Kilbride, County Wicklow

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Kilbride
Cill Bhríde
Village
Kilbride
Coordinates: 53°11′53″N 6°28′01″W / 53.198°N 6.467°W / 53.198; -6.467Coordinates: 53°11′53″N 6°28′01″W / 53.198°N 6.467°W / 53.198; -6.467
Country Ireland
Province Leinster
County County Wicklow
Area
 • Total 46.9112 km2 (18.1125 sq mi)
Population (2011)
 • Total 975
 • Density 21/km2 (54/sq mi)
Time zone WET (UTC+0)
 • Summer (DST) IST (WEST) (UTC-1)
Historical population
Year Pop.  ±%  
1841 1,324—    
1851 897−32.3%
1881 1,063+18.5%
1926 537−49.5%
1961 532−0.9%
2011 975+83.3%
[1]

Kilbride (Irish: Cill Bhríde), or Manor Kilbride, is the name of a village, civil parish and District electoral division located in County Wicklow, Ireland, located at the western edge of the Wicklow Mountains in the barony of Talbotstown Lower. The village is located at the centre of the civil parish.[2]

Geography

Kilbride village is situated in the eponymous townland on the western edge of the Wicklow Mountains, occupying a narrow valley formed by the convergence of the Brittas River and the River Liffey, north of Poulaphouca Reservoir. The valley is bounded by Goldenhill, Cromwellstownhill and Cupidstown Hill to the west with Butterhill and Ballyfoyle to the east. The civil parish of Kilbride covers 11,591 statute acres, containing the following townlands:

Townland Acreage Irish Name
Aghafarrell 12 Áth Fhearaíl
Athdown 1089 Áth Dúin
Ballyfolan 848 Baile Uí Fhaoláin
Ballyfoyle 433 -
Brittas 245 An Briotás
Butter Mountain 935 Sliabh an Bhóthair
Carrignagower 205 -
Cloghleagh 700 -
Goldenhill 181 -
Kilbride 938 Cill Bhríde
Kippure 1450 Cipiúr
Knockatillane 579 -
Knockbane 103 -
Lisheens 373 Na Lisíní
Moanaspick 282 Móin Easpaig
Scurlocksleap 630 Léim an Scorlógaigh
Shankill 1338 An tSeanchill
Tinode 1250 Tigh Nód [3][4]

Much of the parish consists of mountain and blanket bog; the parish boundaries are formed by the southwest-northeast ridge of Cromwellstownhill and Cupidstown Hill to the west, the Brittas River to the north and the peaks of Seefin (621m), Seefingan (723m) and Kippure (757m) to the northeast. The upper reaches of the River Liffey form the southeast boundary. A small stream bounds with Blessington parish to the southwest. The parish borders with the counties of Kildare and Dublin to the west and north. The N81 road from Dublin to Baltinglass runs southwest through a valley between Cromwellstownhill and Goldenhill, across the townlands of Moanaspick and Tinode. The R759 road, one of two routes crossing the Wicklow Mountains, runs southeast above the Liffey through Kilbride, Knockatillane, Cloghleagh, Scurlocksleap, Athdown and Kippure. The village and parish of Kilbride is located within a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.[5]

History

Prehistory

A cluster of four cairns of Neolithic or Bronze Age origin are located at the summit of Golden Hill immediately west of the village.[6] Two enclosures of prehistoric or early medieval date,[7] and four cairns of Neolithic or Bronze Age date are situated at the summit of the Dowry Hill within Kilbride townland.[8] Six additional cairns of likely prehistoric date are located in the eastern half of Cloghleagh.[9] Passage Tombs are located atop both Seefin and Seefingan.[10][11] All are listed in the Record of Monuments and Places maintained by the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht. A polished stone axehead was recovered from the townland of Knockatillane in 1866.[12]

Early Medieval

Ringforts of likely early medieval date are located atop Golden Hill,[13][14] below Cloghleagh Church,[15][16] and adjacent to the deserted settlement at Lisheens.[17][18] A 'perforated stone, found at an earthen fort, adjoining Kilbride Parish Church' was presented to the Royal Irish Academy in 1866; this may have been an early medieval quern stone, presumably recovered from the ringfort below Cloghleagh Church.[19] There are no visible medieval remains in the modern village. Liam Price suggested the townland and parish name indicated an Early Christian church was located in the townland of Shankill, under the jurisdiction of St. Bridget's Monastery of Kildare.[20]

