Lalit Modi

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Lalit Kumar Modi
Born (1963-11-29) November 29, 1963
New Delhi
Education
Occupation
Spouse(s) Minal Modi
Children
  • Ruchir Modi
  • Aliya Modi
  • Karima Burman
Website
lalitmodi.com modi.com

Lalit Kumar Modi, (Hindi: ललित कुमार मोदी; born 29 November 1963, Delhi, India) is the first commissioner of cricket's Indian Premier League (IPL) who was found guilty of committing acts of misconduct and indiscipline resulting in his removal and subsequent lifetime ban by the BCCI.[1][2]

Best known for his stint as the Chairman and Commissioner of the Indian Premier League and the Chairman of the Champions League, between 2008 and 2010, he has also occupied the roles of Vice President of the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI), between 2005 and September 2010, and Vice President of the Punjab Cricket Association.[3][4]

Lalit Modi is also the President and Managing Director of Modi Enterprises and the Executive Director of Godfrey Phillips India.[5][6]

Early life

Lalit Kumar Modi was born into a wealthy and successful business family. His father Krishan Kumar Modi is Chairman of Modi Enterprises, a USD $5 billion business empire, which was founded by his grandfather, Rai Bahadur Gujarmal Modi, who also founded the town of Modinagar.[7][8]

Education

Lalit Modi joined Bishop Cotton School in Shimla, in 1971.[9] Modi is noted to have been a brilliant sportsman and used to play a number of sports, including cricket.[9] He also attended St Joseph's College in Nainital. Having scored well in the SAT,[citation needed] he chose to skip the school-leaving examinations, which were required for entrance to colleges and universities in India, and travelled to the United States to continue with his studies, where he is believed to have studied at Pace University in New York and Duke University in North Carolina, between 1983 and 1986.[10]

On March 1, 1985, while a sophomore, Modi was arrested on charges of conspiracy to traffic cocaine, assault and second-degree kidnapping. On April 2, 1985, Modi and another student were indicted.[11] Modi pleaded guilty to the crime when the case was heard in the Durham County court, North Carolina and later entered a plea bargain, which resulted in a suspended two-year prison sentence.[12]

Family

Lalit Modi is married to Minal, whom he met while studying in the USA. Modi has two children with Minal, Ruchir and Aliya. Modi has a stepdaughter, Minal's daughter from a previous relationship, Karima.

Karima Burman, Modi's stepdaughter, is married and currently living in London. Karima has a daughter named Arya.[13][14]

Family security threat

In March 2009 the Mumbai police arrested and interrogated Rashid Malabari, who is reportedly the hitman of underworld don Chota Shakeel.[15] During the interrogation, Malabari revealed that the there was a plan to assassinate Lalit Modi, his wife Minal and son Ruchir.[16]

This was later cross-referenced by a government intelligence agency, who picked up a phone conversation between Chota Shakeel and his boss Dawood Ibrahim instructing him to hire four assassins to carry out the assassination of Modi and his family in either South Africa or in India.[17][18]

Modi remains under constant threat and is rumoured to travel in a bullet-proof car and to be protected by three layers of around-the-clock security.[19]

Modi's son Ruchir remains under a high security cover after 2 near-incidents took place on his life as mentioned on a letter sent by him to the Police Commissioner of Mumbai. In Mumbai and the rest of India, Ruchir never leaves his house which was for a few months the five star deluxe Four Seasons Hotel in Southern Bombay without his convoy containing 7 vehicles including a police escort vehicle. He has a highly trained security team containing approximately 12 private bodyguards including foreign security specialists and 4 heavily armed members of the Mumbai Police Protection Squad.[20][21][22]

Business career

Modi is the President and Managing Director of Modi Enterprises, an industrial conglomerate created and run by his family.[23] Modi has been the Executive Director of Godfrey Phillips India since 1992, one of India's largest tobacco companies.[23][24] The company is jointly promoted by the Modi Enterprises and Philip Morris International.[25]

Modi Entertainment Networks

Modi started a 10-year joint venture with Walt Disney Pictures in 1993, called Modi Entertainment Networks (MEN), to broadcast some of Disney's content in India, including Fashion TV.[26][27]

