Máramaros County
| Máramaros County Комітат Марамарош Comitatul Maramureş Comitatus Maramarosiensis Máramaros vármegye Komitat Maramuresch | |||||
| County of the Kingdom of Hungary | |||||
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Coat of arms | |||||
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| Capital | Máramarossziget 47°56′N 23°53′E / 47.933°N 23.883°ECoordinates: 47°56′N 23°53′E / 47.933°N 23.883°E | ||||
| History | |||||
| - | Established | 1876 | |||
| - | Treaty of Trianon | 4 June 1920 | |||
| Area | |||||
| - | 1910 | 9,716 km2 (3,751 sq mi) | |||
| Population | |||||
| - | 1910 | 357,700 | |||
| Density | 36.8 /km2 (95.4 /sq mi) | ||||
| Today part of | Ukraine, Romania | ||||
| Sighetu Marmaţiei is the current name of the capital. | |||||
Máramaros (Romanian: Maramureş; Rusyn: Мараморош / Maramorosh, Мараморыш / Maramorŷsh; Ukrainian: Мармарощина – Marmaroshchyna; Latin: Marmatia) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in north-western Romania and western Ukraine. The capital of the county was Máramarossziget (Hungarian, Sighetu Marmaţiei in Romania).
Geography
Máramaros county shared borders with the Austrian crownlands Galicia (now in Poland and Ukraine) and Bukovina (now in Romania and Ukraine) and the Hungarian counties Bereg, Ugocsa, Szatmár, Szolnok-Doboka and Beszterce-Naszód. It was situated on both sides of the river Tisza, and in the Carpathian mountains. Its area was 9720 km² around 1910.
History
In 1920 after the Treaty of Trianon, the northern part of the county became part of newly formed Czechoslovakia. The southern part (including Sighetu Marmației) became part of Romania.
During World War II, the Czechoslovak part was occupied by Hungary under the First Vienna Award. The county Máramaros was recreated, with Khust/Huszt as capital. The Romanian part was from 1940 to 1944 a part of Hungary. After World War II, the formerly Czechoslovak part of Máramaros county became part of the Soviet Union, Ukrainian SSR, Zakarpattia Oblast. Since 1991, when the Soviet Union split up, the Zakarpattya region is part of Ukraine.
The southern part of the county is now part of the Romanian judeţul Maramureş.
Demographics
1900
In 1900, the county had a population of 309,598 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:[1]
Total:
- Ruthenian: 143,621 (46.4%)
- Romanian: 74,978 (24.2%)
- German: 47,449 (15.3%)
- Hungarian: 42,403 (13.7%)
- Slovak: 545 (0.2%)
- Croatian: 79 (0.0%)
- Serbian: 4 (0.0%)
- Other or unknown: 519 (0.2%)
According to the census of 1900, the county was composed of the following religious communities:[2]
Total:
- Greek Catholic: 220,817 (71.3%)
- Jewish: 56,006 (18.1%)
- Roman Catholic: 23,430 (7.6%)
- Calvinist: 8,918 (2.9%)
- Lutheran: 310 (0.1%)
- Greek Orthodox: 88 (0.0%)
- Unitarian: 24 (0.0%)
- Other or unknown: 5 (0.0%)
1910
In 1910, the county had a population of 357,705 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:[3]
Total:
- Ruthenian: 159,489 (44.6%)
- Romanian: 84,510 (23.6%)
- German: 59,552 (16.7%)
- Hungarian: 52,964 (14.8%)
- Slovak: 503 (0.1%)
- Croatian: 41 (0.0%)
- Serbian: 6 (0.0%)
- Other or unknown: 640 (0.2%)
According to the census of 1910, the county was composed of the following religious communities:[4]
Total:
- Greek Catholic: 254,215 (71.1%)
- Jewish: 65,694 (18.4%)
- Roman Catholic: 26,204 (7.3%)
- Calvinist: 9,646 (2.7%)
- Greek Orthodox: 1,437 (0.4%)
- Lutheran: 464 (0.1%)
- Unitarian: 42 (0.0%)
- Other or unknown: 3 (0.0%)
Subdivisions
In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Máramaros county were:
| Districts (járás) | |
|---|---|
| District | Capital |
| Dolha | Dolha, UA Dovhe |
| Huszt | Huszt, UA Khust |
| Izavölgy | Dragomérfalva, RO Dragomireşti |
| Ökörmező | Ökörmező, UA Mizhhir'ya |
| Sugatag | Aknasugatag, RO Ocna Şugatag |
| Sziget | Máramarossziget, RO Sighetu Marmaţiei |
| Taracviz | Taracköz, UA Teresva |
| Técső | Técső, UA Tiachiv |
| Tiszavölgy | Rahó, UA Rakhiv |
| Visó | Felsővisó, RO Vişeu de Sus |
| Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város) | |
| Máramarossziget, RO Sighetu Marmaţiei | |
Rakhiv, Teresva, Tiachiv, Khust, Dovhe and Mizhhir'ya are now in Ukraine; Sighetu Marmaţiei, Ocna Şugatag, Dragomireşti and Vişeu de Sus are now in Romania.
References
- ↑ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 2012-06-26.
- ↑ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 2012-06-26.
- ↑ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 2012-06-26.
- ↑ "KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 2012-06-26.
