brooklandville and Butler in Baltimore County. The entire length of MD 25 that uses Falls Road—and its locally maintained continuation north to Alesia—is a Maryland Scenic Byway, named the Falls Road Scenic Byway.^[3]

Route description

City of Baltimore

MD 25 begins as a one-way pair, Lafayette Street westbound and Lanvale Street eastbound, at the one-way pair comprising MD 2, Calvert Street northbound and St. Paul Street southbound, in the Charles North neighborhood of Baltimore and within the North Central Historic District. Lafayette Street and Lanvale Street head west as two-lane streets and intersects another one-way pair of streets, northbound Charles Street and southbound Maryland Avenue. Within the Charles–Lafayette–Maryland–Lanvale block is a plethora of historic sites: the Hans Schuler Studio and Residence on Lafayette Street, the Charles Theatre and Baltimore City Passenger Railway Power House and Car Barn on Charles Street, and rowhouses comprising the Buildings at 1601-1830 St. Paul Street and 12-20 E. Lafayette Street.^[1][4]

West of Maryland Avenue, Lafayette Street and Lanvale Street merge into Falls Road, which curves northwest and briefly parallels the Amtrak Northeast Corridor, which enters Penn Station to the southeast. As the railroad tracks veer away toward Washington, MD 25 begins to parallel the east side of Jones Falls and the Baltimore Light Rail, which is on the west side of the stream, at the southern end of the stream's deep valley. The highway passes underneath Howard Street and North Avenue and by the Baltimore Streetcar Museum. MD 25 parallels Maryland Transit Administration's Route 25, which comprises the streetcar tracks used for streetcar rides from the museum site north under CSX's Baltimore Terminal Subdivision and past the remains of a roundhouse to the streetcar turning loop just south of 28th Street's and 29th Street's bridges over the Jones Falls valley. MD 25 passes under Wyman Park Drive just south of the Stieff Silver Company Factory and Mount Vernon Mill No. 1 down the hill from the Stone Hill Historic District.^[1][4]

MD 25, facing southbound, as it passes under the 29th Street (foreground top) and 28th Street (background) bridges over the Jones Falls valley

At the southern end of the Hampden neighborhood, MD 25 ascends from the valley and temporarily expands to a four-lane divided street at its ramps with I-83 (Jones Falls Expressway). The partial interchange, which includes ramps from southbound MD 25 to southbound I-83 and from northbound I-83 to northbound MD 25, is next to the historic home Evergreen on the Falls occupied by the Maryland edition of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The street becomes undivided and reduces to two lanes at the main street of Hampden, 36th Street or The Avenue. North of 41st Street, MD 25 passes between the neighborhoods of Medfield to the west and Hoes Heights on the east. The highway intersects Cold Spring Lane next to the Baltimore Polytechnic Institute secondary school and passes between the Village of Cross Keys on the west and Roland Park to the east as a four-lane undivided highway. MD 25 intersects Northern Parkway, then descends into the Jones Falls valley and passes through the center of Mount Washington. The neighborhood contains the North Baltimore Aquatic Club, where Michael Phelps trained, and an intersection with Kelly Avenue, where the highway reduces to two lanes. MD 25 leaves the city of Baltimore just south of Lake Avenue.^[1][4]

Baltimore to Alesia

MD 25 enters the Bare Hills area of Baltimore County. The state highway crosses over the Baltimore Light Rail and Jones Falls next to the Falls Road station. The station is accessed via unsigned MD 746 (Lakeside Drive), which partially runs underneath MD 25 along the latter highway's overpass on its way to the station parking lot. The state highway ascends from the stream valley and curves northwest between Robert E. Lee Memorial Park to the northeast and the Bare Hills House on the southbound side of the highway. MD 25 continues north through a well-forested affluent area between Towson and Pikesville. The highway descends to and crosses Jones Falls twice on either side of an underpass of I-83. To the north of the second crossing of the stream, MD 25 has a four-leg intersection with MD 133 (Old Court Road) and Ruxton Road; the latter road has a half-diamond interchange with I-83 that allows access to and from Baltimore. North of MD 133, the highway passes the Rockland Historic District and the historic home Rockland.^[2][4]