Anglo-Norman settlement

Price speculated an Anglo-Norman parish church, founded before 1250, was located in the existing graveyard, listed as a church site in the Record of Monuments and Places.[21][22] An early medieval cross-slab was removed from the graveyard and presented to the National Museum of Ireland in 1970.[23] The Catholic church contains a font reputedly removed from the earlier church.[24] A 2009 survey of the graveyard showed the earliest gravestones, dating from the first decades of the 18th century, clustered around a raised area at the centre of the graveyard, likely the site of the medieval church.[25] A 1630 visitation of the diocese of Dublin noted the impropriations of the churches of Kilteel and Kilbride were held by the Alen family of St. Wolstan's: 'church and chauncels are very ruinous'.[26]

The medieval history of Kilbride is obscure. West Wicklow was densely forested in the medieval period, reflected in the medieval name of 'Coillacht' for the barony of Talbotstown and a reference to the church of Kilbride as 'Kylbryde in the Colach' in 1291.[27][28] This area formed part of the estates of the Archbishop of Dublin; in the late 12th century his seneschal, Elias Harold, was seated in Threecastles, then 'Villa Elye Harold in Coillacht' or Haroldstown.[29] Despite later references to the manor and lordship of Kilbride, it is unclear whether the townland or parish contained a manorial centre or the dwelling of a principal landowner; a likely site would be close to the graveyard or in the grounds of the adjacent manor house. No relevant documentary or archaeological evidence has been identified. The townland name Brittas suggests a bretasche, an earth and timber fortification from the first phase of Norman settlement, but no site of that type has yet been identified; an adjoining townland of the same name is in the parish of Tallaght. The townland name Scurlocksleap, recorded as early as 1655 also suggests an early Anglo-Norman settler or landowner.[30] Athdown contains the site of a possible Anglo-Norman motte and the site of a possible church and graveyard. The motte has been erased by quarrying.[31][32][33][34] Liam Price speculated the church was the 'Ecclesia de Villa Reysin' noted in the 13th century extent Crede Mihi.[35]

Later medieval

The Hospitaller Preceptory of Kilteel acquired Rathmore and Kilbride from the Archbishop of Dublin in the 14th century.[36] The area was a disputed marchland, a 'land of war' beyond the boundaries of the English Pale defined by the fortified settlements at Rathmore and Kilteel to the west and claimed by the Gaelic O'Tooles of North Wicklow. The Alen family of St. Wolstans obtained possession of the preceptory and its possessions in 1540.[37] The troubled status of the area is reflected in a 1541 grant confirming their title:

“ "in consideration that the Preceptory, lordship or manor of Kilheale, in Kildare county, is situated in the marches thereof near the Irish enemies, the Tholes (O'Tooles), where resistance and defence are required, grant to Thomas Alan and Mary his wife, the said lordship."[38] ”

A 1543 lease of the preceptory and its possessions to Thomas Alen included Kilbride.[39] The earls of Kildare gained control of much of the surrounding area in the late 15th century. A tower house at Threecastles in Blessington parish, three kilometres west of Kilbride controlling a fording point across the River Liffey may have been constructed by the eighth Earl of Kildare before 1514 to protect this territory against the O'Tooles.[40][41] In 1524 Sir Piers Butler, in response to the Fitzgeralds' murder of Sir Robert Talbot, the Sheriff of Dublin, seized Threecastles and installed a garrison.[42] In 1538 a force under the command of John Kelway, Constable of Rathmore, was ambushed and slain at Threecastles by a force under the command of Turlough O'Toole.[43] In 1547, Turlough's son, Brian O'Toole of Powerscourt, then sheriff of Dublin, defeated an alliance between FitzGerald rebels and the O'Tooles of Imaal at Threecastles.[44] The Annals of the Four Masters describes the battle:

“ The rebel[s] Fitzgeralds sustained a great defeat at Baile-na-dtri-gCaislen from the English, and from Brian-an-chogaidh, the son of Turlough O'Toole, in which the two sons of James, son of the Earl, namely, Maurice-an-fheadha and Henry, with fourteen of their people, were taken prisoners. They were afterwards conveyed to Dublin, and all cut into quarters, excepting Maurice, who was imprisoned in the King's castle, until it should be determined what death he should receive. Thus were these plunderers and rebels dispersed and scared; and although their career was but of short duration (one year only), they committed vast depredations.[45] ”

An entry in Friar Clyn's  Annals of Ireland suggests Kilbride was one of a number of settlements on the borders of the Pale raided and burnt by Rory O'More in the 1570s.[46]

