Litchfield, Connecticut

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Litchfield, Connecticut
Town

Seal
Location in Litchfield County, Connecticut
Coordinates: 41°44′50″N 73°11′23″W / 41.74722°N 73.18972°W / 41.74722; -73.18972Coordinates: 41°44′50″N 73°11′23″W / 41.74722°N 73.18972°W / 41.74722; -73.18972
Country United States
State Connecticut
NECTA None
Region Litchfield Hills
Incorporated 1719[1]
Government
 • Type Selectman-town meeting
 • First selectman Leo Paul, Jr.
Area
 • Total 56.8 sq mi (147.1 km2)
 • Land 56.1 sq mi (145.2 km2)
 • Water 0.7 sq mi (1.9 km2)
Elevation 495 ft (151 m)
Population (2005)[2]
 • Total 8,684
 • Density 155/sq mi (60/km2)
Time zone Eastern (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) Eastern (UTC-4)
ZIP code 06750, 06759
Area code(s) 860
FIPS code 09-43370
GNIS feature ID 0213452
Website http://www.townoflitchfield.org/Pages/index

Litchfield is a town in and former county seat of Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States,[3] and is known as an affluent summer resort. The population was 8,466 at the 2010 census. The boroughs of Bantam and Litchfield are located within the town. There are also three unincorporated villages: East Litchfield East Litchfield Village, Litchfield, Connecticut, Northfield and Milton.

History

Founded in 1719,[4] Litchfield was designated the county seat in 1751, and by the 1790s the town had become the leading commercial, social, cultural and legal center of Northwestern Connecticut. Its population grew from 1,366 in 1756 to 2,544 in 1774, and by 1810 Litchfield was the fourth largest settlement in the state with a population of 4,639.[5]

Beginning in 1784, Litchfield lawyer, Tapping Reeve, systematized his law lectures for young students, creating the Litchfield Law School. Reeve was the first to develop a series of formal, regular lectures that insured that all students had access to the same body of knowledge. Among those who attended was David Sherman Boardman, a prominent nineteenth-century lawyer and judge in the county. Litchfield Law School was the first Law School in the United States.

Established in 1792, Sarah Pierce's Litchfield Female Academy was one of the first major educational institutions for women in the United States.

Harriet Beecher Stowe, Henry Ward Beecher, Charles Beecher, Edward Beecher, Isabella Beecher Hooker, and Catharine Beecher all grew up in Litchfield where their father, Lyman Beecher was the Presbyterian minister from 1810-1826.[6]

During its "Golden Age" (1784–1834) Litchfield had an unusual number of college educated inhabitants. In 1791 Samuel Miles Hopkins, a student at the Litchfield Law School, described Litchfield in his journal as a town of "hard, active, reading, thinking, intelligent men who may probably be set forth as a pattern of the finest community on earth."[5]

Litchfield's fortunes declined during the later years of the nineteenth century. The town did not have the ample water supply and rail transportation necessary to establish industry and the village became a sleepy backwater. Rediscovered as a resort community in the late nineteenth century Litchfield became a popular spot for vacation, weekend and summer homes. The town embraced the Colonial Revival movement and by the early Century many of the homes began to sport the white paint and black shutters seen today.[5]

Geography

Located southwest of Torrington, it also includes part of Bantam Lake. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 56.8 square miles (147.1 km²), of which, 56.1 square miles (145.2 km²) of it is land and 0.7 square miles (1.9 km²) of it (1.27%) is water.

Litchfield is about 150 km (93 mi) from Central Park in New York, about 80 km (50 mi) from the Hudson River valley, and about 60 km (37 mi) from the nearest sea coast, on Long Island Sound.

Principal communities

Demographics

See also: List of Connecticut locations by per capita income
Historical population of
Litchfield[7][8][9]
1830 4,456
1840 4,038
1850 3,953
1860 3,200
1870 3,113
1880 3,410
1890 3,304
1900 3,214
1910 3,005
1920 3,180
1930 3,574
1940 4,029
1950 4,964
1960 6,264
1970 7,399
1980 7,605
1990 8,365
2000 8,316

As of the census[10] of 2000, there were 8,316 people, 3,310 households, and 2,303 families residing in the town. The population density was 148.4 people per square mile (57.3/km²). There were 3,629 housing units at an average density of 64.7 per square mile (25.0/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 96.99% White, 0.75% Black or African American, 0.23% Native American, 0.47% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.46% from other races, and 1.09% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.56% of the population.

