List of National Historic Landmarks in South Carolina

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This is a List of National Historic Landmarks in South Carolina, United States. The United States' National Historic Landmark (NHL) program is operated under the auspices of the National Park Service, and recognizes buildings, sites, structures, districts, and objects according to a list of criteria of national significance.[1] There are 76 NHLs in South Carolina and 3 additional National Park Service-administered areas of primarily historic importance.[2]

Architects whose work is recognized by two or more separate NHLs in the state are:

These tallies do not include any buildings that are contributing properties within historic districts unless they are also individually designated as NHLs.

There are five places listed for their association with artists and writers.[7]

There are four World War II-era museum ships; all are located at Patriot's Point in Charleston Harbor.

Current NHLs in South Carolina

The 76 NHLs in South Carolina are distributed across 16 of the 46 counties in the state; 42 of the 76 are located in Charleston County.

[8] Landmark name[2] Image Date designated[2] Locality[2][9] County[2] Description[9]
1 William Aiken House and Associated Railroad Structures November 4, 1963 Charleston
32°47′21″N 79°56′15″W / 32.789167°N 79.9375°W / 32.789167; -79.9375 (William Aiken House and Associated Railroad Structures)
Charleston Structures of South Carolina Canal and Railroad Company, the longest operating railroad in the world in 1833, and home of founder William Aiken
2 Atalaya and Brookgreen Gardens October 5, 1992 Murrells Inlet
33°30′50″N 79°05′07″W / 33.513889°N 79.085278°W / 33.513889; -79.085278 (Atalaya and Brookgreen Gardens)
Georgetown Landmark combining Atalaya and portions of Brookgreen Gardens associated with artist Anna Hyatt Huntington
3 Beaufort Historic District November 7, 1973 Beaufort
32°26′08″N 80°40′04″W / 32.435556°N 80.667778°W / 32.435556; -80.667778 (Beaufort Historic District)
Beaufort
4 Bethesda Presbyterian Church February 4, 1985 Camden
34°14′48″N 80°36′19″W / 34.246589°N 80.605213°W / 34.246589; -80.605213 (Bethesda Presbyterian Church)
Kershaw Church designed by Robert Mills
5 William Blacklock House November 7, 1973 Charleston
32°46′59″N 79°56′22″W / 32.782927°N 79.939353°W / 32.782927; -79.939353 (Blacklock, William, House)
Charleston Adamesque house, possibly designed by Gabriel Manigault
6 Borough House June 7, 1988 Stateburg
33°57′14″N 80°32′16″W / 33.953889°N 80.537778°W / 33.953889; -80.537778 (Borough House)
Sumter "The oldest and largest collection of 'high style' pise de terre (rammed earth) buildings in the United States". Across the road from Church of the Holy Cross
7 Miles Brewton House October 9, 1960 Charleston
32°46′20″N 79°55′56″W / 32.772131°N 79.932201°W / 32.772131; -79.932201 (Brewton, Miles, House)
Charleston Fine examples of a "double house" (having four main rooms per floor) in Charleston
8 Robert Brewton House October 9, 1960 Charleston
32°46′28″N 79°55′45″W / 32.774388°N 79.929041°W / 32.774388; -79.929041 (Brewton, Robert, House)
Charleston Charleston's oldest dated "single" house (one room wide, with the narrow end toward the street, and entry centered in long side)
9 Brick House Ruins April 15, 1970 Edisto Island
32°35′59″N 80°19′32″W / 32.599774°N 80.325420°W / 32.599774; -80.325420 (Brick House Ruin)
Charleston Ruins of a plantation house that burned in 1929
10 Burt-Stark Mansion October 5, 1992 Abbeville
34°10′49″N 82°22′55″W / 34.180317°N 82.382023°W / 34.180317; -82.382023 (Burt, Armistead, House)
Abbeville Where the American Civil War ended.
11 Camden Battlefield January 20, 1961 Camden
34°20′47″N 80°36′27″W / 34.346389°N 80.6075°W / 34.346389; -80.6075 (Camden Battlefield)