MD 25 crosses over I-695 (Baltimore Beltway) then passes The Cloisters and the Brooklandville House before crossing Jones Falls one last time at the east end of the Green Spring Valley as the highway enters Brooklandville. MD 25 has a ramp to the Jones Falls Expressway as the road begins to parallel the freeway. The freeway, which is unsigned MD 25A north of I-695, has its northern terminus at an orthogonal intersection with MD 25 and Joppa Road, which heads east toward Towson. MD 25 makes a sharp turn east at the north end of the parallel section, then turns north onto a four-lane divided highway extending north from the freeway. The highway passes through a commercial area to MD 130 (Greenspring Valley Road), north of which the highway becomes two lanes again. At the northern end of Brooklandville, the state highway meets the western end of MD 131 (Seminary Avenue) and passes by the campuses of Maryvale Preparatory School and St. Paul's School. MD 25 continues through the region of estate homes until the highway reaches Shawan Road and Tufton Avenue at the hamlet of Shawan, north of which the landscape shifts to farmland.^[2][4]

The northern end of Falls Road

MD 25 crosses Western Run and passes through the village of Butler, where the highway meets MD 128 (Butler Road). The highway follows Blackrock Run and Indian Run through a pair of ridges. At the second ridge, MD 25 has a Y intersection with MD 88 (Black Rock Road) at Coopersville. The state highway crosses Blackrock Run again and intersects MD 137 (Mount Carmel Road) at Whitehouse between Hampstead and Hereford. MD 25 reaches its northern terminus at Beckleysville Road west of Beckleysville and Prettyboy Reservoir near the Baltimore–Carroll county line.^[2][4] Falls Road continues northwest for 4.2 miles (6.8 km) as a county highway into northeastern Carroll County. Just north of its intersection with Hoffmanville Road near Alesia, the highway becomes a narrow gravel road. Falls Road has a grade crossing of CSX's Hanover Subdivision, then becomes a paved road again shortly before its northern terminus at Schalk Road No. 1 near Gunpowder Falls north of Alesia and south of Lineboro near the Maryland–Pennsylvania state line.^[5]

History

Turnpike

Signboard showing toll rates

On the December 27, 1791, the Maryland General Assembly authorized Elisha Tyson, William & Charles Jessop, John Ellicott, George Leggett, Robert Long, Jacob Hart, and John Stricker to lay out a road, not to exceed 40 feet (12 m) wide, from their flour mill-seats on Jones Falls, then in Baltimore County, southerly to Baltimore Town, thereafter known as the Falls Road. ^[20] On January 19, 1805, A company known as 'The President, Managers and Company, of the Falls Turnpike Road', more commonly called the 'Falls Turnpike', was incorporated and chartered by the Maryland General Assembly. The company was authorized to build and operate a turnpike road "for the accommodation of the inhabitants on Jones's Falls, and the country adjacent", running from "the ford by Messieurs [William] Patterson and [John] Stricker's mill" northerly to "the cross roads by the limekiln of Richard Caton" (Brooklandville). Construction was to begin within two years and finish within five. (Completion was extended to January 1, 1813 by the General Assembly on December 23, 1808.^[6]) The law included a statement that "it would be unjust and improper to extend the said turnpike so as to make the same intersect the York-town turnpike...drawing off from said road any portion of the trade that now passes down the said road into Old-town, in the city of Baltimore", but allowed the Falls Turnpike to extend south to the York-town Turnpike (Greenmount Avenue) "at or near a stone bridge opposite the old mill of Josiah Pennington" (Belvidere Street across Jones Falls, just south of Hoffman Street and east of Barclay Street) with the consent of that company.^[7] A law passed January 25, 1806 allowed the company to build this extension without the approval of the York-town Turnpike.^[8] On December 28, 1812, the General Assembly "confirmed and established" the completed roadway.^[9]