A deserted settlement of medieval or early modern date is located in Lisheens townland, 2 km north of Kilbride village,[47] close to two circular enclosures, a ringfort and a cross-inscribed stone.[48] The proximity of the ringfort suggests continuity of settlement here from the early medieval period. The cross-inscribed stone may be a Mass rock dating from the era of the Penal Laws. The field system associated with the settlement is distinct from that depicted on the 1838 Ordnance Survey maps, suggesting it was abandoned before 1800. A second deserted settlement of possible medieval date lies northeast of Cloghleagh bridge.[49]

Early Modern

The Down Survey map and terrier for Kilbride and Blessington parishes, completed c. 1655, do not depict or describe any buildings within the parish of Kilbride. However Threecastles contained a garrison, installed to secure the area in the aftermath of the Cromwellian Conquest of Ireland.[50] Despite the nominal conclusion of the conflict in 1653, Wicklow continued to serve as a refuge for the remnants of the Confederate forces or Rapparees and the Cromwellian government excluded Wicklow from military protection, rendering the entire county a free-fire zone. The regime also sought to exclude the Catholic Old English and Gaelic Irish, seen as potential Confederate sympathisers. In May 1656, the government was issuing:

“ special orders and directions for the speedy and effectual removal of all such Irish Papists out of the County of Wicklow, as have presumed to return and to inhabit there...it being hoped and intended the same should be thoroughly and seasonably planted and inhabited by Protestants of this and the English nation.[51] ”

In 1702 Francis Allen of St. Wolstans leased the 'Manor and Lordship of Kilbride', coterminous with the civil parish, to Henry Fitzpatrick of Friarstown for a term of 299 years.[52][53] George Ponsonby acquired the lease in 1796. In 1824 the lease was purchased from his widow Lady Ponsonby by the Moore family.[54]

In 1766, Robert Green, vicar of the united parishes of Rathmore, Kilteel and Kilbride recorded three Protestant families and 85 Roman Catholic families within the parish of Kilbride.[55] No building is depicted within Kilbride townland on Jacob Neville's 1760 map of Wicklow, but houses are depicted at Tinode and Aghfarrell. The National Inventory of Architectural Heritage dates Talbotstown House in Buttermountain townland to c. 1750, suggesting it is the same building marked as Aghfarrell House in Neville's map and the earliest extant building in the parish.[56] However the 1838 Ordnance Survey map depicts the ruins of 'Aghfarrell House' a short distance to the north of Talbotstown House, in Aghfarrell townland.[57] Taylor and Skinner's 1777 map marks Aghfarrell as the residence of 'Allen Esq.'[58]

Neville's 1760 map marks the freestone quarry which provided granite for the construction of Nelson's Pillar, the General Post Office, The Custom House and the Four Courts. When the Moore family acquired the Kilbride estate the quarries passed out of use and were replaced by those at Ballyknockan.[59] The worked out remains are visible north and south of the village, in the eastern face of Golden Hill.[60][61]

Nineteenth century

Churches

A Catholic chapel, built in the village in 1776, enlarged in 1835,[62] was replaced by the current church in 1881, built with the patronage of the Catholic M.P. William Henry Ford Cogan who is commemorated in the church windows.

In 1833, the medieval parish of Kilbride, previously part of the Union of Rathmore, was united with the parishes of Burgage and Boystown in the Union of Blessington under the Church of Ireland divisions. The Moore family were responsible for the construction of St Johns Church at Cloghleagh in 1834.[62]

Kilbride Village

In 1821 the population of Kilbride parish was estimated at 1,049 people, with 165 families inhabiting 154 houses.[63] The Ordnance Survey Name Books describe Kilbride in 1838:

“ In the Parish and Townland of Kilbride about three miles North of Blessington. It is a very small village, with a neat Roman Catholick Chapel, and two publick houses. ”

Between 1841 and 1851 the population of the parish declined from 1324 to 897, and the number of inhabited houses declined from 188 to 125.[64]

A Royal Irish Constabulary station and a National school marked south of the chapel on the 1853 Primary Valuations passed out of use before 1900.[65] In 1827 the police station had one constable and three sub-constables.[66] The schoolhouse was replaced by a new building in Knockatillane, built by the Moore family. In 1868 the latter school had 94 pupils.[67][68] The police station and original national school may be incorporated within an existing shop and private dwelling on the site.

The Third Edition OS maps marks a smithy south of the graveyard,[69] also recorded in the 1901 Census, of which no traces survive.[70] The 1901 Census also records a public house in Kilbride townland run by Mary Lalor in 1901, still owned and operated by her descendants.[71] A corn mill depicted in 1838 at the south end of the village, recorded in the 1853 Primary Valuations lies under or within a later dwelling.[72] The millrace survives as a field boundary to the west of the village.

