Ludgershall, Wiltshire
| Ludgershall | |
 Ludgershall Castle |
|
  Ludgershall Ludgershall shown within Wiltshire | |
| Population | 3,775 |
|---|---|
| OS grid reference | SU264509 |
| Shire county | Wiltshire |
| Region | South West |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | ANDOVER |
| Postcode district | SP11 |
| Dialling code | 01264 |
| Police | Wiltshire |
| Fire | Wiltshire |
| Ambulance | Great Western |
| EU Parliament | South West England |
Ludgershall (/ˈlʌɡərʃɔːl/ LUG-ər-shawl, with a hard g) is a town and civil parish 16 miles (26 km) north east of Salisbury, Wiltshire, at grid SU264509. The population was: 535 in 1831; 1,906 in 1951; and 3,775 in 2001. Ludgershall is now officially a town.
Historical features
The entry in the Domesday Book (1086) reads as follows: "Edward of Salisbury holds Ludgershall. Alfward held it before 1066; it paid tax for one hide (about 24 acres). Land for 3 ploughs. In Lordship 2 ploughs, 3 slaves; 8 Cottagers with 1 plough. Pasture 3 furlongs long and 1 furlong wide; woodland ½ league long and 2 furlongs wide. The value was 100 shillings
Ludgershall was originally called "Litlegarsele", often rendered as "lytel", small and "garsheath", a grassy place thus a "small grazing area" or "little grass heath".
In 1141 the Empress Maud took refuge in Ludgershall Castle as she fled from Stephen's army. She was accompanied by Milo Fitzwalter and escaped disguised as a corpse to Vies (Devizes) and thence to Gloucester. Some 600 years later a seal was found by a ploughman, bearing a knight in armour and holding a lance shield with the inscription "Sigillum Millonis De Glocestria". It is thought Fitzwalter threw away the seal to avoid identification when he escaped as a beggar. During succeeding centuries Ludgershall Castle was occupied by many distinguished persons and royalty frequently resided there. The village grew around the castle.
The town now features the remains of this 12th-century fortified royal residence known as Ludgershall Castle. Three large walls still remain of the private residence, which was turned into a hunting lodge by Henry III but fell into disuse by the 15th century. The property is now under the care of English Heritage. Extensive earthworks remain, although a large section of the original plot is now a private residence.
Ludgershall was a parliamentary borough, which elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons from 1295 until 1832, when the borough was abolished by the Great Reform Act. The small size of Ludgershall led to it being cited as an example of a "Rotten Borough".
The remains of a Medieval preaching cross are situated in the town centre. This is also under the care of English Heritage. It was re-erected some time in the early 19th century in the area that formed the old market place, near the present Queen's Head pub at the end of High Street. It is some 12 feet in height and in 1897, to celebrate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria, an ornamental iron fence was erected around the cross. The cross has carved representations on four sides but they are badly eroded. It is thought the original sculptured panels represented:
- North side - The Ascencion
- South side - The three Marys
- East side - The Crucifixion
- West side - Command to St Paul
The railings were designed by A. H. Huth and bear a crown in each corner. A local Masonic lodge, The Border Lodge no.3129,consecrated in 1905 and meeting at the old Prince of Wales House hotel building, uses the preaching cross as its emblem.
Biddesden House, now a Grade I listed house and home to an Arabian Horse stud farm, is described, in the Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales (1870-72)[1], as being the chief residence of the parish of Ludgershall. Biddesden is now a small hamlet to the east of Ludgershall, which is reached via Faberstown along Biddesden Lane. Biddesden is on the Hampshire/Wiltshire border and while most of Biddesden is in Wiltshire, Biddesden Bottom, the site of the Ludgershall Roman Villa, and the public footpath sign thereto [2], are in Hampshire.
M.o.D. Ludgershall
During World War II, Army depots were built to the north and south of Tidworth Road and a fire station opened in High Street. A senior school also opened near the Ludgershall boundary with Tidworth. The War Office transferred the Army Medical Store to a site west of the railway station, with the stores were rebuilt in 1971 and 1982. In 1943 a railway line from the army depot south of Tidworth Road was built to join the Ludgershall to Tidworth line that had been opened in 1901. The U.S. Army prepared vehicles for the invasion of Europe at the depot in 1943.[3]
Ludgershall railway station closed in 1961 along with the northern section of the Midland and South Western Junction Railway to Swindon, the southern section to Andover remains open to allow the British Army to transport tanks and other equipment to and from the depot and onwards to Salisbury Plain. The town is now host to 26 Engineer Regiment, Royal Engineers based at the depot, the barracks area is named 'Corunna Barracks' (after the 1809 Battle of Corunna of the Peninsular War where Sir John Moore fell in battle. Corunna is the anglicised form of La Coruña; the city is perhaps well known for the football team Deportivo La Coruna). This site is host to a large number of warehouses which are able to hold hundreds of vehicles ranging from Land Rovers to heavily armoured vehicles. The 'test tracks' and old parade ground behind the site are now used for vehicle storage, army exercises and practice driving areas by the local residents.
County confusion
A common misconception is that the town is situated in the county of Hampshire rather than Wiltshire. This problem is compounded by the postal code of SP11 and telephone dialling code of 01264 which both signify it to be in Andover, Hampshire. This confusion is perpetuated by companies using automatic addressing systems based upon the post code. The local newspaper is the Andover Advertiser - based in Hampshire.
Faberstown
At the beginning of the 20th century, a local MP, Walter Faber, began building to the east of the town, actually in Hampshire. This settlement became known as Faberstown. By 1970, Ludgershall and Faberstown were in essence a single village, although in separate counties. A boundary change in 1992 took the entire village into Wiltshire.[citation needed]
The modern town
The town of Ludgershall has developed considerably over the years and is now an important town supporting a number of flourishing businesses and a considerable amount of housing. It is likely to expand further over the next several years with the current proposals for a new business park on 33 acres (130,000 m2) on the outskirts of the town,[4] and the redevelopment of former MoD properties in the area.[5] The community is well provided for in terms of entertainment and shops with two pubs and social clubs, a number of small independent traders, and two supermarket chains.
References
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ludgershall, Wiltshire. |
- Ludgershall, Wiltshire on the Open Directory Project
- Ludgershall Concise History
- History of Ludgershall castle and cross: English Heritage