Lithobates

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Lithobates
Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Ranidae
Genus: Lithobates
Type species
Rana palmipes
Spix, 1824
Species

Many, see text.

Lithobates is a group of true frogs, of the family Ranidae. It has been defined as a separate genus. The name was defined by Hillis et al. for a subgenus of four Central and South American frogs within the genus Rana:[1][2] The name is derived from litho- (‘stone’) and the Greek bates (βάτης, ‘one who treads’), meaning ‘who treads on rock’ or ‘rock climber’.[3][4]

The name was later used by Frost et al. as the name of a separate genus of ranid frogs that also includes most of the North American frogs traditionally included in the genus Rana,[5] including the American bullfrog and Northern leopard frog. Frost used the name in this sense in the frog section of a North American common names list edited by Crother (2008).[6] This proposed change has since been rejected by others, such as Stuart (2008)[7] and Pauly et al. (2009).[8] AmphibiaWeb,[9] an online compendium of amphibian names, also does not recognize Lithobates as a distinct genus but Amphibian Species of the World 5.6, an Online Reference has accepted this genus as valid.[10]

Species

Listed alphabetically.

  • Lithobates areolatus (Baird and Girard, 1852) – Crawfish Frog
  • Lithobates berlandieri (Baird, 1859) – Rio Grande Leopard Frog
  • Lithobates blairi (Mecham, Littlejohn, Oldham, Brown, and Brown, 1973) – Plains Leopard Frog
  • Lithobates brownorum (Sanders, 1973)
  • Lithobates bwana (Hillis and de Sá, 1988) – Rio Chipillico frog
  • Lithobates capito (LeConte, 1855) – Carolina Gopher Frog
  • Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw, 1802) – Bullfrog
  • Lithobates chichicuahutla (Cuellar, Méndez-De La Cruz, and Villagrán-Santa Cruz, 1996)
  • Lithobates chiricahuensis (Platz and Mecham, 1979) – Chiricahua Leopard Frog
  • Lithobates clamitans (Latreille, 1801) – Green frog, Bronze frog, Northern green frog
  • Lithobates dunni (Zweifel, 1957)
  • †Lithobates fisheri (Stejneger, 1893) – Las Vegas Valley Leopard Frog
  • Lithobates forreri (Boulenger, 1883) – Forrer's Grass Frog
  • Lithobates grylio (Stejneger, 1901) – Pig Frog
  • Lithobates heckscheri (Wright, 1924) – River Frog
  • Lithobates johni (Blair, 1965)
  • Lithobates juliani (Hillis and de Sá, 1988) – Maya Mountains frog
  • Lithobates lemosespinali (Smith and Chiszar, 2003)
  • Lithobates macroglossa (Brocchi, 1877)
  • Lithobates maculatus (Brocchi, 1877)
  • Lithobates magnaocularis (Frost and Bagnara, 1974)
  • Lithobates megapoda (Taylor, 1942)
  • Lithobates miadis (Barbour and Loveridge, 1929)
  • Lithobates montezumae (Baird, 1854)
  • Lithobates neovolcanicus (Hillis and Frost, 1985)
  • Lithobates okaloosae (Moler, 1985) – Florida Bog Frog
  • Lithobates omiltemanus (Günther, 1900)
  • Lithobates onca (Cope, 1875) – Relict Leopard Frog
  • Lithobates palmipes (Spix, 1824) – Amazon River frog
  • Lithobates palustris (LeConte, 1825) – Pickerel Frog
  • Lithobates pipiens (Schreber, 1782) – Northern Leopard Frog
  • Lithobates psilonota (Webb, 2001)
  • Lithobates pueblae (Zweifel, 1955)
  • Lithobates pustulosus (Boulenger, 1883)
  • Lithobates septentrionalis (Baird, 1854) – Mink Frog
  • Lithobates sevosus (Goin and Netting, 1940) – Dusky Gopher Frog
  • Lithobates sierramadrensis (Taylor, 1939)
  • Lithobates spectabilis (Hillis and Frost, 1985)
  • Lithobates sphenocephalus (Cope, 1886) – Southern Leopard Frog
  • Lithobates sylvaticus (LeConte, 1825) – Wood Frog
  • Lithobates tarahumarae (Boulenger, 1917) – Tarahumara Frog
  • Lithobates taylori (Smith, 1959) – Peralta Frog
  • Lithobates tlaloci (Hillis and Frost, 1985)
  • Lithobates vaillanti (Brocchi, 1877) – Vaillant's frog
  • Lithobates vibicarius (Cope, 1894)
  • Lithobates virgatipes (Cope, 1891) – Carpenter Frog
  • Lithobates warszewitschii (Schmidt, 1857)
  • Lithobates yavapaiensis (Platz and Frost, 1984) – Lowland Leopard Frog
  • Lithobates zweifeli (Hillis, Frost, and Webb, 1984)
  • Incertae sedis: Rana missuriensis Wied-Neuwied, 1839

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Hillis & Wilcox (2005)
  2. ↑ Hillis (2007)
  3. ↑ Dodd, C. Kenneth (2013). Frogs of the United States and Canada 1. The Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 20. ISBN 978-1-4214-0633-6. 
  4. ↑ βάτης. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project ‘one that treads or covers’
  5. ↑ Frost (2006), Frost et al. (2006)
  6. ↑ Crother (2008)
  7. ↑ Stuart (2008)
  8. ↑ Pauly et al. (2009)
  9. ↑ Rana, AmphibiaWeb
  10. ↑ Lithobates, American Museum of Natural History.

References

  • AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. 2012. Berkeley, California: Rana. AmphibiaWeb, available at http://amphibiaweb.org/. (Accessed: August 20, 2012).
  • Crother, B.I. (ed.) (2008): Scientific and standard English names of amphibians and reptiles of North American north of Mexico - . SSAR Herptological Circular 37:1-84.
  • Frost, Darrel R. (2006): Amphibian Species of the World Version 3 - Petropedetidae Noble, 1931. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. Retrieved 2006-AUG-05.
  • Frost, Darrel R. et al. (2006): The amphibian tree of life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. Number 297. New York.
  • Hillis, David M. (2007) Constraints in naming parts of the Tree of Life. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 42: 331–338. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.08.001 PMID 16997582 PDF fulltext
  • Hillis, David M. & Wilcox, Thomas P. (2005) Phylogeny of the New World true frogs (Rana). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 34: 299–314. PDF fulltext
  • Pauly, Greg B., Hillis, David M. & Cannatella, David C. (2009): Taxonomic freedom and the role of official lists of species names. Herpetologica 65: 115-128. PDF fulltext
  • Stuart, Bryan L. (2008): The phylogenetic problem of Huia (Amphibia: Ranidae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 46(1): 49-60. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.09.016 (HTMl abstract)


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