Messier 61
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Observation data Epoch J2000 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Virgo |
| Right ascension | 12h 21m 54.9s[2] |
| Declination | +04° 28′ 25″[2] |
| Apparent dimension (V) | 6.5 × 5.8 moa[2] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 10.18 |
| Characteristics | |
| Type | SAB(rs)bc,[2] HIISy2[2] |
| Astrometry | |
| Helio Radial velocity | 1566 ± 2[2]km/s |
| Redshift | 0.005224 ± 0.000007[2] |
| Galactocentric Velocity | 1483 ± 4[2] km/s |
| Distance | 52.5 ± 2.3 Mly (16.10 ± 0.71 Mpc) |
| Other designations | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | Search M61 data
|
| See also: Galaxy, List of galaxies | |
Messier 61 (also known as M61 or NGC 4303) is a barred spiral galaxy in the Virgo Cluster. It was discovered by Barnabus Oriani on May 5, 1779.
Properties
M61 is one of the largest members of Virgo, belonging to the subunit known as S Cloud[3][4]
It has an Active galactic nucleus[5] and it's classified as a starburst galaxy, with a candidate supermassive black hole with a mass around 5 million times that of our Sun on its center.[6] This object is associated with a young, massive star cluster with a mass 100,000 times the one of the Sun, a radius of 3.1 parsecs and an age of 4 million years.[7] Surrounding it, there's a nuclear spiral with a radius of 225 parsecs formed by several massive star-forming regions,[8] that may be associated with a second bar much smaller than the main one of this galaxy.[9]
Star formation is also high across M61's disk,[10] perhaps due to interactions with her satellite galaxies NGC 4292 and NGC 4303B.[11]
Unlike most late-type galaxies of the Virgo Cluster, M61 does not show a deficiency of neutral hydrogen[12]
Six supernovae have been observed in this galaxy:[13]
- SN 2008in
- SN 2006ov
- SN 1999gn
- SN 1964F
- SN 1961I
- SN 1926A
Gallery
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Messier 61 image using data from Hubble’s Wide Field Camera 2
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Amateur Image of Messier 61 Showing Supernova 2008in on April 16, 2009
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Infrared image of M61 taken by the Spitzer Space Telescope
References
- ↑ Tschöke, D.; Hensler, G.; Junkes, N (2000). "X-rays from the barred galaxy NGC 4303". Astronomy and Astrophysics 360 (2): 447–456. arXiv:astro-ph/0006361. Bibcode:2000A&A...360..447T.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for M 61. Retrieved 2006-11-18.
- ↑ "Galaxy On Line Database Milano Network (GOLDMine)". Retrieved 2012-08-06.
- ↑ "The Virgo Cluster". Retrieved 2013-04-06.
- ↑ Jiménez-Bailón, E.; Santos-Lleó, M.; Mas-Hesse, J. M.; Guainazzi, M.; Colina, L.; Cerviño, M.; González Delgado, Rosa M. (2003). "Nuclear Activity and Massive Star Formation in the Low-Luminosity Active Galactic Nucleus NGC 4303: Chandra X-Ray Observations". The Astrophysical Journal 593 (1): 127–141. arXiv:astro-ph/0304465. Bibcode:2003ApJ...593..127J. doi:10.1086/376554.
- ↑ Pastorini, G.; Marconi, A.; Capetti, A.; Axon, D. J.; Alonso-Herrero, A.; Atkinson, J.; Batcheldor, D.; Carollo, C. M.; Collett, J.; Dressel, L.; Hughes, M. A.; Macchetto, D.; Maciejewski, W.; Sparks, W.; van der Marel, R. (2007). "Supermassive black holes in the Sbc spiral galaxies NGC 3310, NGC 4303 and NGC 4258". Astronomy and Astrophysics 469 (2): 405–423. arXiv:astro-ph/0703149. Bibcode:2007A&A...469..405P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20066784.
- ↑ Colina, Luis; Gonzalez Delgado, Rosa; Mas-Hesse, J. Miguel; Leitherer, Claus (2002). "Detection of a Super-Star Cluster as the Ionizing Source in the Low-Luminosity Active Galactic Nucleus NGC 4303". The Astrophysical Journal 579 (2): 545–553. Bibcode:2002ApJ...579..545C. doi:10.1086/342839.
- ↑ Colina, Luis; Garcia Vargas, Maria Luisa; Mas-Hesse, J. Miguel; Alberdi, A.; Krabbe, A. (1997). "Nuclear Spiral and Ring Star-forming Structures and the Starburst--Active Galactic Nucleus Connection in Barred Spirals NGC 3351 and NGC 4303". The Astrophysical Journal Letters 484: L41. Bibcode:1997ApJ...484L..41C. doi:10.1086/310766.
- ↑ Schinnerer, Eva; Maciejewski, Witold; Scoville, Nick; Moustakas, Leonidas A. (2002). "Toward the Secondary Bar: Gas Morphology and Dynamics in NGC 4303". The Astrophysical Journal 575 (2): 826–844. arXiv:astro-ph/0204133. Bibcode:2002ApJ...575..826S. doi:10.1086/341348.
- ↑ Koopmann, R.; Kenney, J. D. P. (2004). "Hα Morphologies and Environmental Effects in Virgo Cluster Spiral Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal 613 (2). arXiv:astro-ph/0406243. Bibcode:2004ApJ...613..866K. doi:10.1086/423191. Unknown parameter
|pp.=ignored (help) - ↑ Cayatte, V.; van Gorkom, J. H.; Balkowski, C.; Kotanyi, C. (1990). "VLA observations of neutral hydrogen in Virgo Cluster galaxies. I - The Atlas". The Astronomical Journal 100: 604–634. Bibcode:1990AJ....100..604C. doi:10.1086/115545.
- ↑ Kenney, J. D.; Young, J. S. (1986). "CO in H I-deficient Virgo cluster spiral galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal Letters to the Editor 301: L13–L17. Bibcode:1986ApJ...301L..13K. doi:10.1086/184614.
- ↑ "List of Supernovae". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. Retrieved 2011-07-03.
External links
- www.seds.org/messier/m/m061.html
- Messier 61 on WikiSky: DSS2, SDSS, GALEX, IRAS, Hydrogen α, X-Ray, Astrophoto, Sky Map, Articles and images
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Coordinates: 
12h 21m 54.9s, +04° 28′ 25″
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