Mango oil

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Mango oil
Saturated fats 45-50
Unsaturated fats 50-55
Monounsaturated 40-46
Properties
Melting point 32-43°C
Solidity at 20 °C semi-solid
Iodine value 32.0-60.7
Tree with Raw fruits
flowering
Ripen Mangoes
maNgo seed stone-kernel
seed stone

Mango oil is an oil fraction obtained during the processing of mango butter. Mango oil is a seed oil extracted from the stone of the fruit of the Mangifera indica. The oil is semi-solid at room temperatures, but melts on contact with skin, making it appealing for baby creams, suncare balms, hair products, and other moisturizing products. The oil is a soft yellow color with a melting point of 32-42°C.

common name in Indian languages[1][2]

Tree

A large green tree mainly valued for its fruits,raw and ripe.It can grow up to 15-30 m,tall. Soil can be well drained sandy loam ,but does not grow well in heavy wet soils. The PH of Soil must be between 5.2-7.5.[2]

Flowers

Flowers appear at the end of winter and beginning of spring.Both male and female flowers are borne on same tree.The Climatic conditions have significant influence on the time of flowering of mango.In India flowering starts from December in the South and in January in Bihar and Bengal, and in February in eastern Uttar Pradesh, and in February–March in northern India.The duration of flowering is 20–25 days in Dashehari, while panicle emergence occurs in early December and flower opening is completed by February.It is well known that the Neelum variety of mango produces two crops a year in Kanyakumari, in South India ,but flowering only once in North Indian conditions[3]

Fruits

Fruit is an irregular egg shaped and slightly comprised fleshy drupe.Fruits are usually 8-12 cms long and greenish yellow in color.Mango fruits can be round, oval,heart shaped or kidney shaped.Mango fruits are green when they are unripe.The interior flesh is bright orange and soft with a large, flat pit in the middle.[4] Mature in April and May. 210 varieties of mango species have been reported.Fruits have exported value.Raw mango used for making of pickles, chutneys etc. Ripe mango is popular edible fruit all over the world.The % skin and pulp will be 85% and the remaining 15%is of stone(seed)[1]

Extraction of oil

oil is extracted from dried mango kernel by hydraulic pressing[5] or by processing in solvent Extraction plant.[6] In Solvent Extraction Plant hexane,an hydrocarbon liquid is used as extraction media.The collected mango seed stones are well water washed, soon after collection.After washing the seeds are sun dried to reduce the existing moisture to 12-15%.The dried seed stone is roasted in a drum roaster and the outer seed stone hull is removed mechanically or manually, beating with wood clubs.The separated kernels are crushed in a Hammer mill into small pieces.The mango kernel pieces are sent to pellet making machine and pellets are formed.Pellets are cooled to room temperature in a pellet cooler ,and are sent to Solvent extraction plant.Some processors make flakes by crushing the seeds in a Flaking roller mill.[7]

composition and characters of oil/fat

Mango kernel oil is known as fat as it remains solid at ordinary room temperature because of its high melting point(35-43°C).some say it as mango Butter too.

physical character of Mango kernel oil[1]

physical characterrange/limit
Refractive Index at 400C1.4550-1.4570
Iodine Value32-60.7
Saponification value190.1-195.1
Melting Point35-430C
Unsaponifiable matter 1.2%MAX
Sterol0.22-0.58
Specific gravity at,300C0.9991
Titer (Titer)0C30.5-39.2
slip temperature30.5-39.20C
Bellier number0C38.5
Fatty Acids Present in Mango fat[8]
Fatty acidPercent
Palmitic acid,C16:05.5
Stearic acid,C18:040-45
Oleic Acid,C18:140-46
Linoleic Acid,C18:23-4
Arachidic acid,C20:02-2.5

uses of mango oil/fat

See also

External links

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 SEA Hand Book-2009 by Solvent Extractors' Of India
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 flowers of india
  3. ↑ http://mango-trees.blogspot.in/2009/05/flowering-of-mango.html
  4. ↑ http://www.hort.purdue.edu/ext/senior/fruits/mango1.htm
  5. ↑ http://www.amazon.com/Extraction-Mango-Kernel-Hydraulic-Pressing/dp/384653532X
  6. ↑ http://www.commodityonline.com/news/nav-develops-mango-kernel-oil-extracting-method-24317-3-24318.html
  7. ↑ http://autonopedia.org/crafts-and-technology/food-technology/understanding-solvent-extraction-of-vegetable-oils/
  8. ↑ SEA :SEA News circular,Vlo:2,issue:3,june'9
  9. ↑ http://www.ajofai.info/Abstract/Production%20of%20cocoa%20butter%20equivalent%20from%20mango%20seed%20almond%20fat%20and%20palm%20oil%20mid-fraction.pdf
  10. ↑ https://www.google.co.in/search?q=uses+of+mango+fat&es_sm=93&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=DjRRUrL1EMbTrQfWqYGACw&ved=0CGwQsAQ&biw=1366&bih=677&dpr=1
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