Marwat

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The Marwats (Pashto: مروت‎) are a Pashtun tribe, a branch of the Lohani,[1] located primarily in Lakki Marwat District, parts of DI Khan and some villages of Tank district, located in the south of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Across the Durand line, a smaller number of the Marwats are scattered in parts of Paktika and Ghazni provinces of Afghanistan. The Marwats are also known as Spin Lohani ("White Lohanis"), and are a cousin tribe of Tokhis, Niazis, Hotaks, Surs and Lodis. The Marwats were named for their ancestor Marwat.[2]

History

See also Bannu

Marwats lived in Katawaz (کټواز, which is now called Zarghun Shar District) in Paktika province of modern day Afghanistan, from where they migrated in about 1500 CE,[3] after coming into dispute with the Sulaiman Khels. The Marwat migrated eastwards to Daman (present day Tank) and Pezu. The Marwat were settled in Daman during the Lodi period but many Marwats also participated in military conquests of the Sur Empire in India. Khawas Khan Marwat was a famous Marwat general from the Sur period. Eventually the Marwats migrated from Daman to their current location, the district of Lakki Marwat in the province of Khyber Pashtunkhwa.[4] There is a hill in Katawaz still called Marwati, named for the Marwat that formerly lived there.[5]

Subtribes

  • Khadarkhel (clans: Hajikhel, Nazarkhel)
  • Bahram (clans: Tatterkhel, Ghaznikhel, Umer Khan Khel and Totazai; subclans: Tajazai, Dalkhozai, Landiwa, and Tapi)
  • Meenakhel (clans: Hakeem khankhel and Muhammad Khan khel)
  • Musakhel (clans: Takhtikhel, Januzai and Passani)
  • Achukhel (clans: Begukhel, Isakkhel, Ahmadkhel etc.)
  • Khudakhel (clans: Skanderkhel, Mamakhel etc.)
  • Besides these the Suleman khel, Dallo Khel and Abbakhel Sayeds, Machinkhel, Sarhang Niazis and Mulakhel groups also live among the Marwats.[4][6]
  • Lohani, from Lohana, a the name of a Hindu tribe of the Indian desert. Clans: Adam (Zai), Bahram, Chando (Khel), Dallo (Khel), Khodo (Khel), Khwaedad (Khel), Mahander (Khel), Mama (Khel), Musa (Khel), Rajo (Khel), Skande (Khel), Salar, Tapi and Zangi.

Notable Marwats

  • Irfanullah Khan Marwat, a politician based in Karachi. Presently a Member of the Sind Assembly and formerly Minister for transport, health, home, education and mines and mineral development.
  • Adam Khan Marwat was a Secretary of the Communication and Work Department of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.[7]
  • Hifz ur Rahman Kazi was the Vice Chancellor of Gomal University and worked with the Frontier Education Foundation.[8]
  • Khan Habibullah Khan was a justice of West Pakistan High Court, first Chairman of the Senate of Pakistan, and briefly as acting President of Pakistan[3]
  • Anwar Kamal Khan, former senator, Provincial Senior Minister and a former member of the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa[9]
  • Anwar Saifullah Khan, currently a member of the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and formerly a federal minister[10]
  • Mir Nawaz Khan Marwat, a senior advocate of the Supreme Court of Pakistan and a former federal minister
  • Salim Saifullah Khan, currently a senator, and formerly a federal and provincial minister[10]
  • Shah Nawaz Khan, a former Chief Justice of the North-West Frontier Province and a former Justice of the Supreme Court of Pakistan, former Governor NWFP[3]
  • Dil Jan Khan, a former Inspector General of Police and Secretary to the government of Pakistan. He also remained President International Narcotics Control Board at the United Nations.[11]

References

  1. ↑ "War Ballads of West Pakistan". The Pakistan Review (Ferozsons) 19: 10–11. 1971. ISSN 0031-0077. 
  2. ↑ Mohmand, Sher Muhammad, The Marwats. p. 50-53
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Walsh, Declan (2010). "Arithmetic on the Frontier". In John Freeman. Granta 112: Pakistan. Granta Books. ISBN 9781905881536. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Akram Khan Marwat. Lakki Marwat. Khyber.ORG.
  5. ↑ Languages from Glued Ideas retrieved 10 June 2013
  6. ↑ Marwat Tribe from NPS.edu retrieved 10 June 2013
  7. ↑ CWD Khyber Pakhtunkhwa retrieved 18 September 2013
  8. ↑ Frontier Education Foundation retrieved 16 October 2013
  9. ↑ "Honour among them". The Economist. 19 December 2006. Retrieved 23 June 2012. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Candidate extends support from Dawn.com retrieved 10 June 2013
  11. ↑ Tribe Elders to Decide on Candidate from Dawn.com retrieved 10 June 2013

Further reading

  • Sher Zaman Taizi, Nara Zheba (The Virile Language), (Nowshera: Kamil Pukhto Adabi Jirgah).
  • Tuffail Ahmad Khan, Bannu Tareekh Kay Ayeenay Main, (Tahi Kulachni Publishers, 1979).
  • Insaf weekly magazine (Urdu), Peshawar. 11 July 1955.
  • Gul Ayub Saifi, Bannu Au Da Waziristan Tareekh, (Bannu, Nazir Medical Store, Lakki Gate. 1969).
  • Syed Chiragh Hussain, Dood-e-Chiragh. (DI Khan. Ishrat Art Press. 1980)
  • Parvez Ahmad Khan, "The Bannu Valley (A Perspective)", Pakistan, vol. 15 & 16. (Pakistan Study Centre, University of Peshawar, 1987)
  • Syed Bahadur Shah Zafar Kaka Khel, Pashtun Tareekh Kay Ayeenay Main (Translation from Pashto by Syed Anwarul Haq Jeelani). (Peshawar. University Book Agency. 1964)
  • M. J. Siyal Mohmand, Da Pukhtano Da Qabilo Shajare. (Peshawar. University book Agency, 1986)
  • Government of North-West Frontier Province. Gazetteer of Bannu District (1883–84). (Lahore. Sang-e-Meel. 1989)
  • Sher Mohammad Khan Mohmand, The Marwats, (Peshawar, 1999) OCLC 62341253
  • Haroon Rashid, History of the Pathans (Vol. III). (Islamabad, 2002) OCLC 52853206
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