In 1994, he became the pan-India distributor of ESPN on a ten-year contract worth $975 million. His job was to collect money from the cable companies in India in exchange for them broadcasting ESPN.[28]

The deal, gave ESS exclusive global commercial rights for all T20 Champions League seasons until 2017, making it the highest cricket tournament by value on a per game basis.[29]

Apart from ESS, bids were received from Abu Dhabi Sports Club and Dubai International Capital (DIC). While the DIC bid was for $751.3 million, Abu Dhabi Sports Club’s bid, being a conditional one, was disqualified. ESS had bid $900 million for the deal and an additional $75 million for marketing.[30]

Of the deal, ESS Managing Director, Manu Sawhney said: “This deal will cement our relationship with BCCI, Cricket Australia and Cricket South Africa and we are committed to setting new benchmarks in broadcast and distribution.” Lalit Modi, who was IPL chairman and commissioner at the time, said: “We believe this is the best commercial deal for Champions League.”[31]

In 2008 ESPN, paid almost $1 billion for the global rights to the Twenty20 Champions League, in a ten-year deal. Lalit Modi called it: “The best commercial deal for the inaugural Champions League Twenty20 season and for cricket fans across the world.” [32]

On 24 January 2008 The Indian Premier League announced the new owners of eight franchises. The base price of the auction was set at $400 million, but the final auction total reached $723.59 million. Mumbai was the most expensive team, costing $111.9 million.[33]

In October 2009, Nimbus Communications paid $431 million for the rights to India's home international games for four years, which commenced in April 2010. Although the deal didn’t include internet or radio rights, Lalit Modi indicated the deal was: "The highest price ever that will be paid per match by a broadcaster to any national board."[34]

Pune and Kochi were unveiled on 21 March 2010 as the two new franchises for the fourth edition of the Indian Premier League. Pune was bought by Sahara Adventure Sports Group for $370 million and the Kochi franchise was bought by Rendezvous Sports World Limited for $333.3 million. The auction fetched a total $723.59 million.[35]

Other interests

In 2002, he launched an online lottery business in Kerala called Sixo. He later went into the real estate business in Rajasthan, with a company called Amer Heritage City Construction Pvt Ltd, where his wife, Minal, is a director.[4][36]

Cricket administration

Himachal Pradesh Cricket Association

Lalit Modi joined the Himachal Pradesh Cricket Association in 1999 (when it had no cricket stadium) after promising to build a cricket stadium that would be used to play cricket in the Indian summer.[37] In 2000, he started raising concerns with the way things were run in Himachal, and was booted-out when Mr. Prem Kumar Dhumal became the Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh and installed his son as the President of the HP Cricket Association.

Contribution in shaping BCCI into a global powerhouse

Lalit Modi dedicated his time in an honorary capacity from Nov 29 2005, till the date he was suspended from BCCI on 26 April 2010. During his tenure he was responsible for reorganizing BCCI, building financial structures, negotiating deals and marketing the game of cricket. BCCI revenue prior to the year he joined brought in approximately 60 million USD on a 4-year cycle. Through his restructuring effort and marketing the sport he raised BCCI revenue's to Rs. 47,600 Crores or over USD $8 billion during his tenure. In turn making BCCI the powerhouse and globally one of the biggest sports associations . BCCI is a charitable institution, therefore Modi's role has benefited not only players but has had given the game of Cricket a tremendous boost in a country where Cricket is not just a pastime but religion. Lalit's contribution will always be remembered as bringing about a paradigm shift to the world of cricket but also to the very nation hosting it.

During his time at the BCCI, Lalit Modi concluded the following deals:

  • Pan-India distributor deal with ESPN on a ten-year contract – $975 million in 1994
  • Team Sponsorship Deal for Team India with Sahara Thenyamukkim group for 4 years – $103 million (415 Crores) on 20.12.05[38]
  • Team Apparel Sponsor Deal for Team India with Nike for 4 year – $53 million (215 Crores) on 24.12.05[39]
  • Media Rights Deal with Nimbus for 4 years – $612 million on 18.2.06[40][41]
  • Media Rights for overseas matches with Zee for 4 years – $219 million on 7.4.06[39]
  • BCCI Sponsorship Deal with WSG – $46 million (173 Crores) on 27.8.07[42]
  • The Indian Premier League sold eight franchises – $723.59 million on 24.01.08[33][43]
  • ESPN deal for Twenty20 global rights – $1 billion in 2008 [32]
  • IPL Media Rights Deal with WSG – $1.26 Billion on 15.1.08[44]
  • Web Media Rights to Live current Media – $50 million on 18.4.08[45]
  • IPL Title sponsorship and Ground sponsors – $220 million in March 2008[46][47]
  • Renegotiated with WSG and Sony WSG's Licensee the IPL Media rights from $1.26 billion to over $2.46 billion on 25 March 2009[48][49]
  • Nimbus Communications four-year deal for the rights to India's home international games – US$431 million in October 2009 [34]
  • IPL Theatrical Rights Deal with UFO and ESD for over 300 Crores on 12 November 2009[50]
  • IPL Entertainment Broadcast deal with Viacom for over $30 Million on 23 January 2010[51]
  • IPL undisclosed sum deal with Google and YouTube on 22 January 2010[52][53]
  • Pune and Kochi deal with Sahara Adventure Sports Group and Rendezvous Sports World Limited – US$703 million on 21 March 2010 [35]

Rajasthan Cricket Association

In 2005, Lalit Modi joined the Rajasthan Cricket Association. He became a member of the Nagore district. He allegedly submitted his name to the RCA as Lalit Kumar, because he did not want to be "cut-off" like he was with the HPCA.[54] He raised concerns with the way RCA was run by the Rungta family for 40 years. There were 32 district associations in Rajasthan and 57 members, of which all 57 were related to the Rungta family. There were no elections in the RCA for 40 years.

He eventually became president of the Rajasthan Cricket Association, with the help of then Chief Minister of Rajasthan, Vasundhara Raje, who changed the law in Rajasthan, effective 18 August 2004, so that the RCA becomes a more democratic organisation with elections. His election was mired in controversy as he was accused of impersonating one Lalit Kumar to gain eligibility.

Board of Control for Cricket in India

In 2004, Lalit Modi ran for President of Rajasthan Cricket Association and won, which entitled him to a seat on the Board of Control for Cricket in India.[55]

In 2005, Modi figured in a power struggle that resulted in Sharad Pawar, an influential politician and national cabinet minister, ousting former Indian cricket supremo and International Cricket Council Chief, Jagmohan Dalmiya, in the Board of Control for Cricket in India elections. Modi was then appointed Vice-President of the BCCI.[56]

Lalit Modi was heavily involved in the commercial side of the Board of Control for Cricket in India and it is reported he was responsible for increasing the BCCI's revenues sevenfold between 2005 and 2008, with the BCCI then reporting annual revenues of over $1 billion.[57]

Punjab Cricket Association

Lalit Modi is currently the Vice President of the Punjab Cricket Association under the patronage of former Board of Control for Cricket in India President, I.S. Bindra.[58]

IPL 5: Punjab sign Awana, Gurkreet

Indian Premier League

In 2008, Lalit Modi was instrumental in launching the Indian Premier League (IPL), a league based around Twenty20 cricket, where each team is limited to batting for a maximum of 20 overs.[59] he also engineered the Indian Premier League's move to South Africa in 2009 after the dates of the tournament clashed with the Indian general election and the Union Minister of Home Affairs, P. Chidambaram, could not commit to the security of the tournament.[59][60]

The IPL has since grown into one of the world's biggest sports, worth over $4 billion.[61] The commercial success of the Indian Premier League and Modi's control of the league has led to him being compared to Don King and Bernie Ecclestone.[61]

IPL controversy

In 2010, Modi oversaw the bidding process and creation of two new teams in the Indian Premier League. Pune and Kochi were declared the new franchises. A Twitter entry by Modi declaring the stakeholders of the Kochi IPL Team allegedly breaching confidentiality agreements led to the resignation of the then Indian Minister of State for External Affairs Dr. Shashi Tharoor.[62][63]

Modi was then suspended as chairman and Commissioner of the IPL in April 2010.[64] A suspension notice and a 34-page letter stating 22 charges of impropriety were served via email to Modi. Modi publicly protested his innocence immediately after the 2010 Indian Premier League Final had been played.[61]