Kershaw Site of Battle of Camden, British victory in 1780
12 Chapelle Administration Building December 8, 1976 Columbia
34°00′37″N 81°01′15″W / 34.010263°N 81.020966°W / 34.010263; -81.020966 (Chapelle Administration Building)
Richland Allen University building designed by John A. Lankford, "dean of black architecture"
13 Charlesfort-Santa Elena Site January 3, 2001 Parris Island
32°18′23″N 80°40′32″W / 32.306389°N 80.675556°W / 32.306389; -80.675556 (Charlesfort-Santa Elena Site)
Beaufort Archeological site of French fort built in 1562 and Spanish forts built in 1566 and after.
14 Charleston Historic District October 9, 1960 Charleston
32°47′08″N 79°56′13″W / 32.785556°N 79.936944°W / 32.785556; -79.936944 (Charleston Historic District)
Charleston Historic district including 81 contributing properties and 700 others.
15 Church of the Holy Cross November 7, 1973 Stateburg
33°57′39″N 80°31′55″W / 33.960744°N 80.531944°W / 33.960744; -80.531944 (Holy Cross Episcopal Church)
Sumter Gothic Revival Church constructed of rammed earth in 1852. Across the road from Borough House
16 USS CLAMAGORE June 29, 1989 Mount Pleasant
32°47′16″N 79°54′28″W / 32.787883°N 79.907744°W / 32.787883; -79.907744 (USS CLAMAGORE (Submarine))
Charleston A submarine that was in training when World War II ended
17 Coker Experimental Farms July 19, 1964 Hartsville
34°21′47″N 80°03′35″W / 34.363056°N 80.059722°W / 34.363056; -80.059722 (Coker Experimental Farm)
Darlington Site of crop-improvement experiments that "played a great role in the agricultural revolution of the South"
18 College of Charleston November 11, 1971 Charleston
32°47′03″N 79°56′17″W / 32.784167°N 79.938056°W / 32.784167; -79.938056 (College of Charleston)
Charleston Historic and attractive campus center; Randolph Hall, Towell Library, and Gate Lodge completed by 1856, designed by William Strickland, Edward Brickell White, and George E. Walker
19 Drayton Hall October 9, 1960 Charleston
32°52′15″N 80°04′35″W / 32.8709°N 80.0763°W / 32.8709; -80.0763 (Drayton Hall)
Charleston Plantation house built in 1742 of Palladian architectural style
20 Exchange and Provost November 7, 1973 Charleston
32°46′37″N 79°55′37″W / 32.776842°N 79.927009°W / 32.776842; -79.927009 (Exchange And Provost)
Charleston Variously a customhouse, mercantile exchange, military prison and barracks, post office, and meeting place of the 1790 State Legislature
21 Farmers' and Exchange Bank November 7, 1973 Charleston
32°46′39″N 79°55′37″W / 32.777435°N 79.926964°W / 32.777435; -79.926964 (Farmers' And Exchange Bank)
Charleston A unique Moorish-style bank building built in 1854
22 Fig Island March 29, 2007 Charleston
32°34′13″N 80°12′55″W / 32.5703°N 80.2153°W / 32.5703; -80.2153 (Fig Island)
Charleston Archaeological site that is "one of the most complex shell-ring sites" in the United States
23 Fireproof Building November 7, 1969 Charleston
32°46′37″N 79°55′52″W / 32.776923°N 79.931052°W / 32.776923; -79.931052 (Fireproof Building)
Charleston Designed by Robert Mills to be the most fireproof building in America; now the South Carolina Historical Society building.
24 First Baptist Church November 7, 1973 Columbia
34°00′21″N 81°02′00″W / 34.005864°N 81.033450°W / 34.005864; -81.033450 (First Baptist Church (Columbia))
Richland Where the American Civil War started, with the secession of South Carolina from the Union.
25 Fort Hill (John C. Calhoun House) December 19, 1960 Clemson
34°40′34″N 82°50′21″W / 34.675976°N 82.839208°W / 34.675976; -82.839208 (Fort Hill (John C. Calhoun House))
Pickens Home of John C. Calhoun, now within Clemson University campus.
26 William Gibbes House April 15, 1970 Charleston
32°46′15″N 79°56′04″W / 32.770701°N 79.934493°W / 32.770701; -79.934493 (Gibbes, William, House)
Charleston Adamesque style home with a beautiful ballroom, and exceptional wrought iron work and marble steps in front
