Labruja

Labruja
Civil Parish (Freguesia)
A view to the Church of Nossa Senhora do Socorro in the civil parish of Labruja
Official name: Freguesia da Labruja
Name origin: labruja Portuguese derivative word for laborious
Country	Portugal
Region	Norte
Subregion	Minho-Lima
District	Viana do Castelo
Municipality	Ponte de Lima
River	Labruja River
Center	Labruja
- prominence	119 m (390 ft)
- coordinates	41°50′18.19″N 8°35′47.63″W / 41.8383861°N 8.5965639°W / 41.8383861; -8.5965639
Length	3.09 km (2 mi), Northwest-Southeast
Width	6.24 km (4 mi), Southwest-Northeast
Area	14.56 km2 (6 sq mi)
Population	478 (2001)
Density	32.83 / km2 (85 / sq mi)
Settlement	fl. 9th century
- Parish	c. 1242
- Civil Parish	2 June 1515
LAU	Freguesia/Junta Freguesia
- location	Largo do Soutinho, Labruja, Ponte de Lima
President Junta	Manuel Amorim
President Assembleia	David Cunha
Timezone	WET (UTC0)
- summer (DST)	WEST (UTC+1)
ISO 3166-2 code	PT-
Postal Zone	4990-655 Labruja
Area Code & Prefix	(+351) 258 XXX XXX
Patron Saint	São Cristóvão
Parish Address	Junta de Freguesia, Largo do Soutinho 4990-655 Labruja
Wikimedia Commons: Labruja
Website: http://www.jf-labruja.pt
Statistics from INE (2001); geographic detail from Instituto Geográfico Português (2010)

Labruja is a civil parish (Portuguese: freguesia) in the municipality of Ponte de Lima in northern Portugal. In 2001 the scattered population of this parish included 478 inhabitants, dispersed within a narrow valley of 14.56 km².

History

The Church of Church of Our Lord of Socorro (Portuguese: Santuário do Senhor do Socorro)

The name Labruja came from the Portuguese word laboriosa, after the name of the mountain range where it is located; laboriosa means laborious in English.

The ancient settlement dates back to the primordial history of Portugal which, although may not have existed during the Roman era, was a village during the Goth civilization.^[1]

Historically, the settlement grew from the 9th century village, that became a centre of a Benedictine monastery, founded by Hermóigio, bishop of Tui. Labruja was a vicarage of the Sé of Braga, and also, at one time, the archdeaconship of the Sé of Tui.^[1] The Benedictine monastery of São Cristóvão de Labruja, was founded by the Bishop of Tui, Hermoígio, who ordered its construction on local lands (Bandeira) under the reign of the monarch Ordoño II of León.^[1] This king later donated the monastery to the Sé in Lugo, in 915. In 1125, Teresa transferred this title to the Sé in Tui.^[1] During the division of ecclesiastical lands on 1 December 1156, the churches of Cepões, Rendufe and half of Romarigães was transferred to the administration of Tui.^[1] In 1242, Lucas, Bishop of Tui, created the archdeaconship of Labruja, with its seat in the Sé and administration at São Cristóvão de Labruja.^[1]

During the Inquirições (inventory/inqueries) of 1258, the monastery became part of the Royal Padroado.^[1] The Sanctuary of Our Lord of Help/Aid (Portuguese: Santuário do Senhor do Socorro), was the centre of religious pilgrimages during the 13th century, and was remodelled in 1773, in addition to further renovations in successive years.^[1] Lubrija was on the road to Santiago de Compostela, along the famous Saint James's Way, crossed by the faithful.^[1]

The monastery was closed in 1460, and by 1520, the local census (written by Diogo de Sousa) identified that the monastery was reduced to merely a parochial church.^[1]

It was founded after the foral of São Martinho, bestowed by King Manuel I of Portugal on 2 June 1515.^[1] In 1546, Archbishop Manuel de Sousa, evaluated the monastery and annex in 70,000 réis. Friar Baltasar Limpo, in 1580, identified Labruja as a ecclesiastical parish, and annexed the community of São Tiago de Romarigães.^[1]