In March 2012 New Zealand cricketer Chris Cairns successfully sued Modi for making false statements in the media about Mr Cairns. This is after Modi posted on Twitter in 2010 that Cairns had been involved in match-fixing during 2008, which was proven to be lies made up by Modi. Cairns won costs and damages.[65]

On Sept 6, 2013, BCCI's three member committee consisting of Jyotiraditya Scindia and Arun Jaitley accused Mr. Modi of several charges of irregularities, charges to which Mr. Modi denies and has defended himself through his website, lalitmodi.com and several media appearances.[66][67][68]

On September 25, BCCI imposed a life ban on him after a Special General Meeting held at Chennai.[69] Lalit Modi seem to be unfazed by the ban and argued that the ban doesn't mean much as the committee that banned him was a vested interest committee.[70]

Mihir Bose interview

On 25 November 2010 an exclusive interview conducted in London between Mihir Bose and Lalit Modi was posted on the official www.lalitmodi.org website. During his first interview since being suspended as commissioner of the IPL, Lalit Modi rejected a number of allegations levelled against him during his career. Global news networks, newspapers and social media sources reported on the interview, including The Times of India, AFP and The Economic Times.[71]

When questioned about the $80 million that he allegedly cost the BCCI, Modi claimed that ”the way I did the deals I made the BCCI billions of dollars not cost them eighty million dollars.”[72]

Modi indicated that his security agencies advised him not to return to India until the threat level reduced. Security protection has remained high since Modi moved the IPL to South Africa in 2009.[73]

Other interviews

Lalit Modi has since appeared in several media appearances and clarified the leveled allegations against him by BCCI. In an interview with BBC Hardtalk in Oct 2013, he talks about the hardships he faced realizing the IPL dream, rebutting BCCI allegations with an open criticism of BCCI and how it is damaging world cricket.[74]

Awards and recognitions

  • In October 2011, Lalit Modi was bestowed the 'Outstanding Contribution Award' at the 2011 International Sports Event Management (ISEM) Awards[75]
  • In February 2010, Sports Illustrated named Lalit Modi as the 2nd Most Powerful Person in Indian Sports[76]
  • On 28 December 2009, Business Standard named Lalit Modi as one of the ‘Game Changers of the Decade’[77]
  • On 26 September 2009, Lalit Modi was presented with the ‘Brand of the Year’ award by India Leadership Conclave[78]
  • In August 2009, Forbes Magazine described the IPL as ‘the world's hottest sports league’ – a remarkable accolade from a US magazine less than a year after the IPL’s launch[79]
  • On 22 January 2009, Lalit Modi was given the ‘Sport Business Leader’ award by CBNC-TV18[80]
  • On 30 December 2008, SportzPower ranked Lalit Modi No. 1 in their annual Top 20[81]
  • On 12 November 2008, Lalit Modi was given the SportsBusiness ‘Rushmans Award For Sports Event Innovation’ by Rushmans[82]
  • On 8 November 2008, Lalit Modi was given the ‘Teacher's Achievement of the Year’ award by Beam Global Spirits & Wine[83]
  • In October 2008, Business Week ranked Lalit Modi 19th in a list of 25 most powerful global sports figures[84]
  • On 24 October 2008, Lalit Modi was awarded for ‘Excellence in Innovation’ at the Frost & Sullivan Growth Excellence Awards[85]
  • On 6 October 2008, Lalit Modi was named ‘The Most Innovative Business Leader in India’ by NDTV Profit[86]
  • On 26 September 2008, Lalit Modi was presented with ‘The Consumer Award for Transforming Cricket in India’ by CNBC Awaaz[87]
  • On 25 September 2008, Lalit Modi was named ‘Brand Builder of the Year’ by Asia Brand Conference[88]
  • In August 2008, Lalit Modi was ranked number 17 in the leading sports magazine Sports Pro’s Power List of global figures connected with sports[89]
  • In July 2008, Time Magazine ranked Lalit Modi 16th in a list of the world’s best sports executives[90]
  • In July 2008 he featured on the cover of Sports Pro and was hailed as the Best Rain Maker (money maker) for any sports body in the history of sports globally[91]
  • On 21 June 2008, Lalit Modi was given the ‘Business Standard Award’ for making BCCI the Most Innovative Company in India for that year[92]
  • On 9 April 2006, Mike Atherton described Lalit Modi as arguably ‘the most important cricket administrator in the world today’[93]
  • In March 2008, Lalit Modi was listed among India's 30 most powerful people by the India Today magazine[57]

