Mark Donaldson

Mark Gregor Strang Donaldson
Trooper Mark Donaldson in 2009
Born	(1979-04-02) 2 April 1979 Waratah, New South Wales, Australia
Allegiance	Australia
Service/branch	Australian Army
Years of service	2002 – present
Rank	Corporal
Unit	1st Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment Special Air Service Regiment
Battles/wars	East Timor International Force for East Timor Iraq War Operation Falconer War in Afghanistan Operation Slipper
Awards	Victoria Cross for Australia

Mark Gregor Strang Donaldson, VC, (born 2 April 1979) is the first recipient of the Victoria Cross for Australia, awarded for gallantry, the highest award in the Australian honours system. The last Australian recipient of a British Victoria Cross was Keith Payne in 1969 who is the only living Australian recipient of that award. Then Trooper Donaldson was a member of the Special Air Service Regiment when he exposed himself to enemy fire to protect injured troops and then rescued an interpreter under heavy enemy fire in the Battle of Khaz Oruzgan during Operation Slipper, the Australian contribution to the War in Afghanistan. He was presented with the medal by the Governor-General of Australia, Quentin Bryce, in a ceremony in Canberra on 16 January 2009. On 25 January 2010, Donaldson was named the Young Australian of the Year 2010.^[1] He was promoted to corporal in June 2010.

Early life

Donaldson was born on 2 April 1979 at Waratah, New South Wales. The younger son of Greg, a Vietnam veteran, and Bernadette Donaldson he grew up in the small northern New South Wales township of Dorrigo, attending Dorrigo High School, a small state comprehensive co-educational secondary public school,^[2] until 1996.^[3] In 1995 his father died suddenly of a heart attack and Mark and his brother became wards of Legacy, one of their legatees being a former member of the same Army unit their father had served in.^[4]

In 1998 when Donaldson was 19 and attending art college in Sydney, his mother disappeared. She is presumed murdered and an investigation into the disappearance is ongoing.^[4] Donaldson left full-time education and took a variety of physically demanding jobs in Australia and overseas.^[4]

Military career

2002–2008

Donaldson enlisted in the Australian Army on 18 June 2002. He trained at Army Recruit Training Centre, Kapooka, NSW, winning prizes as the best shot and best at physical training in his platoon. Detailed to the Royal Australian Infantry Corps, he then underwent further training at Singleton, New South Wales, where he won prizes again for shooting and physical training, and also as most outstanding soldier in his platoon. He was then posted to 1st Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, based at Townsville, Queensland.^[5]

From February to April 2004, Donaldson completed the SASR selection course, and was posted to 3 Squadron in May 2004. He has since seen service in East Timor, Iraq (Operation Falconer) and Afghanistan (Operation Slipper).^[5] During his deployment to Afghanistan, he was slightly wounded on 12 August 2008 when the Bushmaster Protected Mobility Vehicle he was travelling in struck an improvised explosive device.^[5][6]

Act of gallantry

The Governor General of Australia, Quentin Bryce, pins the Victoria Cross for Australia on Trooper Donaldson during his investiture ceremony at Government House, Canberra on 16 January 2009

The actions for which Donaldson's VC were awarded took place on 2 September 2008. Patrolling with Afghan and US forces, they were ambushed by a well-prepared and larger Taliban force. The ambush began with sustained machine gun and rocket-propelled grenade fire, causing several casualties. Donaldson deliberately exposed himself to fire from the Taliban fighters in order to draw their attention away from the casualties, allowing them to be moved to cover. When the patrol attempted to withdraw, the number of casualties was such that the unwounded personnel (including Donaldson) had to make their way on foot, beside their vehicles, as the casualties filled the vehicles. As they set off, it was realised that an Afghan interpreter attached to the patrol was wounded, and had not been loaded into the vehicles. Donaldson immediately crossed the 80 metres (87 yd) or so of open ground between the convoy and the interpreter, under heavy fire, and then carried him back to the vehicles where Donaldson administered first aid. The patrol eventually broke free of the ambush after two hours.^[5]

