LMS Garratt
| LMS Beyer-Garratt | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Specifications | |
| Power type | Steam |
| Builder | Beyer, Peacock & Co. |
| Serial number | 6325–6327, 6648–6677 |
| Build date | 1927 (3), 1930 (30) |
| Configuration | 2-6-0+0-6-2 |
| UIC classification | (1'C)(C1')ht |
| Gauge | 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) |
| Leading wheel diameter | 39.5 in (1,000 mm) |
| Driver diameter | 63 in (1,600 mm) |
| Wheelbase | 79 ft (24 m) |
| Length | 87 ft 10 1⁄2 in (26.784 m) |
| Locomotive weight |
1927 built: 148.75 long tons (151.14 t) 1930 built: 152.5 long tons (154.9 t) |
| Fuel type | Coal |
| Fuel capacity |
1927 built: 7 long tons (7.1 t) 1930 built: 9 long tons (9.1 t) |
| Water capacity | 4,500 imp gal (20,000 l) |
| Boiler | LMS type Garratt |
| Boiler pressure | 190 psi (1.31 MPa) |
| Firegrate area | 44.5 sq ft (4.13 m2) |
| Heating surface: – Tubes and flues | 1,954 sq ft (181.5 m2) |
| – Firebox | 183 sq ft (17.0 m2) |
| Superheater area | 500 sq ft (46 m2) or 466 sq ft (43.3 m2) |
| Cylinders | Four, outside |
| Cylinder size | 18 1⁄2 in × 26 in (470 mm × 660 mm) |
| Valve gear | Walschaerts, piston valves |
| Tractive effort | 45,620 lbf (202.9 kN) |
| Career | |
| Retired | 1955–1958 |
The London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Garratt was a class of Garratt 2-6-0+0-6-2 steam locomotive designed for heavy freight. A total of 33 were built from 1927, making them the most numerous class of Garratt in Britain.
Overview
After Grouping the LMS continued the Midland Railway's "small engine policy" of hauling trains using two or three locomotives of moderate power coupled together. This led to most of the Toton (Nottinghamshire)-Brent (London) coal trains being double-headed by 0-6-0 locomotives. It was realised that double heading was uneconomical so a Garratt locomotive was ordered from Beyer, Peacock and Company. However the LMS Derby design office insisted on the fitting of their standard axle boxes to the design. These axle boxes were barely adequate for the LMS Class 4F 0-6-0 locomotives, on which they frequently overheated, and were a major weakness on the LMS Garratts. They were always heavy on coal and maintenance.
Three locomotives were built in April 1927 and the remaining 30 were built in the period August to November 1930. All were built with straight sided bunkers but from 1931 all except the first two of the 1927 trio were fitted with revolving coal bunkers. These were conical in shape and were revolved and oscillated by means of a small 2-cylinder steam engine. The revolving bunkers prevented coal dust from entering the cab and the oscillation facility made them self-trimming.
The 1927 trio were numbered 4997–4999, and the 1930 batch from 4967 to 4996. They were later renumbered 7967–7999 in the same order to make way for the new Black 5’s . British Railways added 40000 to their numbers.
The roundhouses at Toton MPD had to have extra length Garratt roads to accommodate them. Mostly used for heavy coal trains, they later found other uses as well. Others were allocated to Wellingborough and Hasland near Chesterfield. Trains for Manchester were generally routed along the Hope Valley Line and the Garratts normally came off their trains at the Gowhole freight sidings just south of Chinley. A few would work the Ambergate to Pye Bridge Line using the north curve at Ambergate, but only as far as Rowsley, where the train would be split. This was normal for goods trains because of the danger of couplings breaking on the climb to Peak Forest. In addition, although they had ample tractive effort to climb the gradient, in the days before goods wagon trains had continuous brakes there were problems on the way down into Chinley. On an early attempt, the loco was inspected at Heaton Mersey and it was found that all of its brake blocks had melted.[1]
The class was withdrawn between June 1955 and April 1958. None has survived into preservation.
Technical
- Power Classification: Not classified
- Introduced: 1927–1930
- Designer: Sir Henry Fowler & Beyer, Peacock and Company
- Weights:
- Loco – 148 t 15 cwt (Fixed Bunker), 155 t 10 cwt (Rotary Bunker)
- Driving Wheel: 5 ft 3 in (1.60 m)
- Boiler pressure: 190 psi superheated
- Cylinders (4): 16½ × 26 in (Outside)
- Tractive Effort: 45,620 lbf (202,900 N)
- Valve Gear: Walschaert (piston valves)
Models
The erstwhile Kitmaster company produced an unpowered polystyrene injection moulded 00 scale model, which went on sale in March 1961. In late 1962, the Kitmaster brand was sold by its parent company (Rosebud Dolls) to Airfix, who transferred the moulding tools to their own factory; they re-introduced some of the former Kitmaster range, but the Garratt model was not among them. The moulding tools for this locomotive were scrapped in 1982.[2] Heljan has been commissioned by Hattons to produce a model in OO gauge. This will be Heljan's first UK outline OO gauge steam locomotive model.[3]
References
- Bibliography
- Bob Essery & G. Toms (1998) LMS & LNER Garratts Wild Swan ISBN 0-906867-93-2
- Pixton, B., (2000) North Midland: Portrait of a Famous Route, Cheltenham: Runpast Publishing
- Hugh Longworth British Railway Steam Locomotives 1948-1968 - OPC - ISBN 0-86093-593-0
- Notes
External links
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to LMS Garratts. |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||