Latin Emperor

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Emperor of Constantinople
Former Monarchy
Imperial
Arms of the Latin Empire of Constantinople
First monarch Baldwin I
Last monarch Baldwin II
Style His Imperial Majesty
Official residence Bucoleon Palace
Monarchy began 16 April 1204
Monarchy ended 25 July 1261

Latin Empire is the historiographical convention for the Crusader realm, established in Constantinople after the Fourth Crusade (1204) and lasting until the city was recovered by the Byzantine Greeks in 1261. Its name derives from its Catholic and Western European ("Latin") nature. The empire, whose official name was Imperium Romaniae (Latin: "Empire of Romania"), claimed the direct heritage of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire, which was disbanded and partitioned by the Fourth Crusade. This claim however was disputed by the Byzantine Greek successor states, the Empire of Nicaea, the Empire of Trebizond and the Despotate of Epirus. Out of these three the Nicaeans succeeded in displacing the Latin emperors in 1261 and restored the Byzantine Empire.

Latin emperors of Constantinople, 1204–1261

Monarch Portrait Birth Coronation Marriages Death
Baldwin I
1204–1205 		July 1172
son of Baldwin V, Count of Hainault and Margaret I, Countess of Flanders 		16 May 1204 in the Hagia Sophia
began reign on 9 May 		Marie of Champagne
6 January 1186
2 daughters 		1205
possibly Tsarevets, Bulgaria
aged about 33
Henry
1206–1216 		c. 1174
son of Baldwin V, Count of Hainault and Margaret I, Countess of Flanders 		20 August 1206
began reign in July 		(1) Agnes of Montferrat
4 February 1207
1 child?

(2) Maria of Bulgaria
1213
no children 		11 June 1216
aged about 42
Peter
1216–1217 		c. 1155
son of Peter and Elizabeth de Courtenay 		9 April 1217 in a church outside Rome
began reign in 1216 		(1) Agnes of Nevers
one daughter

(2) Yolanda of Flanders
10 children 		1219
aged about 64
Yolanda
(regent)
1217–1219 		1175
daughter of Baldwin V, Count of Hainault and Margaret I, Countess of Flanders 		Peter II of Courtenay, Latin Emperor
10 children 		August 1219
aged 44
Robert
1221–1228 		son of Peter II of Courtenay and Yolanda of Flanders, Latin Emperors 25 March 1221 Lady of Neuville
1227
no children 		January 1228
Morea, Principality of Achaea
John
(regent)
1229–1237 		c. 1170
son of Erard II of Brienne and Agnes de Montfaucon 		(1) Queen Maria of Jerusalem
14 September 1210
one daughter

(2) Stephanie of Armenia
one son

(3) Berengaria of León
1224
4 children 		27 March 1237
aged about 67
Baldwin II
1228–1261 		1217
son of Peter II of Courtenay, Latin Emperor and Yolanda of Flanders, Latin Empress		 15 April 1240
began reign in 1228 		Marie of Brienne
1234
one son 		October 1273
Foggia, Kingdom of Sicily
aged 43

Latin emperors of Constantinople in exile, 1261–1383

Seal of Catherine of Courtenay
  • Baldwin II (1261–1273), in exile from Constantinople
  • Philip I (1273–1283), his son
  • Catherine I (1283–1307), his daughter, with...
  • Charles of Valois (1301–1307), her husband
  • Catherine II (1307–1346), their daughter, with...
  • Philip II (1313–1332), her husband
  • Robert II (1346–1364), their son
  • Philip III (1364–1373), his brother
  • James of Baux (1373–1383), his nephew

James of Baux willed his titular claims to Duke Louis I of Anjou, also claimant to the throne of Naples, but Louis and his descendants never used the title. However, James' feudal heirs were the descendants of Joan of Valois, youngest sister of Empress Catherine II, as follows:

See also

Reigning emperors
(1204–1261)
Titular emperors
(1261–1383)
still overlords of some
territories in South Greece
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