Kuningan Regency
| Kuningan Regency | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Aman Sehat Rindang Indah | |
  Kuningan Regency | |
| Coordinates: 6°45′S 108°23′E / 6.750°S 108.383°E | |
| Country | Indonesia |
| Province | West Java |
| Government | |
| • Regent | H. Aang Hamid Suganda, S.Sos. |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1,178.58 km2 (455.05 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 680 m (2,520 ft) |
| Population (2007) | |
| • Total | 1,140,777 |
| Time zone | WIB (UTC+7) |
| Area code(s) | 0232 |
| Website | http://www.kuningankab.go.id |
Kuningan Regency is a regency (kabupaten) of West Java, Indonesia. Kuningan is its capital. Kuningan is located in the east of the province.
Etimology
Kuningan is locally believed the name to have come from the Malay word kuning meaning yellow. Alternate the name proliferate: from the Malay or Sundanese word kuningan, a kind of metal. The metal have been used for hundreds of years in this area.
History
Pre Historic
The oldest human inhabitant archaeological findings in the region in 1972 such as sherds, stone tools, grave stone and ceramic were unearthed in Cipari site with evidences of bronze and iron metallurgical culture, that assume it belonged to the Old Megalithicum age, from around 3500 BC to 1500 BC.
Hindu Period
The Sunda kingdom then came into the ruling power of the region, the reference to which were found in the story of Parahyangan (babad Parahyangan).
Islam Period
An Ulama known today as Syarif Hidaytullah settled in Cirebon, with the intention of spreading the world of Islam in this still pagan town. In the meantime, his pregnant wife Queen Ontin Nio from China came to this city and born children know today as Prince of Kuningan. Prince of Kuningan ascend the throne on September 1, 1498 that was officially declared as Kuningan government established.
Independence Period
A notable event in Indonesian history occurred in Kuningan regency when the Linggadjati Agreement was signed between the Indonesian and Dutch governments on November 15, 1946, in the village of Linggajati within the regency. There is a small well-appointed museum at the village, about 25 km from Cirebon, which records the events of the Linggadjati conference.
Geography
Kuningan is bordered by Cirebon to the north, Majalengka to the west, Ciamis to the south and Brebes, Central Java to the east. The regency capital is Kuningan city. Its elevation is 768 metres (2,520 ft) above sea level. The regency's landscape is one of volcanic mountains, steep terrain, forest, mountains rivers and fertile agricultural land. The highest mountain in the province, Ciremai (3,076 m) is located in this regency. There are numerous tropical rainforests in Kuningan, with such tree species as Pinus (pinus Merkusii), Jati Artocarpus elasticus (Moraceae), Dysoxylum caulostachyum (Meliaceae), langsat Lansium domesticum (Meliaceae), and Planchonia valida (Lecythidaceae), being represented.
Population and Demographics
According to the 2010 Census, Kuningan's population is 1,035,589 people, consists of 520,632 male and 514,957 female. The population is 97% Muslim, 2% Chatolics and 1% follower of other religions. It's ethnic composition consists of Sundanese 95%, Javanese 2%, Chinese 1%, and other ethnic groups 3%. In addition to Indonesian, the official national language, the other widely-spoken language in the regency is Sundanese. In some areas near the estern borders with Central Java, Javanese is also spoken.
Local economy
Small scale enterprise in the regency includes the production of patchouli oil, an essential oil produced from Patchouli. But the cost and quality of patchouli oil produced in the area still needs to be improved.[1] The selling price of patchouli in the region fluctuates markedly. This reflects several factors including market access to end users and the role of national brokers in the marketing chain. Standards of processing and refining of raw materials are not of high standards. Distillation is done at the local level and quality is still low (not meeting ISO levels). Amongst other things, this is because farmers who are producing local patchouli oil do not pay attention to factors such as the treatment of raw materials, the proportion of patchouli stems used with leaves, distillation methods, types of material used, reliance on solar stills, and inappropriate cooling and circulation techniques in production.
Quality improvement efforts that need to be adopted include improving the quality of the Fe (iron) content of patchouli oil because excessive levels make the oil too dark. Purification can reduce levels of iron from as high as 340.2 ppm down to 104.5 ppm. Further, densities that too small or too large reduce the low percentage of essential oil which can recovered.
Identification of the main components of local atchouli oil indicates a value of patchouli alcohol (PA) of about 27-29%. Improved treatment of material to be distilled can raise levels of PA to about 30-32%.
Government
The Regency has an area of 1,178.58 km²; with an average of 878.7 people per km². It's divided into 32 subdistricts (kecamatan) and 376 village (desa/kelurahan). List of subdistrict in Kuningan regency:
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Tourist destinations
There are several tourist locations in Kuningan regency such as: the Linggarjati museum, Sangkanhurip hot water spa, Cibulan and Cigugur fish pond, Darma dam (Waduk Darma ) and Talaga Remis ( Remis Lake ).
The area of Palutungan, a new location tourist destination is known as 'Lembang of Kuningan' (Lembang is famous tourist destination near Bandung) located in 1,100 meter above sea level has fresh air, good views and a 8 meter waterfall. The waterfall is called Curug Putri (Lady Waterfall) is located in Cisantana village, Cigugur district. From Kuningan to Palutungan one can pass through Cigugur fish pond and Cisantana Maria cave.[2]
Kuningan Botanical Garden
Kuningan Botanical Garden in Padabeunghar (All Rich) Village is 154.9 hectares and in September 2012, 29 hectares is on fire which killed 10,014 trees of 30 species. All of burn trees are not yet cataloged because of its pioneer status which are planted in 2007.[3]
Sports
Kuningan is the home town of the Pesik football team. Its home base is Mashud Wisnusaputra Stadium. Other potential sports in Kuningan is athletic.
References
- ↑ Patchouli oil is also produced in other areas of Indonesia, such as in Bali and East Java. See Duncan Graham 'Essential improvements for essential oil', The Jakarta Post, 29 May 2006.
- ↑ 'Lembang of Kuningan'
- ↑ "Lebih Dari Sepuluh Ribu Pohon Pionir di Kebun Raya Kuningan Mati Terbakar". September 9, 2012.
External links
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Coordinates: 6°58′44″S 108°28′48″E / 6.97889°S 108.48000°E