The 1838 OS map also marks a police station in Kippure townland,[73] still described as a barracks in the 1853 Primary Valuations. A third station depicted in Tinode townland,[74] and noted in the 1843 Valuation House Books, was no longer in use by 1853.

Principal houses in the parish

In 1827 Kippure House, located in a wooded demesne high in the mountains was the seat of George Ogle Moore, barrister and M.P for Dublin.[75][76][77] The current manor house, a listed structure, was built by the Moore family in Tudor Revival style c. 1843.[62] It replaced an earlier building, 'Kilbride House' depicted on the 1838 OS maps, possibly built before 1800.[77] George Moore was living in Kilbride Manor in 1844, when James Frazer noted 'a new mansion and other improvements are in progress'.[78] In 1876 Joseph Scott Moore of Manor Kilbride held 8,730 acres.[79]

Kilbride Lodge or Kilbride Cottage, depicted a short distance north of the village in 1838, may have been built by the Tassie family, who held the lease of the adjacent quarry up to 1796, or their successors the Doyle family.[80][81] In 1838 and 1844 the house was listed as the residence of Reverend William Ogle Moore, son of George Ogle Moore and curate of the parishes of Blessington and Kilbride.[82] The house, in replaced or enlarged form, was renamed Glen Heste House in the later nineteenth century.[83] In the twentieth century Glen Heste served as a hotel until the building was destroyed by fire on 6 May 1958.[84] A private airstrip operated from the field south of Glen Heste between 1946 and 1955.[85][86]

William Henry Ford Cogan was responsible for the construction of Tinode House, a listed structure c.1864.[63] Tinode house is built on the site of an earlier coaching inn, Horseshoe House, depicted in the 1838 OS maps,[87] and described in the 1838 Ordnance Survey Name books:

“ In the Townland of Tinode on the West side of the Old Dublin road. It is a fine house, slated and well-sheltered with trees, occupied by Mr. Coogan & was formerly a fine Inn; on the old road from Blessington to Dublin. ”

Tinode House was partly destroyed by fire in 1922.[88]

Transport

Traces of the 'Old road' referred to in 1838 can be seen extending 100–250 metres northwest of the current N81 between Brittas and Tinode House. A comparison of John Taylor's 1816 map of the environs of Dublin and William Duncan's map of 1821 suggests the road was replaced between 1816 and 1821.[89] From 1888 to 1932 the Dublin and Blessington Steam Tramway operated along the current N81 between Terenure and Poulaphouca. The tram stopped at The Lamb Tram Station at the top of the Kilbride Road.[90] Joyce's Neighbourhood of Dublin describes the site in 1912:

“ "The Lamb" where there is now only a tram station and ticket office, but where in former times there stood an inn with the sign of "The Lamb" which has since left its name impressed on the locality. ”

The station building is still extant as a private dwelling. Cupidstown Hill is still known locally as the Lamb Hill.[91]

Kilbride Army Camp

In 1895 lands in Shankill townland were compulsorily acquired from the Moore family to form Kilbride Army Camp. The Camp passed into the possession of Irish forces on 21 March 1922, but was occupied by Anti-Treaty forces during the Irish Civil War.[92] It is still by in use by the Irish Army.

Kilbride today

Kilbride DED had a population of 975 on the 2011 census.[93] St. Brigid's National School has 130 pupils.[94] The existing National School replaced the schoolhouse at Knockatillane in 1969. Craul's Shop lies on the site of the first National School and RIC barracks and faces the entrance to the graveyard. St. John's Church at Cloghleagh is still in use by the Church of Ireland. The metal army barracks in use as a village hall was recently replaced by a more modern building.

Online Sources

Record of Monuments and Places: http://www.archaeology.ie/ArchaeologicalSurveyofIreland/

Ordnance Survey Maps: http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,591271,743300,0,10