See also

Sachin hits 100th international ton

  1. ↑ ' + val.created_at + ' (2010-04-20). "IPL team-owners back Lalit Modi". NDTV.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23. 
  2. ↑ "Lalit Modi banned for life, BCCI takes unanimous decision in SGM". Indian Express. 2013-09-25. Retrieved 2013-12-23. 
  3. ↑ "Lalit Modi: Too long in exile". NDTV Sports. Retrieved 10 January 2014. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Bindra remains Punjab Cricket Association president | Cricket News | Global". ESPN Cricinfo. Retrieved 2013-12-23. 
  5. ↑ Negotiator, A Crack; Wizard, Marketing (19 April 2009). "Who's this man?". The Telegraph (Calcutta, India). 
  6. ↑ "The other side of Lalit Modi". The Indian Express. 25 April 2010. Retrieved 10 January 2014. 
  7. ↑ "Modi Enterprises – About Us – Founder". Modi Enterprises. Retrieved 5 February 2010. 
  8. ↑ "The other side of Lalit Modi". Indian Express. 2012-05-16. Retrieved 2013-01-10. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Sharma, Surender (2010-04-26). "Lalit Modi never gave up without a fight". Mid-day.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23. 
  10. ↑ Lalit Kumar Modi. "Lalit Modi: Executive Profile & Biography - Businessweek". Investing.businessweek.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23. 
  11. ↑ Berry, Scyld (15 June 2008). "Drugs and 'kidnap' charges could bring down Indian Premier League chief, Lalit Modi". The Daily Telegraph (London). 
  12. ↑ "Drug rap returns to haunt IPL boss Modi". Hindustan Times. 2008-05-28. Retrieved 2013-12-23. 
  13. ↑ MSN
  14. ↑ Telegraph India
  15. ↑ "Lalit Modi A Marked Man; Threat From The Underworld - Indian Premier League, IPL Live 2013". Iplcricketlive.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23. 
  16. ↑ "Lalit Modi targeted by Dawood Ibrahim". Cricketvoice.com. 2009-12-19. Retrieved 2013-12-23. 
  17. ↑ "Mumbai police endorse Lalit Modi's life threat claim". Retrieved 10 January 2014. 
  18. ↑ "IPL chairman Lalit Modi too on Shakeel hit-list | IPL 2013 | Cricket". Iplpulse.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23. 
  19. ↑ Too Step
  20. ↑ "Make way for Lalit Modi Jr's ride". Mid-day.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23. 
  21. ↑ http://assets.lalitmodi.info/LEGAL/files/Enforcement%20Directorate/ED%20-%20Replies%20-%202010/Annexures%20-%202010.PDF
  22. ↑ "Now, Modi may lose cop cover worth Rs 15 lakh". Mid-day.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23. 
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Blakely, Rhys (12 March 2010). "Lalit Modis vision of world domination for Indian Premier League". The Times (London). 
  24. ↑ "Lalit will head family flagship, says father". The Economic Times. Apr 27, 2010. Retrieved 10 January 2014. 
  25. ↑
  26. ↑ Singh, Rohini (19 April 2010). "Lalit Modi involved in betting, murky deals: I-T report". Times of India. Retrieved 2010-04-20. 
  27. ↑ Das, Sibabrata. "ESPN to end distribution pact with Modi Entertainment Network". Express India. Retrieved 2010-04-20. 
  28. ↑ "Latest India News | Breaking News | World &amp Business News | Sports &amp Entertainment news". Expressbuzz.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23. 
  29. ↑ "ESPN strikes $975m deal for T20 league". The Times of India. 12 September 2008. 
  30. ↑ "News & analysis on economy, business and market". Business Standard. December 23, 2013. Retrieved 2013-12-23. 
  31. ↑ http://champions-twenty20-league.com/champions-cricket-league-2008-live-broadcast.php
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 The Guardian
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 ESPN Cric Info
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 ESPN Cric Info
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 Indian Premiere League
  36. ↑ "Modi and controversy go a long way back : IPL 2010, News - India Today". Indiatoday.intoday.in. 2010-04-23. Retrieved 2013-12-23. 
