Mary, Turkmenistan
| Mary | |
|---|---|
 | |
  Mary | |
| Coordinates: 37°36′N 61°50′E / 37.600°N 61.833°E | |
| Country |
 Turkmenistan |
| Province | Mary Province |
| Government | |
| • Hakim | Kakageldi Gurbanov |
| Population (1989 census)[1] | |
| • Total | 92,290 |
| Time zone | UTC+5 |
Mary is the capital city of Mary Province in Turkmenistan. Former names include Merv, Meru and Margiana. It is located at 37°36′N 61°50′E / 37.600°N 61.833°ECoordinates: 37°36′N 61°50′E / 37.600°N 61.833°E. The city is an oasis in the Karakum Desert, located on the Murghab river. In 2009, Mary had a population of 123,000[citation needed], up from 92,000 in the 1989 census. In Kerait tradition, Mary, mother of Jesus, was buried here. The city also has an airport.
History
The ancient city of Merv was an oasis city on the Silk Road. It was occupied by Imperial Russia in 1884, triggering the Panjdeh Incident between Afghan forces and the Imperial Russian Army. The modern settlement was founded later that year as a Russian military and administrative post.
A force of the British Indian Army consisting of a machine gun detachment comprising 40 Punjabi troops and a British officer resisted the Bolsheviks near Merv in August 1918 in what was the first direct confrontation between British and Russian troops since the Crimean War.[2]
Mary was developed by the Soviet Union as a center for cotton production through the use of extensive irrigation. In 1968, huge reserves of natural gas were discovered 20 kilometers west of the city.[citation needed]
After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the proclamation of independence of Turkmenistan, in May 18, 1992 Mary became the center of Mary Province.
In the 2000s, is an accomplishment streets, construction of large residential facilities. Mass housing construction continues. The city had built a new airport terminal, new building of Turkmen State Power Engineering Institute, theater, library, historical museum, the palace Ruhiyet, hotel "Margush", a medical diagnostic center, medical center "Ene Myahri", mosque Gurbanguly Haji, a stadium, an equestrian complex, indoor swimming pool, renovated railway station.[3]
In 2012, the city was declared the cultural capital of the CIS.[4]
Economy
Mary is Turkmenistan's fourth-largest city, and a large industrial centre, for the natural gas and cotton industries, the nation's two major export industries. It is a trade center for cotton, cereals, hides, and wool.
Culture
Mary is known for its Regional Museum. The city lies near the remains of the ancient city of Merv, which in corrupted form gives its name to the modern town.
Sport
The main football team is Merw Mary who play at the Mary Stadium.
Notable citizens
- Akmammedov Myratgeldy, politician
- Khadyr Saparlyev, politician
- Yelena Bonner, human rights activist
International relations
Twin towns – Sister cities
Mary is twinned with:
References
- ↑ Population census 1989, Demoscope Weekly, No. 359-360, 1–18 January 2009 (search for Туркменская ССР) (Russian)
- ↑ On Secret Service East of Constantinople by Peter Hopkirk, John Murray, 1994
- ↑ Гостеприимство древнего и вечно юного города
- ↑ Туркменский город Мары получил сертификат культурной столицы СНГ
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