Kvænangen

Kvænangen (Northern Sami: Návuona suohkan; Kven: Naavuonon komuuni) is a municipality in Troms county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Burfjord. The European route E6 highway goes through the municipality and over the Sørstraumen Bridge, and many people stop at the Kvænangsfjellet mountain pass to view the scenery of the Kvænangen fjord.

General information

Kvænangen with the fjord, the glaciers and the rivers entering the fjord at the head of the main fjord.

The municipality of Kvænangen was established in 1863 when it was separated from the municipality of Skjervøy. The initial population of Kvænangen was 1,677. On 1 January 1965, the Meiland area (population: 12) of Skjervøy was transferred to Kvænangen. On 1 January 1972, the uninhabited area of Mannskarvik was transferred from Skjervøy to Kvænanagen.^[2]

Name

The municipality is named after the Kvænangen fjord (Old Norse: Kven(a)angr). The first element is the plural genitive case of kven and the last element is angr which means "fjord". The district used to be mostly populated by Sámi people.^[3]

Coat-of-arms

The coat-of-arms is from modern times (1990). The arms show three blue harebells on a gray background.^[4]

Churches

The Church of Norway has one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Kvænangen. It is part of the Nord-Troms deanery in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland.

**Churches in Kvænangen**
Parish (Sokn)	Church Name	Location of the Church	Year Built
Kvænangen	Burfjord Church	Burfjord	2009
	Sekkemo Church	Sekkemo	1956
	Skorpa Church	Skorpa	1850

History

The municipality surrounds the Kvænangen fjord, after which it is named. The population is primarily of Sami origin, although the Kven population constitutes a sizeable minority. Archeological finds indicate nomadic activity in the area going back 10,000 years.

There is evidence that Kværnangen was the site for a transitional state between nomadic and agricultural society through what was known as "siida" - delimited areas where permanent housing was established and natural resources put under stewardship.

The Kvens settled in the area in the 18th century, occupying themselves with fishing, hunting, and agriculture. Over time, fisheries became a primary industry, and the community exported dried fish to southern areas. Ethnic Norwegians gradually immigrated to facilitate trade and administration.

Norwegian public policy in the 1930s and post-war years homogenized the three groups, ethnic Norwegians, Sami, and Kven, considerably, to the point that most residents speak Norwegian at home, regardless of their ethnic heritage. Interestingly, a majority of people in Kvænangen declared themselves Sami or Kven in the 1930 census. In the 1950 census, all but a handful declared themselves Norwegian.

During the Nazi occupation during World War II, a temporary work camp was established at Kvænangen. In large part due to the generosity of the local population, prisoners had ample food. As the German Wehrmacht retreated in early 1945, the population was evacuated by force, and all buildings were burned. Today, a local museum shows typical reconstruction houses.

Geography

The main E6 road goes through Kvænangen

The municipality has coastal and plains geography, extending into Finnmarksvidda. There are mature pine forests in the valley at the head of the fjord, and there are several rivers, the largest of which is Kvænangselva, which is traditionally a good salmon-fishing river.

Winter in Burfjord valley, Kvænangen.

The Øksfjordjøkelen glacier is located in the northern part of the municipality on the border with Loppa. It's the ninth largest glacier in mainland Norway. The lake Šuoikkatjávri is located in the southern part of the municipality on the border with Kautokeino. The Langfjordjøkelen is another glacier in northern Kvænangen.

There are several islands in the fjord that are part of Kvænangen municipality: Skorpa, Spildra, and Nøklan.

Climate

climate type is dominated by the winter season, a long, bitterly cold period with short, clear days, relatively little precipitation mostly in the form of snow, and low humidity. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Dfc". (Continental Subarctic Climate).^[5]

Climate data for Kvænangen
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Average high °C (°F)	−2 (28)	−2 (29)	0 (32)	3 (37)	8 (46)	13 (55)	16 (60)	14 (58)	10 (50)	5 (41)	1 (34)	−1 (31)	5.4 (41.8)
Average low °C (°F)	−8 (18)	−7 (19)	−5 (23)	−2 (28)	2 (36)	6 (43)	9 (49)	8 (47)	5 (41)	1 (33)	−3 (26)	−6 (21)	0 (32)
Precipitation mm (inches)	36 (1.4)	33 (1.3)	33 (1.3)	23 (0.9)	23 (0.9)	30 (1.2)	50 (2)	50 (2)	43 (1.7)	53 (2.1)	41 (1.6)	41 (1.6)	456 (18)
Source: Weatherbase ^[6]

References

↑ "Personnemningar til stadnamn i Noreg" (in Norwegian). Språkrådet.
↑ Jukvam, Dag (1999). "Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen" (in Norwegian). Statistisk sentralbyrå.
↑ Rygh, Oluf (1911). Norske gaardnavne: Troms amt (in Norwegian) (17 ed.). Kristiania, Norge: W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri. p. 189.
↑ Store norske leksikon. "Kvænangen" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2010-04-07.
↑ Climate Summary for Nordstraum (closest city on record to Kvænangen)
↑ "Weatherbase.com". Weatherbase. 2013. Retrieved on May 20, 2013.

External links

Media related to Kvænangen at Wikimedia Commons
The dictionary definition of Kvænangen at Wiktionary
Troms travel guide from Wikivoyage

v t e Municipalities of Troms

Balsfjord Bardu Berg Dyrøy Gratangen Harstad Ibestad Gáivuotna–Kåfjord Karlsøy Kvæfjord Kvænangen Lavangen

Lenvik Lyngen Målselv Nordreisa Salangen Skjervøy Skånland Sørreisa Storfjord Torsken Tranøy Tromsø

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