According to Richard Caton, whose limekiln was located near the north end of the turnpike, and who was one of the officers of the company, the turnpike was "excepted to unite the trade of the North with Baltimore...in a direct line to Hanover and Carlisle." This extension was delayed by what Caton thought was a desire to keep the Baltimore and Reister's-town Turnpike's monopoly.^[10] A public road extending from Brooklandville north-northwesterly to George Kerlinger's Mill on Gunpowder Falls - near but not on the Pennsylvania state line - was authorized by a state law passed December 24, 1808.^[11] The Falls Turnpike began building the road, but lacked funds to complete it, and another law passed January 15, 1817 allowed the company to increase their capitalization and to charge tolls for travel on the extension.^[12] On March 12, 1828, the General Assembly ordered the company to, within six months, return this extension to the county for use as a free public road, and the turnpike was thus cut back to Brooklandville.^[13]

The turnpike began at the intersection of Cathedral Street and Howard Street (now the diagonal portion of Chase Street, intersecting Cathedral Street about half a block south of Biddle Street). It proceeded north on Cathedral Street, crossing Jones Falls a bit north of North Avenue to the current Falls Road.^{[14][15][16][17]} After North Avenue was built, the turnpike was separated from Cathedral Avenue, ending at North Avenue east of Jones Falls.^[18]

The description of allowed rates of toll given in the legislative charter are lengthy, and specify that, for instance, a horse and rider shall be charged 6.25 cents, and a two-horse stagecoach 25 cents, for the entire distance, and a smaller amount in proportion to the distance traveled.^[7] Five miles were completed by 1811, allowing the company to erect a toll gate; a second gate had been placed by 1819. Due to the impossibility of determining how far a customer had traveled, the Baltimore County Court allowed the company to charge a full toll for passing over any part of the road.^[19] The southern toll gate was located one to two blocks north of North Avenue at the bridge over Jones Falls,^[20] and the other was several miles north, near Cross Keys.^{[citation needed]}

State highway

Falls Road was paved in macadam as a state-aid road—the road was designed by the Highway Division of the Maryland Geological Survey and paved by the county with equal financial support by the state and county—from Kelly Avenue in Mount Washington to Padonia Road by 1910.^[21][22] The highway was paved as a 40-foot (12 m)-wide vitrified brick state road—the road was designed by the Maryland State Roads Commission and its construction fully financed by the state—from 36th Avenue in Hampden north to the contemporary city limits at Roland Heights Avenue in Medfield in 1911. Falls Road from Roland Heights Avenue north to Kelly Avenue in Mount Washington was paved with a 40-foot (12 m)-wide vitrified brick surface in 1912.^[22]

By 1921, Falls Road had been surfaced in macadam from Padonia Road to Ridge Road south of Shawan and then in concrete the remaining distance to Shawan.^[23] That same year, the Maryland State Roads Commission planned to reconstruct Falls Road in Baltimore from 36th Street south to North Avenue; that stretch was paved with concrete by 1923.^[23][24] The portion of Falls Road from Butler to Whitehouse, which was then known as Blackrock, was planned as part of an extension of Park Heights Avenue via Butler Road and other highways east of Reisterstown as early as 1910 and as late as 1921.^[21][23] Starting in 1924, Falls Road was paved with concrete north from Shawan.^[25] The improved road reached a spot north of Butler by 1927 and to Whitehouse in 1928.^[26][25][27] The concrete highway was extended to Gunpowder Road in 1930 and to its present terminus at Beckleysville Road by 1933.^[28][29][30]