27 Graniteville Historic District June 2, 1978 Graniteville
33°24′03″N 81°48′24″W / 33.400833°N 81.806667°W / 33.400833; -81.806667 (Graniteville Historic District)
Aiken Textile mill town with Gothic revival church and carpenter gothic homes
28 Hampton Plantation April 15, 1970 McClellanville
33°11′54″N 79°26′16″W / 33.198333°N 79.437778°W / 33.198333; -79.437778 (Hampton Plantation)
Charleston "South Carolina's finest example of a large two-and-a-half frame Georgian plantation house"
29 Dubose Heyward House November 11, 1971 Charleston
32°46′29″N 79°55′45″W / 32.774663°N 79.929029°W / 32.774663; -79.929029 (Heyward, Dubose, House)
Charleston Home of Dubose Heyward, author of the novel Porgy.
30 Heyward-Washington House April 15, 1970 Charleston
32°46′31″N 79°55′45″W / 32.775337°N 79.929125°W / 32.775337; -79.929125 (Heyward-Washington House)
Charleston Residence of George Washington during his 1792 visit to Charleston
31 Hibernian Hall November 7, 1973 Charleston
32°46′39″N 79°55′52″W / 32.777469°N 79.931148°W / 32.777469; -79.931148 (Hibernian Hall)
Charleston
32 Hopsewee November 11, 1971 Georgetown
33°12′38″N 79°23′05″W / 33.210556°N 79.384722°W / 33.210556; -79.384722 (Hopsewee)
Georgetown Plantation mansion built in 1749; the birthplace of Thomas Lynch, Jr.
33 Huguenot Church November 7, 1973 Charleston
32°46′41″N 79°55′46″W / 32.778090°N 79.929312°W / 32.778090; -79.929312 (Huguenot Church)
Charleston Gothic Revival church built in 1844; designed by architect E. B. White
34 Kahal Kadosh Beth Elohim June 19, 1980 Charleston
32°46′55″N 79°55′59″W / 32.781979°N 79.932948°W / 32.781979; -79.932948 (Kahal Kadosh Beth Elohim Synagogue)
Charleston Greek revival building from 1840; second oldest synagogue in continuous use in the United States
35 USS LAFFEY January 14, 1986 Mount Pleasant
32°47′16″N 79°54′28″W / 32.787883°N 79.907744°W / 32.787883; -79.907744 (USS LAFFEY (Destroyer))
Charleston A destroyer
36 Lancaster County Courthouse November 7, 1973 Lancaster
34°43′17″N 80°46′17″W / 34.721264°N 80.771369°W / 34.721264; -80.771369 (Lancaster County Courthouse)
Lancaster Courthouse in continuous use since 1828; designed by Robert Mills
37 Lancaster County Jail November 7, 1973 Lancaster
34°43′06″N 80°46′17″W / 34.718335°N 80.771270°W / 34.718335; -80.771270 (Lancaster County Jail)
Lancaster
38 Joseph Manigault House November 7, 1973 Charleston
32°47′19″N 79°56′08″W / 32.788703°N 79.935558°W / 32.788703; -79.935558 (Manigault, Joseph, House)
Charleston Home designed by Gabriel Manigault for his brother
39 Market Hall and Sheds November 7, 1973 Charleston
32°46′51″N 79°55′53″W / 32.780720°N 79.931515°W / 32.780720; -79.931515 (Market Hall And Sheds)
Charleston Greek Revival meat market with two blocks of sheds where vegetables, fish, etc., were sold
40 Marshlands November 7, 1973 Beaufort
32°26′01″N 80°39′57″W / 32.433520°N 80.665831°W / 32.433520; -80.665831 (Marshlands)
Beaufort Home of Dr. James Robert Verdier, who discovered a treatment for yellow fever
41 Middleburg Plantation April 15, 1970 Huger
33°04′52″N 79°50′35″W / 33.081111°N 79.843056°W / 33.081111; -79.843056 (Middleburg Plantation)
Berkeley One of the earliest frame plantation houses in the state
42 Middleton Place November 11, 1971 Summerville
32°53′59″N 80°08′12″W / 32.899722°N 80.136667°W / 32.899722; -80.136667 (Middleton Place)
Dorchester Plantation mansion and ornamental gardens on the Ashley River
43 Millford Plantation November 7, 1973 Pinewood
33°44′54″N 80°32′15″W / 33.7484°N 80.53745°W / 33.7484; -80.53745 (Millford Plantation)
Sumter A monumental 2-story Greek Revival mansion built in 1839 and meticulously restored in the early 1990s.
44 Mills Building, South Carolina State Hospital November 7, 1973 Columbia
34°00′55″N 81°02′03″W / 34.015160°N 81.034151°W / 34.015160; -81.034151 (Mills Building, South Carolina State Hospital)
