Sagittaria

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Sagittaria
S. sagittifolia
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Monocots
Order: Alismatales
Family: Alismataceae
Genus: Sagittaria
L.
Species

See text

Synonyms

Lophiocarpus (Kunth) Miq. Lophotocarpus T.Durand[1]

Sagittaria is a genus of about 30[2] species of aquatic plants whose members go by a variety of common names, including arrowhead, duck potato, iz-ze-kn,[3] katniss, kuwai (慈姑 in Japanese), swan potato, tule potato, and wapato (or wapatoo). Most are native to South, Central, and North America, but there are also some from Europe and Asia.[2]The genus lies within the water plantain family, the Alismataceae.

Description

Sagittaria sagittifolia flowers

Sagittaria plant stock (the perennial rhizome) is a horizontal creeper (stoloniferous) and obliquely obovate, the margins winged, with apical or ventral beak; in other words, they are a small, dry, one-seeded fruit that do not open to release the seed, set on a slant, narrower at the base, with winged edges, and having a "beaked" aperture (one side longer than the other) for sprouting, set above or below the fruit body.

One of the names for this plant is derived from the edible underwater tuber that the plant produces. In late fall or early spring, disturbing the aquatic mud in which the plant grows will cause its small tubers to float to the surface where they can be harvested, and then boiled.

Selected species

Wapato bulb
Crisps (chips) made from tuber
  • Sagittaria aginashi Makino
  • Sagittaria australis (J.G.Sm.) Small – Appalachian Arrowhead
  • Sagittaria brevirostra Mack. & Bush – Shortbeak Arrowhead
  • Sagittaria cuneata E.P.Sheld. – Wapato, Northern Arrowhead, Swamp Potato
  • Sagittaria demersa J.G.Sm.
  • Sagittaria engelmanniana J.G.Sm. – Engelmann's arrowhead
  • Sagittaria fasciculata E.O.Beal – Bunched Arrowhead
  • Sagittaria filiformis J.G.Sm. – Threadleaf Arrowhead
  • Sagittaria graminea Michx. – Grassy Arrowhead, Grass-leaved Arrowhead
  • Sagittaria guayanensis Kunth – Guyanese Arrowhead
  • Sagittaria isoetiformis J.G.Sm. – Quillwort Arrowhead
  • Sagittaria kurziana Glück – Springtape or Strap-leaf Sagittaria
  • Sagittaria lancifolia L. – Bulltongue Arrowhead
  • Sagittaria latifolia Willd. – Duck-potato, Broad-leaved Arrowhead, Wapato

Formerly placed here

  • Echinodorus palaefolius (Nees & Mart.) J.F.Macbr. (as S. palaefolia Nees & Mart.)
  • Limnophyton obtusifolium (L.) Miq. (as S. obtusifolia L.)
  • Wiesneria triandra (Dalzell) Micheli (as S. triandra Dalzell)[4]

References

  1. ↑ "Sagittaria L.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 1998-09-03. Retrieved 2010-07-13. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 3. Sagittaria Linnaeus, Flora of North America
  3. ↑ The Probert Encyclopaedia - Animals And Plants (A)
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Species Records of Sagittaria". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-07-13. 
  5. ↑ "Sagittaria". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 13 July 2010. 
  • Rataj, K., Annot. Zool. Bot. (Bratislava) 76:1-31 (1972); 78:1-61 (1972)
  • Staff of the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, Hortus Third, pg. 993

External links

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