Louis Harold Gray

Louis Harold Gray
Born	(1905-11-10)November 10, 1905
Died	July 9, 1965(1965-07-09) (aged 59)
Known for	Bragg–Gray cavity theory Gray (unit)
Notable awards	Fellow of the Royal Society[1]
Author abbreviation (botany)	The standard author abbreviation L.H.Gray is used to indicate this individual as the author when citing a botanical name.[2]

Louis Harold Gray (10 November 1905 – 9 July 1965) was a British physicist who worked mainly on the effects of radiation on biological systems, inventing the field of radiobiology as he went. A summary of his work is given below. Amongst many other achievements, he defined a unit of radiation dosage which was later named after him as an SI unit, the Gray.^[3][4]

Career

• 1933 - Hospital physicist at Mount Vernon Hospital, London
• 1936 - Developed the Bragg-Gray equation, the basis for the cavity ionization method of measuring gamma-ray energy absorption by materials
• 1937 - Built an early neutron generator at Mount Vernon Hospital
• 1938 - Studied biological effects of neutrons using the generator
• 1940 - Developed concept of RBE (Relative Biological Effectiveness) of doses of neutrons
• 1952 - Initiated research into cells in hypoxic tumors and hyperbaric oxygen
• 1953 - Established the Gray Laboratory at Mount Vernon Hospital
• 1953 - 1960 - Under Gray's direction, Jack W. Boag developed pulse radiolysis
• 1962 - Ed Hart, of Argonne National Laboratory, and Jack Boag discovered the hydrated electron using pulse radiolysis at the Gray Laboratory - This discovery initiated a new direction of research that is still very active today and is vital for understanding the effects of radiation on biological tissue, for instance in cancer treatment.

References

External links

• Definition of RBE
• The LH Gray Memorial Trust founded in 1967
• Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology

v t e Scientists whose names are used as SI units Base units André-Marie Ampère William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin Derived units Henri Becquerel Anders Celsius Charles-Augustin de Coulomb Michael Faraday Louis Harold Gray Joseph Henry Heinrich Hertz James Prescott Joule Isaac Newton Georg Ohm Blaise Pascal Werner von Siemens Rolf Maximilian Sievert Nikola Tesla Alessandro Volta James Watt Wilhelm Eduard Weber See also Scientists whose names are used as non SI units Scientists whose names are used in physical constants

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Persondata
Name	Gray, Louis Harold
Alternative names
Short description	British physicist
Date of birth	10 November 1905
Place of birth
Date of death	9 July 1965
Place of death