Richland Designed by Robert Mills, used from 1827 to 1937; "the oldest building in the country to be used continuously as a mental institution and one of the first mental hospitals built with public funds"
45 Clark Mills Studio December 21, 1965 Charleston
32°46′36″N 79°55′46″W / 32.776597°N 79.929503°W / 32.776597; -79.929503 (Mills, Clark, Studio)
Charleston Studio of self-taught sculptor Clark Mills
46 Robert Mills House November 7, 1973 Columbia
34°00′34″N 81°01′45″W / 34.009444°N 81.029167°W / 34.009444; -81.029167 (Robert Mills House)
Richland Home designed by architect Robert Mills
47 Mulberry Plantation October 9, 1960 Moncks Corner
33°08′31″N 80°01′04″W / 33.141944°N 80.017778°W / 33.141944; -80.017778 (Mulberry Plantation (Moncks Corner))
Berkeley Built in 1714 for a Royal governor; one of the earliest plantation homes in the United States
48 Mulberry Plantation (James and Mary Boykin Chesnut House) February 16, 2000 Camden
34°12′24″N 80°35′31″W / 34.206528°N 80.591944°W / 34.206528; -80.591944 (Mulberry Plantation (James and Mary Boykin Chesnut House))
Kershaw Home of Mary Boykin Chesnut and source for her Civil War-time diary describing southern society, "acknowledged as the most important piece of Confederate literature"
49 Ninety-Six and Star Fort November 7, 1973 Ninety Six
34°08′49″N 82°01′28″W / 34.146944°N 82.024444°W / 34.146944; -82.024444 (Ninety-Six and Star Fort)
Greenwood
50 Old Marine Hospital November 7, 1973 Charleston
32°46′39″N 79°56′15″W / 32.777621°N 79.937483°W / 32.777621; -79.937483 (Old Marine Hospital)
Charleston Gothic Revival design by Robert Mills built in 1833 to serve sick sailors and other transients
51 Parish House of the Circular Congregational Church November 7, 1973 Charleston
32°46′45″N 79°55′53″W / 32.779032°N 79.931308°W / 32.779032; -79.931308 (Circular Congregational Church and Parish House)
Charleston Parish house designed by Robert Mills
52 Penn School Historic District December 2, 1974 Frogmore
32°23′18″N 80°34′31″W / 32.3883°N 80.5753°W / 32.3883; -80.5753 (Penn School Historic District)
Beaufort School for freed slaves, Gullahs, on St. Helena Island which was occupied by the Union near the outset of the American Civil War
53 Pompion Hill Chapel April 15, 1970 Huger
33°05′12″N 79°50′12″W / 33.086667°N 79.836667°W / 33.086667; -79.836667 (Pompion Hill Chapel)
Berkeley Episcopal chapel built in 1763, unaltered
54 Powder Magazine September 27, 1989 Charleston
32°46′47″N 79°55′47″W / 32.779656°N 79.929791°W / 32.779656; -79.929791 (Powder Magazine)
Charleston The oldest public building in the city
55 Joseph H. Rainey House April 20, 1984 Georgetown
33°22′07″N 79°17′02″W / 33.368607°N 79.283817°W / 33.368607; -79.283817 (Rainey, Joseph H., House)
Georgetown Home of the first black U.S. Congressman, Joseph H. Rainey, a former slave
56 Robert Barnwell Rhett House November 7, 1973 Charleston
32°47′11″N 79°56′33″W / 32.786250°N 79.942502°W / 32.786250; -79.942502 (Rhett, Robert Barnwell, House)
Charleston Home of Robert Barnwell Rhett, an extreme secessionist politician, a leading fire-eater at the Nashville Convention of 1850, which failed to endorse his aim of secession
57 Robert William Roper House November 7, 1973 Charleston
32°46′14″N 79°55′42″W / 32.770529°N 79.928419°W / 32.770529; -79.928419 (Roper, Robert William, House)
Charleston
58 Nathaniel Russell House November 7, 1973 Charleston
32°46′27″N 79°55′51″W / 32.774177°N 79.930737°W / 32.774177; -79.930737 (Russell, Nathaniel, House)
Charleston Adamesque home completed in 1811
59 Edward Rutledge House November 11, 1971 Charleston
32°46′34″N 79°56′01″W / 32.776202°N 79.933560°W / 32.776202; -79.933560 (Rutledge, Edward, House)
Charleston Home of Edward Rutledge, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, and a governor of South Carolina
