Lydenburg
| Lydenburg | |
|---|---|
 | |
  Lydenburg Lydenburg shown within South Africa
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| Coordinates: 25°05′46″S 30°26′46″E / 25.096°S 30.446°ECoordinates: 25°05′46″S 30°26′46″E / 25.096°S 30.446°E | |
| Country | South Africa |
| Province | Mpumalanga |
| District | Ehlanzeni |
| Municipality | Thaba Chweu |
| Area[1] | |
| • Total | 17.31 km2 (6.68 sq mi) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
| • Total | 37,258 |
| • Density | 2,200/km2 (5,600/sq mi) |
| Racial makeup (2011)[1] | |
| • Black African | 75.3% |
| • Coloured | 1.4% |
| • Indian/Asian | 0.5% |
| • White | 22.5% |
| • Other | 0.3% |
| First languages (2011)[1] | |
| • Northern Sotho | 26.2% |
| • Afrikaans | 22.8% |
| • Swazi | 18.7% |
| • Zulu | 13.1% |
| • Other | 19.2% |
| Postal code (street) | 1120 |
| PO box | 1120 |
| Area code | 013 |
Lydenburg is a town in Mpumalanga, South Africa. Officially known as Mashishing, Lydenburg is situated on the Sterkspruit/Dorps River tributary of the Olifants River at the base of the Long Tom Pass. The name is derived from Dutch meaning "Town of Suffering". It has become the centre of the South African fly-fishing industry and is an agricultural and mining centre.
History
The earliest known forms of African sculpture in southern Africa dating back to AD 400 was found in the area in the late 1950s. Lydenburg was founded in 1849 by a group of Voortrekkers under the leadership of Andries Potgieter when they abandoned their previous settlement Ohrigstad (to the north) due to a malaria epidemic. The town became the capital of the Lydenburg Republic ('De Republiek Lydenburg in Zuid Afrika') in 1856 and later in 1857 joined the Republic of Utrecht but in 1860 both these republics joined the Zuid Afrikaanse Republiek (ZAR).
Lydenburg became important because it was on the wagon route to the port of Delagoa Bay (Maputo) which was free of British control. In 1871 construction of the road was started by Abraham Espag under the orders of President Thomas Francois Burgers. The first wagons arrived in Lydenburg from Delagoa Bay in 1874.
On 6 February 1873 alluvial gold was discovered and within 3 months the Lydenburg goldfields was proclaimed. The First Boer War broke out between Britain and the Transvaal Republic in 1880. A British garrison under Lieutenant Walter Hillyar Colquhoun Long (uncle of the 1st Viscount Long) took control of Lydenburg to control the goldfields. It was from here that the ill-fated 94th Regiment under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Philip Robert Anstruther marched to Pretoria. The remainder of the garrison at Lydenburg was besieged from 6 January 1881,[2] following Long's refusal to surrender the garrison on 23 December 1880.[3]
By 1910 the railway reached Lydenburg. In 1927 it became a municipality.
Name change
In June 2006 it was announced that Arts and Culture minister, Pallo Jordan, approved the name change of Lydenburg to Mashishing (meaning "long, green grass").[4] However the name still hasn't caught on. Road signs still say Lydenburg and businesses and local building such as the "Lydenburg Museum" have still kept the old name.
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Sub Place Lydenburg". Census 2011.
- ↑ M. Gough Palmer. "The Besieged Towns of the First Boer War, 1880-1881". Retrieved 15 December 2013. "The Boers took up a position two miles off on the road to Middelburg on 3 January 1881 and commenced their attack on the 6th."
- ↑ M. Gough Palmer. "The Besieged Towns of the First Boer War, 1880-1881". Retrieved 15 December 2013. "On 23 December Long was visited by Dietrich Muller who said he had been deputed by the Boer Government to demand the immediate surrender of the garrison which was refused by Long."
- ↑ http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Lydenburg-takes-on-new-name-20060906
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