Lymphotoxin alpha

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lymphotoxin alpha (TNF superfamily, member 1)

PDB rendering based on 1tnr.
Available structures
PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB
Identifiers
SymbolsLTA; LT; TNFB; TNFSF1
External IDsOMIM: 153440 MGI: 104797 HomoloGene: 497 ChEMBL: 2059 GeneCards: LTA Gene
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez404916992
EnsemblENSG00000173503ENSMUSG00000024402
UniProtP01374P09225
RefSeq (mRNA)NM_000595NM_010735
RefSeq (protein)NP_000586NP_034865
Location (UCSC)Chr 6:
31.54 – 31.54 Mb
Chr 17:
35.2 – 35.21 Mb
PubMed search

Lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-alpha) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LTA gene.[1][2]

Function

Lymphotoxin alpha, a member of the tumor necrosis factor family, is a cytokine produced by lymphocytes. LTA is highly inducible, secreted, and exists as homotrimeric molecule. LTA forms heterotrimers with lymphotoxin-beta, which anchors lymphotoxin-alpha to the cell surface. LTA mediates a large variety of inflammatory, immunostimulatory, and antiviral responses. LTA is also involved in the formation of secondary lymphoid organs during development and plays a role in apoptosis.[3]

In LTα knockout mice, all Peyer's patches and lymph nodes will fail to develop indicating LTα's importance in immunological development.[4]

Interactions

Lymphotoxin alpha has been shown to interact with LTB.[5][6][7]

See also

References

  1. Nedwin GE, Naylor SL, Sakaguchi AY, Smith D, Jarrett-Nedwin J, Pennica D, Goeddel DV, Gray PW (November 1985). "Human lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor genes: structure, homology and chromosomal localization". Nucleic Acids Res 13 (17): 6361–6373. doi:10.1093/nar/13.17.6361. PMC 321958. PMID 2995927. 
  2. Aggarwal BB, Eessalu TE, Hass PE (February 1986). "Characterization of receptors for human tumour necrosis factor and their regulation by gamma-interferon". Nature 318 (6047): 665–7. doi:10.1038/318665a0. PMID 3001529. 
  3. "Entrez Gene: LTA lymphotoxin alpha (TNF superfamily, member 1)". 
  4. Akirav, Eitan; Liao, Shan; Ruddle, Nancy (2008). "Chapter 2: Lymphoid Tissues and Organs". In Paul, William. Fundamental Immunology (Book) (6th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 27–55. ISBN 0-7817-6519-6. 
  5. Williams-Abbott, L; Walter B N, Cheung T C, Goh C R, Porter A G, Ware C F (August 1997). "The lymphotoxin-alpha (LTalpha) subunit is essential for the assembly, but not for the receptor specificity, of the membrane-anchored LTalpha1beta2 heterotrimeric ligand". J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 272 (31): 19451–19456. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.31.19451. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 9235946. 
  6. Browning, J L; Sizing I D, Lawton P, Bourdon P R, Rennert P D, Majeau G R, Ambrose C M, Hession C, Miatkowski K, Griffiths D A, Ngam-ek A, Meier W, Benjamin C D, Hochman P S (October 1997). "Characterization of lymphotoxin-alpha beta complexes on the surface of mouse lymphocytes". J. Immunol. (UNITED STATES) 159 (7): 3288–98. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 9317127. 
  7. Browning, J L; Dougas I, Ngam-ek A, Bourdon P R, Ehrenfels B N, Miatkowski K, Zafari M, Yampaglia A M, Lawton P, Meier W (January 1995). "Characterization of surface lymphotoxin forms. Use of specific monoclonal antibodies and soluble receptors". J. Immunol. (UNITED STATES) 154 (1): 33–46. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 7995952. 

Further reading


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike; additional terms may apply for the media files.