  37. ↑ – Modi iview with Rahul Bhatia in 2006
  38. ↑ "Lalit Modi, A Drug Dealer and Serve Jail Time in USA - PakMusic - The Pure Pakistani Forums | Pakistani Music Movies Dramas Desi Forums". Pakstop.com. Retrieved 2013-12-23. 
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 by MSLGROUP (2010-07-21). "Lalit Modi". Slideshare.net. Retrieved 2013-12-23. 
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  42. ↑ http://www.sportzpower.com/?q=content/wsg-sponsorship-rights-deal-bcci-renewal
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  47. ↑ Hiscock, Geoff (16 February 2009). "IPL winner looks to be worth $215m". The Australian. 
  48. ↑ "Sony, WSG bag IPL broadcast rights". Retrieved 10 January 2014. 
  49. ↑ http://www.financialexpress.com/news/broadcasters-face-the-music-now/609584/
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  53. ↑ http://www.iplpulse.com/ipl/youtube-global-cricket-ventures-ipl-deal-under-bcci-scanner/
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  55. ↑ http://www.india-server.com/news/ipl-chief-lalit-modi-loses-rca-election-6385.html
  56. ↑ http://www.cricket20.com/db/indian_premier_league/article.asp?NewsID=2212
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  58. ↑ "Bindra remains Punjab Cricket Association president". Cricinfo. 18 August 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-20. 
  59. ↑ 59.0 59.1 Hoult, Nick (22 May 2009). "Lalit Modi unveils ambitious IPL plans for global domination". The Daily Telegraph (London). 
  60. ↑ "IPL confirms South Africa switch". BBC Sport. Retrieved 10 January 2014. 
  61. ↑ 61.0 61.1 61.2 "Lalit Modi: India's maverick impresario". BBC News. 26 April 2010. 
  62. ↑ "I've had enough: Tharoor tweets about IPL controversy". NDTV. 13 April 2010. Retrieved 20 April 2010. 
  63. ↑ "Shashi Tharoor Resigns: India Cricket Scandal Takes Down Government Minister". Huffington Post. 19 April 2010. Retrieved 20 April 2010. 
  64. ↑ "BCCI suspends Lalit Modi, issues show-cause notice". The Times of India. 26 April 2010. 
  65. ↑ "Cairns awarded $950,000 for libel". nzherald.co.nz. 27 March 2012. Retrieved 27 March 2012. 
  66. ↑ http://www.timesnow.tv/Direct-Lalit-Modi---1/videoshow/4436144.cms
  67. ↑ http://www.timesnow.tv/Direct-Lalit-Modi---2/videoshow/4436153.cms
  68. ↑ http://www.timesnow.tv/Direct-Lalit-Modi---3/videoshow/4436154.cms
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  70. ↑ "Lalit Modi faces detention if he returns to India". The Guardian. 15 October 2010. Retrieved 10 January 2014. 
  71. ↑ The Economic Times
  72. ↑ Playing 11
  73. ↑ Herald Sun
  74. ↑ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2eKjkyZGTo4
  75. ↑ http://www.lalitmodi.com/lkm-blog.php?id=14
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  77. ↑ http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/the-game-changers/380967/
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  79. ↑ Schwartz, Peter J. (27 August 2009). "The World's Hottest Sports League". Forbes. 
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  83. ↑ http://www.beamglobal.com/cs/news/news_detail?pressrelease.id=1276
  84. ↑ http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/08_41/b4103062511137.htm
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  87. ↑ http://www.newstrackindia.com/newsdetails/19823
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  89. ↑ http://www.funenclave.com/cricket-chat/lalit-modi-ipl-and-indian-cricket-22961.html
  90. ↑ "Best And Worst Sports Executives 2008". Time. 16 July 2008. 
  91. ↑ http://thatscricket.oneindia.in/news/2008/09/13/lalit-modi-is-the-chairman-of-champions-league.html
  92. ↑ http://www.currentweek.net/2010/01/most-influential-indians-of-decade-in.html
  93. ↑ Atherton, Michael (9 April 2006). "Modi masterminds India's billion dollar bonanza". The Daily Telegraph (London). 

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