LPHN2

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Latrophilin 2

Identifiers

LPHN2; CIRL2; CL2; LEC1; LPHH1

External IDs

OMIM: 607018 MGI: 2139714 HomoloGene: 22712 IUPHAR: LPHN2 GeneCards: LPHN2 Gene

Gene Ontology
Molecular function	• G-protein coupled receptor activity • latrotoxin receptor activity • carbohydrate binding
Cellular component	• plasma membrane • integral to membrane
Biological process	• G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • neuropeptide signaling pathway
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

RefSeq (mRNA)

RefSeq (protein)

Location (UCSC)

Chr 1:
81.77 – 82.46 Mb

Chr 3:
148.82 – 148.99 Mb

PubMed search

Latrophilin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LPHN2 gene.^[1]^[2]

This gene encodes a member of the latrophilin subfamily of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR). Latrophilins may function in both cell adhesion and signal transduction. In experiments with non-human species, endogenous proteolytic cleavage within a cysteine-rich GPS (G-protein-coupled-receptor proteolysis site) domain resulted in two subunits (a large extracellular N-terminal cell adhesion subunit and a subunit with substantial similarity to the secretin/calcitonin family of GPCRs) being non-covalently bound at the cell membrane. While several transcript variants have been described, the biological validity of only one has been determined.^[2]

References

↑ White GR, Varley JM, Heighway J (Jul 2000). "Genomic structure and expression profile of LPHH1, a 7TM gene variably expressed in breast cancer cell lines". Biochim Biophys Acta 1491 (1-3): 75–92. PMID 10760572.
↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: LPHN2 latrophilin 2".

Südhof TC (2001). "alpha-Latrotoxin and its receptors: neurexins and CIRL/latrophilins.". Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 24 (1): 933–62. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.933. PMID 11520923.
Ushkaryov YA, Volynski KE, Ashton AC (2004). "The multiple actions of black widow spider toxins and their selective use in neurosecretion studies.". Toxicon 43 (5): 527–42. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.02.008. PMID 15066411.
Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery.". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Suyama M, et al. (1999). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XI. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro.". DNA Res. 5 (5): 277–86. doi:10.1093/dnares/5.5.277. PMID 9872452.
White GR, Varley JM, Heighway J (1999). "Isolation and characterization of a human homologue of the latrophilin gene from a region of 1p31.1 implicated in breast cancer.". Oncogene 17 (26): 3513–9. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202487. PMID 10030676.
Kreienkamp HJ, Zitzer H, Gundelfinger ED, et al. (2000). "The calcium-independent receptor for alpha-latrotoxin from human and rodent brains interacts with members of the ProSAP/SSTRIP/Shank family of multidomain proteins.". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (42): 32387–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.C000490200. PMID 10964907.
Bjarnadóttir TK, Fredriksson R, Höglund PJ, et al. (2005). "The human and mouse repertoire of the adhesion family of G-protein-coupled receptors.". Genomics 84 (1): 23–33. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2003.12.004. PMID 15203201.
Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, et al. (2006). "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.". Nature 441 (7091): 315–21. doi:10.1038/nature04727. PMID 16710414.
Clark TA, Schweitzer AC, Chen TX, et al. (2007). "Discovery of tissue-specific exons using comprehensive human exon microarrays.". Genome Biol. 8 (4): R64. doi:10.1186/gb-2007-8-4-r64. PMC 1896007. PMID 17456239.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

Cell surface receptor: G protein-coupled receptors

Class A:
Rhodopsin like

Neurotransmitter

Adrenergic	α1 (A B D) α2 (A B C) β1 β2 β3

Purinergic	Adenosine (A1 A2A A2B A3) P2Y (1 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14)

Serotonin	(all but 5-HT3) 5-HT1 (A B D E F) 5-HT2 (A B C) 5-HT (4 5A 6 7)