60 John Rutledge House November 7, 1973 Charleston
32°46′34″N 79°56′01″W / 32.776231°N 79.933563°W / 32.776231; -79.933563 (Rutledge, Gov. John, House)
Charleston Home of Gov. John Rutledge, a signer of the U.S. Constitution.
61 St. James Church, Goose Creek April 15, 1970 Goose Creek
32°58′25″N 80°01′47″W / 32.973616°N 80.029594°W / 32.973616; -80.029594 (St. James Church, Goose Creek)
Berkeley Episcopal chapel
62 St. James Church, Santee April 15, 1970 Georgetown
33°10′13″N 79°27′56″W / 33.170166°N 79.46569°W / 33.170166; -79.46569 (St. James Church, Santee)
Charleston
63 Saint Michael's Episcopal Church October 9, 1960 Charleston
32°46′33″N 79°55′51″W / 32.775963°N 79.930931°W / 32.775963; -79.930931 (Saint Michael's Episcopal Church)
Charleston Built in 1750s, Charleston's oldest church building
64 St. Philip's Episcopal Church November 7, 1973 Charleston
32°46′44″N 79°55′46″W / 32.778874°N 79.929469°W / 32.778874; -79.929469 (St. Philip's Episcopal Church (Charleston))
Charleston Church with E. B. White-designed steeple
65 St. Stephen's Episcopal Church April 15, 1970 St. Stephen
33°24′19″N 79°55′00″W / 33.4054°N 79.9166°W / 33.4054; -79.9166 (St. Stephen's Episcopal Church)
Berkeley A small Georgian brick country church with a high gambrel roof.
66 Simmons-Edwards House November 7, 1973 Charleston
32°46′22″N 79°56′02″W / 32.772912°N 79.933969°W / 32.772912; -79.933969 (Simmons-edwards House)
Charleston Known as the "Pineapple Gate House" by locals, referring to finials upon its large brick gates
67 Robert Smalls House May 30, 1973 Beaufort
32°26′07″N 80°40′05″W / 32.435156°N 80.668186°W / 32.435156; -80.668186 (Smalls, Robert, House)
Beaufort Post-Civil War home of U.S. congressman Robert Smalls, a former slave who commandeered a Confederate ship out to Union lines
68 Snee Farm November 7, 1973 Mount Pleasant
32°50′46″N 79°49′29″W / 32.846111°N 79.824722°W / 32.846111; -79.824722 (Snee Farm)
Charleston Home of early South Carolina Governor Charles Pinckney.
69 Snow's Island December 2, 1974 Johnsonville Florence Revolutionary War era refuge of the "Swamp Fox", Francis Marion
70 South Carolina State House May 11, 1976 Columbia
34°00′02″N 81°01′59″W / 34.000433°N 81.033147°W / 34.000433; -81.033147 (South Carolina State House)
Richland This Greek Revival capitol building was completed in 1907, with major renovations in 1959 and 1998.
71 Stono River Slave Rebellion Site May 30, 1974 Rantowles
32°47′08″N 80°08′44″W / 32.785501°N 80.145560°W / 32.785501; -80.145560 (Stono River Slave Rebellion Site)
Charleston Beginning point of the earliest slave revolt in the United States.
72 Colonel John Stuart House November 7, 1973 Charleston
32°46′28″N 79°56′02″W / 32.774370°N 79.933807°W / 32.774370; -79.933807 (Stuart, Col. John, House)
Charleston Home of Colonel John Stuart.
73 Unitarian Church November 7, 1973 Charleston
32°46′41″N 79°56′04″W / 32.778149°N 79.934554°W / 32.778149; -79.934554 (The Unitarian Church (Charleston))
Charleston Church built in 1772 and reworked in Gothic style during 1852-1854
74 Denmark Vesey House May 11, 1976 Charleston
32°46′56″N 79°56′28″W / 32.782209°N 79.941180°W / 32.782209; -79.941180 (Vesey, Denmark, House)
Charleston Said to be the home of Denmark Vesey, who was accused of plotting slave rebellion in 1822 and executed
75 Woodlands November 11, 1971 Bamberg
33°17′27″N 80°55′53″W / 33.29085°N 80.931271°W / 33.29085; -80.931271 (Woodlands)
Bamberg The primary residence of author William Gilmore Simms, whose main house was burned in 1865; the remaining wing and several outbuildings constitute a literary landmark.
76 USS YORKTOWN January 14, 1986 Mount Pleasant
32°47′20″N 79°54′31″W / 32.788792°N 79.908588°W / 32.788792; -79.908588 (USS YORKTOWN (Aircraft Carrier))
Charleston Famous World War II aircraft carrier