There were 3,310 households out of which 31.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.9% were married couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.4% were non-families. 26.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the town the population was spread out with 25.2% under the age of 18, 3.6% from 18 to 24, 25.6% from 25 to 44, 28.6% from 45 to 64, and 17.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 92.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $58,418, and the median income for a family was $70,594. Males had a median income of $50,284 versus $31,787 for females. The per capita income for the town was $30,096. About 2.8% of families and 4.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.6% of those under age 18 and 5.2% of those age 65 or over.

Voter registration and party enrollment as of October 25, 2005[11]
Party Active voters Inactive voters Total voters Percentage
  Republican 2,044 90 2,134 33.59%
  Democratic 1,384 67 1,451 22.84%
  Unaffiliated 2,596 165 2,761 43.45%
  Minor Parties 8 0 8 0.13%
Total 6,032 322 6,354 100%

Transportation

Route 202 is the main east-west road connecting Bantam and Litchfield center to the city of Torrington. Route 63 runs north-south through the town center. The Route 8 expressway runs along the town line with Harwinton. It can be accessed from the town center via Route 118. The town is also served by buses from the Northwestern Connecticut Transit District connecting to the city of Torrington.

Notable people

On the National Register of Historic Places

Ethan Allen birthplace in Litchfield
  • Capt. William Bull Tavern — CT 202 (added July 30, 1983)
  • Henry B. Bissell House — 202 Maple St. (added October 7, 1990)
  • J. Howard Catlin House — 14 Knife Shop Rd. (added September 6, 1993) (Since demolished)
  • Litchfield Historic District — Roughly both sides of North and South Sts. between Gallows Lane and Prospect St. (added December 24, 1968)
  • Milton Historic District (added March 14, 1978)
  • Northfield Knife Company Site (added May 8, 1997)
  • Oliver Wolcott House — South St. (added December 11, 1971)
  • Rye House — 122-132 Old Mount Tom Rd. (added September 10, 2000)
  • Tapping Reeve House and Law School — South St. (added November 15, 1966)
  • Topsmead — 25 and 46 Chase Rd. (added December 19, 1993)

See also

See also: List of newspapers in Connecticut in the 18th-century: Litchfield

Litchfield County Jail, 1907

References

  1. ↑ "Litchfield Connecticut". City-Data.com. Retrieved November 4, 2012. 
  2. ↑ U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates
  3. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07. 
  4. ↑ "Litchfield Connecticut". City-Data.com. Retrieved November 4, 2012. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 A Brief History of Litchfield, courtesy of the Litchfield Historical Society.
  6. ↑ Lyman Beecher and the Beecher Family.
  7. ↑
  8. ↑
  9. ↑
  10. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
  11. ↑ "Registration and Party Enrollment Statistics as of October 25, 2005" (PDF). Connecticut Secretary of State. Archived from the original on 2006-09-23. Retrieved 2006-10-02. 
  12. ↑ "ADAMS, Andrew, (1736 - 1797)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved November 4, 2012. 
  13. ↑ Skinner, Charles. "Bell Casting in Troy". Meneeley Bell online Museum. Retrieved 12 July 2013. 
  14. ↑ "HOLMES, Uriel, (1764 - 1827)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved November 4, 2012. 
  15. ↑ "MINER, Phineas, (1777 - 1839)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved November 4, 2012. 
  16. ↑ "PHELPS, Samuel Shethar, (1793 - 1855)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved November 4, 2012. 
  17. ↑ "Madeleine L'Engle". IMDb. Retrieved November 4, 2012. 
  18. ↑ "Connecticut Governor Oliver Wolcott Jr.publisher=National Governors Association". Retrieved November 4, 2012. 
  19. ↑ "TALLMADGE, Benjamin, (1754 - 1835)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved November 4, 2012. 

Further reading

  • Carley, Rachel. Litchfield: The Making of a New England Town (Litchfield: Litchfield Historical Society, 2011). 303 pp.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Litchfield, Connecticut.


Hartford (capital)
Topics
Society
Regions
Counties
Cities
Places
Municipalities and communities of Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States
Consolidated city
Towns
Non-consolidated city
  • Winsted (Inactive city government)
Boroughs
Other
communities
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike; additional terms may apply for the media files.