Other	Acetylcholine (M1 M2 M3 M4 M5) Dopamine (D1 D2 D3 D4 D5) Histamine (H1 H2 H3 H4) Melatonin (1A 1B 1C) TAAR (1 2 3 5 6 8 9)

Metabolites and
signaling molecules

Eicosanoid	CysLT (1 2) LTB4 (1 2) FPRL1 OXE Prostaglandin (DP (1 2), EP (1 2 3 4), FP) Prostacyclin Thromboxane

Other	Bile acid Cannabinoid (CB1 CB2, GPR (18 55 119)) EBI2 Estrogen Free fatty acid (1 2 3 4) Lactate Lysophosphatidic acid (1 2 3 4 5 6) Lysophospholipid (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8) Niacin (1 2) Oxoglutarate PAF Sphingosine-1-phosphate (1 2 3 4 5) Succinate

Peptide

Neuropeptide	B/W (1 2) FF (1 2) S Y (1 2 4 5) Neuromedin (B U (1 2)) Neurotensin (1 2)

Other	Anaphylatoxin (C3a C5a) Angiotensin (1 2) Apelin Bombesin (BRS3 GRPR NMBR) Bradykinin (B1 B2) Chemokine Cholecystokinin (A B) Endothelin (A B) Formyl peptide (1 2 3) FSH Galanin (1 2 3) GHB receptor Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1 2) Ghrelin Kisspeptin Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin MAS (1 1L D E F G X1 X2 X3 X4) Melanocortin (1 2 3 4 5) MCHR (1 2) Motilin Opioid (Delta Kappa Mu Nociceptin & Zeta, but not Sigma) Orexin (1 2) Oxytocin Prokineticin (1 2) Prolactin-releasing peptide Relaxin (1 2 3 4) Somatostatin (1 2 3 4 5) Tachykinin (1 2 3) Thyrotropin Thyrotropin-releasing hormone Urotensin-II Vasopressin (1A 1B 2)

Miscellaneous

Orphan	GPR (1 3 4 6 12 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 25 26 27 31 32 33 34 35 37 39 42 44 45 50 52 55 61 62 63 65 68 75 77 78 81 82 83 84 85 87 88 92 101 103 109A 109B 119 120 132 135 137B 139 141 142 146 148 149 150 151 152 153 160 161 162 171 173 174 176 177 182 183)

Other	Adrenomedullin Olfactory Opsin (3 4 5 1LW 1MW 1SW RGR RRH) Protease-activated (1 2 3 4) SREB (1 2 3)

Class B: Secretin like

Orphan	GPR (56 64 97 98 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 123 124 125 126 128 133 143 144 155 157)

Other	Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor (1 2 3) Cadherin (1 2 3) Calcitonin CALCRL CD97 Corticotropin-releasing hormone (1 2) EMR (1 2 3) Glucagon (GR GIPR GLP1R GLP2R) Growth hormone releasing hormone PACAPR1 GPR Latrophilin (1 2 3 ELTD1) Methuselah-like proteins Parathyroid hormone (1 2) Secretin Vasoactive intestinal peptide (1 2)

Class C: Metabotropic
glutamate / pheromone

Taste	TAS1R (1 2 3) TAS2R (1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 13 14 16 19 20 30 31 38 39 40 41 42 43 45 46 50 60)

Other	Calcium-sensing receptor GABA B (1 2) Glutamate receptor (Metabotropic glutamate (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8)) GPRC6A GPR (156 158 179) RAIG (1 2 3 4)

Class F:
Frizzled / Smoothened

Frizzled	Frizzled (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10)

Smoothened	Smoothened

B trdu: iter (nrpl/grfl/cytl/horl), csrc (lgic, enzr, gprc, igsr, intg, nrpr/grfr/cytr), itra (adap, gbpr, mapk), calc, lipd; path (hedp, wntp, tgfp+mapp, notp, jakp, fsap, hipp, tlrp)

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LPHN2

See also

References

Further reading