Geography

The civil parish is located in the Serra de Labruja, nine kilometres from the municipal seat of Ponte de Lima, occupying one of the largest tracts in the municipality.^[2] But regardless, the parish has less than 750 inhabitants intersperesed within several localities (with dozens of homes in each), including: Antas, Arco, Bacelos, Balada, Bandeira, Bargo, Bouça, Camboa, Carvalho, Casa Branca, Codeçal, Devesa, Espinheiro, Fijô, Gávia, Igreja, Mota, Outeiro, Pessegueiros, Pedrelo, Pinheiro, Pombinha, Ponte Nova, Quinta, Revolta, Rua, Santana, Soutinho, Torre, Valinhos, Vinhó de Baixo and Vinhó de Cima.^[2] Its neighbours include Cunha and Romarigães to the north (in the municipality of Paredes de Coura); Arcozelo to the south; Rendufe, Bárrio and Cepões to the east; and Cabração to the west.^[2]

Municipal services are limited in the region: by 2011, canalized water distribution was not yet universal; sewage treatment was non-existent; and the collection of waste only served 80% of the community (twice weekly).^[2] Educational services are limited to two primary-level schools (Portuguese: JI de Labruja and EB1 de Soutinho), only one with refectory, while there are no local medical services (healthcare is handled in the municipal seat).^[2] Cultural services include a sports complex, an open library and a local community hall (used by local cultural groups for annual events).^[2]

Economy

The primary economic activities in this area are subsistence agriculture, farming and bee-keeping, in addition to saw-milling and nascent commercial businesses.^[2] There are also artisanl industries such as textiles and embroidery, in addition to woolen quilts, that hark back to the traditional communities that occupied the valley.^[2] Other sectors are limited by the municipal plan, a lack of industrial zones, and limited access.^[2]

The parish is served by primarily by local roads, as the E1-IP1 (A3 Auto-Estrada Porto-Valença) motorway bypasses the village, and the secondary N201 (while meandering through the parish) is also some distance from the rural community. Public transport is limited to bus service and local taxis.^[2]

Architecture

Although limited, the parish attempts to promote a tourist economy, through the preservation of many of its architectural treasures:

Civic

• Ponte do Arquinho (English: Arquinho Bridge) - dating to the 13th-14th century, this Romanesque single-arch bridge crosses the Labruga River.
• Pillory of Ponte de Lima

Religious

• Sanctuary of Senhor do Socorro (English: Our Lord of Help/Aid), which celebrated an annual festival on first Sunday and Saturdays in July; The ample temple and front court, is surrounded by a wall, and accessible from a staircase flanked by angels blowing trumpets.^[2] The verandas of balusters are decorated with stone flames, while the staircase is enhanced by allegorical statues of stone, intermingled with vases and flames. The façade of the church is flanked by two bell-towers designed in the Rococo-style.^[2] On the cornices are royal arms, while below them and above the main doorway is a window flanked by niches with the statues of Saint Peter, and presumably Pope Clement XIV.^[2] Apart from its ornate 18th century chapel, choir and pulpits in the Neoclassical-style, the interior is simple. Behind the temple is a building used to house pilgrims on their visits to Santiago de Compostela.^[2]
• Chapel of São João da Grova (English: Saint John)
• Chapel of Santa Catarina (English: Saint Catherine)
• Chapel of Sant'ana (English: Saint Anne)
• Chapel of Nossa Senhora das Neves (English: Our Lady of Snow)
• Chapel of Poça
• Chapel of São Dominhos (English: Saint Dominic Savio

Also along the route to Santiago do Compostela, there are still vestiges of the rock ovens used by pilgrims to cook goat on the journey.

Culture

Most social events, apart from religious events, are motivated by the cultural groups: the Associação Cultural, Recreativa e Desportiva de Labruja (English: Cultural, Recreational and Sporting Association of Labruja), the Grupo Coral (English: Choral Group) and the Grupo Animador de Labruja.^[2]

References

Notes

Sources

• Isabel Silva, ed. (1997), Dicionário Enciclopédico das Freguesias, Freguesias-Autarcas do Séc. XXI, Inventário Colectivo dos registros Paroquiais (in Portuguese) 2 (2 ed.), Lisbon, Portugal: Norte Arquivos Nacionais/Torre do Tombo, ISBN [[Special:BookSources/972-96087-2-3 |972-96087-2-3 [[Category:Articles with invalid ISBNs]]]] Check |isbn= value (help)