Marja, Afghanistan

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Marjah
مارجه
Marjah
Location in Afghanistan
Coordinates: 31°31′N 64°07′E / 31.517°N 64.117°E / 31.517; 64.117
Country Afghanistan
Province Helmand Province
District Nad Ali
Population [1][2][3]
 • Total 80-85,000 (disputed)
125,000 (with surrounding area - also disputed)
Time zone UTC+4:30

Marjah (also spelled Marjeh; Pashto/Persian: مارجه ) is an unincorporated agricultural district in Nad Ali District, Helmand Province, Afghanistan, southwest of Lashkar Gah, the provincial capital. The name Marja is also applied to a small location within the district where a number of farmers' markets, shops and a mosque are located. The population of the Marja district is 80,000 - 125,000 spread across 80 - 125 square miles (320 km2), an area larger than Cleveland or Washington D.C.. During the February 2010 Operation Moshtarak, the largely rural community of Marja was repeatedly described in the press as a "town" and even "city", following a 2 February 2010 briefing by US Marines.[4]

Population and economy

Marjah is geographically situated in one of Afghanistan's major belts of poppy fields,[5] which are a source of funds for the Taliban.[6] According to one figure, 10% of global illicit opium production in the year 2000 originated from the Marjah/Nad-i-Ali area.[7] During the 1950s and 1960s the United States funded a scheme, run by the Helmand and Arghandab Valley Authority, to irrigate the fields around Marja (Lashkar Gah/Helmand was nicknamed "Little America"), with many canals remaining to this day.[1][6]

In conjunction with this American-led development, which included building and staffing a number of local schools, the Afghan government jump-started a program in 1959 to resettle Pashtun nomads to the area, providing them each with "almost 15 acres of land, two oxen and free seeds", with a focus on growing wheat.[8] Besides facing a number of technical problems, the development/resettlement program had the political aim of minimizing spillover of the Pashtun independence movement from across the Durand Line in Pakistan.[8]

Climate

Data collected in the 1950s in the Marjah/Chah-i-Anjirs area showed an average rainfall of over one inch per month from December through March, peaking in January at 2.46 inches. The rest of the year experienced little or no precipitation, and besides January, there was actually a consistent net loss of water through evaporation. June, July, and August experienced average high temperatures of over 100 °F (38 °C), while the average lows in winter bottomed out at just above freezing in December and January.[9]

Lawlz

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Thompson, Mark (2010-02-09). "U.S. Troops Prepare to Test Obama's Afghan War Plan". TIME. Retrieved 2010-02-09. "A town of 80,000, Marja..." 
  2. ↑ Perry, Tony (2010-02-03). "In Afghanistan, Marines ready attack on Taliban redoubt". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2010-02-03. "Marja, with a population estimated at 85,000..." 
  3. ↑ Marquez, Miguel (2010-02-03). "Afghanistan: Marines Gear Up for Biggest Fight Yet". ABC News. Retrieved 2010-02-03. "Marja and the surrounding area, with an estimated population of 125,000..." 
  4. ↑ Gareth Porter, Inter Press Service, 8 March 2010, Fiction of Marjah as City Was U.S. Information War
  5. ↑ Nordland, Rod (2010-02-03). "Military Officials Say Afghan Fight Is Coming". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-02-03. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Perry, Tony (2010-01-31). "Marine assault vehicles key to Afghan strategy". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2010-02-04. 
  7. ↑ Hafvenstein, Joel (2007). Opium Season: A Year on the Afghan Frontier. Globe Pequot. p. 157. ISBN 1-59921-131-9. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Chandrasekaran, Rajiv (2010-02-10). "Marines plan joint mission to eject insurgents from last Helmand stronghold". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2010-02-10. 
  9. ↑ Michel, Aloys Arthur (1959). The Kabul, Kunduz, and Helmand Valleys and the national economy of Afghanistan: a study of regional resources and the comparative advantages of development. National Academies. pp. 142–145. 
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Further reading

Coordinates: 31°31′N 64°07′E / 31.517°N 64.117°E / 31.517; 64.117

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