Historic areas of the National Park System in South Carolina

National Historic Sites, National Historic Parks, National Memorials, and certain other areas listed in the National Park system are historic landmarks of national importance that are highly protected already, often before the inauguration of the NHL program in 1960, and are then often not also named NHLs per se. There are five of these in South Carolina. The National Park Service lists these five together with the NHLs in the state,[10] The Charles Pinckney National Historic Site (also known as Snee Farm) and Ninety Six National Historic Site are also NHLs and are listed above. The remaining three are:

Landmark name Image Date established[11] Location County Description
1 Cowpens National Battlefield March 4, 1929 Gaffney Cherokee Site of Battle of Cowpens in 1781
2 Fort Sumter National Monument April 28, 1948 Charleston Charleston First shots of the American Civil War were fired on January 9, 1861, and the Battle of Fort Sumter raged from April 12 to April 13.
3 Kings Mountain National Military Park March 3, 1931 Blacksburg Cherokee Site of Battle of Kings Mountain on 7 October 1780

Former NHLs in South Carolina

The nuclear-powered commercial vessel NS Savannah was moved to Virginia. Piedmont Number One, a historic textile mill, burned in 1983.

Landmark name Image Date designated Date moved or
withdrawn
Locality County Description
1 NS Savannah July 17, 1991[12] 1994 Patriot's Point, Charleston Charleston Nuclear-powered merchant cargo and passenger vessel. It was at Patriot's Point from 1982[citation needed] until 1994,[citation needed] when it was removed to Baltimore, Maryland. It has since been moved to Virginia.[citation needed]
2 Piedmont Number One June 2, 1978 March 5, 1986 Piedmont Greenville A historic Southern textile mill that burned in 1983. Its National Historic Landmark designation was removed on March 5, 1986.[13]

See also

References

  1. National Park Service. "National Historic Landmarks Program: Questions and Answers". Retrieved 2007-09-21. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 National Park Service (June 2011). "National Historic Landmarks Survey: List of National Historic Landmarks by State" (PDF). Retrieved 2011-07-04. 
  3. Robert Mills' eight NHLs in SC are: Bethesda Presbyterian Church (Camden Carolina), Fireproof Building, Lancaster County Courthouse, Lancaster County Jail (Lancaster Carolina), Robert Mills House, Mills Building, South Carolina State Hospital, Old Marine Hospital (Charleston), and Parish House of the Circular Congregational Church.
  4. Edward Brickell White's five NHLs in SC are: College of Charleston, Huguenot Church, Market Hall and Sheds, Saint Philip's Episcopal Church.
  5. Architect Gabriel Manigault designed Joseph Manigault House, and possibly both Presqui'ile and William Blacklock House.
  6. Medical doctor William Wallace Anderson designed Borough House and Church of the Holy Cross.
  7. Places associated with an artist or writer are: Atalaya and Brookgreen Gardens/Anna Huntington; Dubose Heyward House/Dubose Heyward; Clark Mills Studio/Clark Mills; Mulberry Plantation (James and Mary Boykin Chesnut House)/Mary Boykin Chesnut; Woodlands/William Gilmore Simms
  8. Numbers represent an ordering by significant words. Various colors, defined here, differentiate the National Monuments, National Historic Sites, National Historic Landmark Districts and other higher designations from other NHL buildings, structures, sites or objects.
  9. 9.0 9.1 National Park Service. "National Historic Landmark Program: NHL Database".  Retrieved on various dates, and other sources cited in the articles on each of the sites.
  10. These are listed on p.114 of "National Historic Landmarks Survey: List of National Historic Landmarks by State"
  11. Date of listing as National Monument or similar designation, from various sources in articles indexed.
  12. "N.S. SAVANNAH (Nuclear Merchant Ship)". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Retrieved 2008-03-27. 
  13. Withdrawal of National Historic Landmark designation

External links

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