When asked about the incident, Donaldson commented: "I'm a soldier, I'm trained to fight ... it's instinct and it's natural. I just saw him there, I went over and got him, that was it."^[3] The events were first reported by the Australian press on 12 December 2008 following a briefing by Major General Tim McOwan on 11 December.^[7] At this stage Donaldson was identified only as "Trooper F".^[8] Donaldson then became the first recipient of the Victoria Cross for Australia on 16 January 2009; he was presented with the medal by the Governor-General at a ceremony in Government House, Canberra.^[5][8]

The official citation was published in a special edition of the Commonwealth of Australia Gazette of 20 January 2009 and states (in part) that the award was made for " ... most conspicuous acts of gallantry in action in a circumstance of great peril in Afghanistan, as part of the Special Operations Task Group during Operations SLIPPER, Oruzgan Province, Afghanistan."^[9][10] Donaldson was subsequently received in audience by the Queen of Australia, Elizabeth II, at Windsor Castle on 10 November 2009.^[11][12]

Subsequent career

After being presented with his VC Donaldson requested permission to remain a member of the SASR and participate in operational postings. This was approved by Chief of the Defence Force Air Chief Marshal Angus Houston and Chief of Army Lieutenant General Ken Gillespie. Donaldson subsequently served in Afghanistan for a four month period in 2009 and made a brief deployment to the country in early 2010. He was also promoted to the rank of corporal in 2010 after completing a junior leaders' course.^[13]

On 11 November 2009, Donaldson and British VC recipient Johnson Beharry handed a wreath to the Queen during a service in Westminster Abbey which marked the deaths in 2009 of the last three veterans of World War I resident in the United Kingdom, Bill Stone, Henry Allingham and Harry Patch. The wreath was then laid on the Tomb of the Unknown Warrior.^[14][15] While Donaldson was in London, news emerged in Afghanistan that Sabi, an explosives detection dog that was declared missing in action after the 2 September ambush, had been found alive and well by an American soldier.^[16][17] Donaldson said of the news that it "closed a chapter in their shared history" and "She's the last piece of the puzzle ... Having Sabi back gives some closure for the handler and the rest of us that served with her in 2008. It's a fantastic morale booster for the guys."^[16][18]

On 4 October 2012, Donaldson was announced as the Patron In Chief of military charity Soldier On Australia.^[19]

Personal life

Donaldson is married to Emma, and has a daughter, Kaylee^[5] and a son named Hamish. He has written a memoir of his life called The Crossroad which was published by Macmillan in 2013. Emma describes him as being "married to the army".^[20] Donaldson says of himself: "I don't see myself as a hero, honestly. I still see myself as a soldier first and foremost."^[20]

Honours and awards

Ribbon	Description	Notes
	Victoria Cross for Australia (VC)	2009[10]
	Australian Active Service Medal	with ICAT clasp[21]
	Afghanistan Medal	[21]
	Australian Service Medal
	Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal	2012
	Australian Defence Medal	[21]
	NATO Medal for the Non-Article 5 ISAF Operation in Afghanistan	[21]
	Unit Citation for Gallantry	with Federation Star for service during the period of Operation Slipper[21]
	Meritorious Unit Citation	[21][22]
	Infantry Combat Badge	[21]

On 25 January 2010, Donaldson was named the Young Australian of the Year 2010. That evening, at a public event on the lawns of Parliament House in Canberra, the Prime Minister (The Hon Kevin Rudd MP) and the National Australia Day Council Chair (Adam Gilchrist) presented Donaldson with a handmade glass award and praised his achievements.^[1]

Location of medal

Donaldson's medals on display at the Australian War Memorial in March 2009

Seven days after the medal presentation, Donaldson lent his VC and other medals to the Australian War Memorial in an official ceremony. The medals were placed on display at the end of February 2009.^[23]

References

External links

• Official portraits (copyright)
• Images from the Award Ceremony.
• Images of Special Operations Task Group activity in Oruzgan Province, Afghanistan.
• Audio downloads of interviews with Donaldson.
• Donaldson meeting the Queen, 11 November 2009.
• Young Australian of the Year 2010, award presentation, 25 January 2010.