MD 25 was one of the original state-numbered highway designation assigned by the Maryland State Roads Commission in 1927.^[26] By 1930, the Baltimore–Shawan portion of the highway had been widened to a minimum width of 20 feet (6.1 m).^[28] Shortly after 1930, work began on a bridge over the Northern Central Railroad, whose right-of-way is now followed by the Baltimore Light Rail, at Bare Hills; this structure was completed by 1934.^[28][31] MD 25's southern terminus was Charles Street by 1934 and MD 2 by 1956.^[32][33] The state highway's only major relocation was in 1962 and 1963 when the northern stub of the Jones Falls Expressway, now MD 25A, and the associated four-lane divided section of MD 25 in Brooklandville were constructed.^[34][35] With the completion of the Jones Falls Expressway, I-83 became the main highway from the north into downtown Baltimore and MD 25 was relegated to a local thoroughfare.^[35] MD 25 was closed for several months for the replacement of the highway's bridges over the Baltimore Light Rail and Jones Falls at Bare Hills in 1991 and over I-695 near Brooklandville in 1996.^[36]

Junction list

County	Location	Mile [1][2]	km	Destinations	Notes
City of Baltimore		0.00	0.00	MD 2 north (Calvert Street)	Southern terminus
		0.06	0.10	MD 2 south (St. Paul Street)
		0.15	0.24	Charles Street	Charles Street is one-way northbound
		1.79	2.88	I-83 south (Jones Falls Expressway)	I-83 Exit 8; ramps from southbound MD 25 to southbound I-83 and from northbound I-83 to northbound MD 25
		3.01	4.84	Cold Spring Lane
		4.30	6.92	Northern Parkway
Baltimore		7.34	11.81	MD 133 west (Old Court Road) to I-83 east / Ruxton Road east – Pikesville
	Brooklandville	8.67	13.95	To I-83 (Jones Falls Expressway) / I-695 (Baltimore Beltway) / Joppa Road east – Towson, Pikesville, Baltimore, York	Connector to I-83 and I-695 is MD 25A
		8.82	14.19	MD 130 west (Greenspring Valley Road) – Reisterstown
		9.22	14.84	MD 131 east (Seminary Avenue) – Lutherville
	Butler	17.85	28.73	MD 128 west (Butler Road) – Reisterstown
		19.05	30.66	MD 88 west (Black Rock Road) – Hampstead
		23.30	37.50	MD 137 (Mount Carmel Road) – Hereford, Hampstead
		26.89	43.28	Beckleysville Road / Falls Road north – Alesia	Northern terminus
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Auxiliary route

MD 25A is the designation for the 0.58-mile (0.93 km) portion of the Jones Falls Expressway north of the Baltimore Beltway in Brooklandville. The highway begins at the interchange between the Jones Falls Expressway and the Baltimore Beltway, which is a cloverleaf interchange with a flyover ramp for the transfer of southbound I-83 from the east–west beltway to the north–south expressway. The Jones Falls Expressway continues south as I-83 into Baltimore. The Baltimore Beltway carries I-695 west toward Pikesville and both I-83 and I-695 east toward Towson, where I-83 splits north toward York. The four-lane freeway ends at a four-leg intersection with MD 25 (Falls Road) and Joppa Road. Joppa Road heads east toward Towson; MD 25 heads south as a two-lane road from the west leg of the intersection and north as a short four-lane divided highway continuation of the expressway. The only intermediate junction on MD 25A is a direct ramp from MD 25 to southbound MD 25A at the southern point of where the two highways run parallel.^[2][37]

See also

• Maryland Roads portal

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Maryland Route 25.

• MDRoads: MD 25

v t e Roads in Baltimore County, Maryland State highways 7 25 26 30 41 43 45 88 91 122 125 128 129 130 131 133 134 137 138 139 140 144 145 146 147 150 151 157 158 165 166 295 372 439 542 562 587 588 648 695 700 702 746 795 889 940 943 993 U.S. Highways 1 1 Alt 40 Interstate Highways 70 83 95 195 695 795 895

v t e Roads in Baltimore, Maryland State highways 2 2 Truck 25 26 41 45 126 129 139 140 144 147 150 151 171 172 173 295 372 542 648 686 U.S. Highways 1 1 Alt 40 40 Truck Interstate Highways 70 83 95 395 695 895