Primary Valuation of Ireland: http://www.askaboutireland.ie/griffith-valuation/

1901 Census of Ireland: http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/

References

  1. ↑ http://ncg.nuim.ie/content/projects/famine/maps/pop/Wicklow/
  2. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,702441,717561,6,10
  3. ↑ http://www.thecore.com/seanruad/
  4. ↑ http://www.logainm.ie/Viewer.aspx?text=kilbride&streets=yes&listText=&filterParent=100008&filterType=
  5. ↑ http://www.wicklow.ie/apps/wicklowbeta/Publications/Planning/CountyDevPlan/Maps/Map%2003A.pdf
  6. ↑ Record of Monuments and Places WI005-002,WI001-039,WI001-019
  7. ↑ Record of Monuments and Places WI001-026, WI001-027
  8. ↑ Record of Monuments and Places WI001-028001, WI001-028002, WI001-040001, WI001-040002
  9. ↑ Record of Monuments and Places WI006-001001-6
  10. ↑ Record of Monuments and Places WI006-003: "Description: Situated on the summit of Seefin Mountain. A circular cairn (diam. 24-6m; H 3m) defined by a contiguous kerb of large boulders partly removed at the E and W, covering a narrow lintelled passage (L 11m). The passage is orientated NE-SW, and opens into a rectangular corbelled chamber (dims. 4m x 1.5m) off which there are five recesses (two at each side and one at the end). Only the end and adjoining recesses are visible; the rest are buried under the collapsed cairn. There are two sidestones in the passage decorated with passage tomb art. Excavated in 1931 (Macalister 1932), it produced no evidence of burials or finds. (Herity 1974, 258; Rynne 1963, 85-6; Shee-Twohig 1981, 222-3) The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Wicklow' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1997). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research."
  11. ↑ WI006-004: "Description: Situated on the summit of Seefingan Mountain. Circular cairn (diam. 20m; H 3m) said locally to have contained a 'cave', with a 'tunnel' leading into it (Price and Walshe 1933, 47). Herity (1974, 258) suggests it may be a passage tomb, but no kerb or structures are visible. The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Wicklow' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1997). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. "
  12. ↑ Moore, Joseph Scott 1867. 'On the discovery of a stone hatchet at Kilbride, County of Wicklow' in Journal of the Royal Geological Society of Ireland , Vol. I, pp. 250-252
  13. ↑ Record of Monuments and Places WI001-018: "Description: Situated on a very gentle SW-facing slope c. 200m SW of the summit of Golden Hill. Circular area (diam. 37m) defined by a stony bank (Wth c. 4m; int. H 0.7m) and an external fosse (av. Wth 6m; av. D 0.7m). There is a gap in the bank (Wth 5m) and causeway across the fosse (Wth 6m) at the NE with another causeway (Wth c. 12m) at the SE. There are some large stones in situ in the interior of the site and traces of a boulder revetment at the base of the bank. Possibly a modified prehistoric kerbed cairn. (Price 1934, 46) The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Wicklow' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1997). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research."
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  15. ↑ Record of Monuments and Places WI005-007: "Description: Situated on the SW extremity of a small natural promontory with short steep scarps on the N, S and W sides. An elongated D-shaped enclosure (dims. c. 30m E-W; c. 25m N-S) defined by an earthen bank (H 0.45-0.65m). The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Wicklow' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1997). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research."
  16. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,704716,716451,7,7
  17. ↑ WI001-008: "Description: Situated on a gentle W-facing slope. Circular enclosure (diam. c. 30m) visible on aerial photograph (CUCAP, API 12) defined by a bank and an external fosse with a possible counterscarp bank at the N and W. The bank and fosse were somewhat flattened along the SE (upslope) where there is a slight indication of an entrance causeway. Removed before 1973 (a possible trace is visible on aerial photographs (GSIAP, O 89-90)). Not visible at ground level. The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Wicklow' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1997). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research."
  18. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,702908,719059,7,9
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  21. ↑ Record of Monuments and Places WI001-022002
  22. ↑ Price, Liam 1953. The Placenames of County Wicklow IV - The Barony of Talbotstown Lower. Dublin. p. 402
  23. ↑ Record of Monuments and Places WI001-022006; NMI Reg. No. 1970:189
  24. ↑ Record of Monuments and Places WI001-046
  25. ↑ Halligan, Janet 2009. Manor Kilbride Graveyard Survey (Blessington History Society).
  26. ↑ Ronan, M.V. 1941, 'Archbishop Bulkeley's Visitation of Dublin in Archivium Hibernicum, Vol. 8 pp. 56-98, p. 80
  27. ↑ http://www.independent.ie/regionals/wicklowpeople/news/site-was-scene-of-bitter-fighting-27863455.html
  28. ↑ Price 1953, 402
  29. ↑ http://www.independent.ie/regionals/wicklowpeople/news/site-was-scene-of-bitter-fighting-27863455.html
  30. ↑ Price, Liam 1953. The Placenames of County Wicklow IV - The Barony of Talbotstown Lower. Dublin. p. 406
  31. ↑ Record of Monuments Places WI006-013
  32. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,706621,714042,7,7
  33. ↑ Record of Monuments and Places WI006-012
  34. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,706075,714150,7,7
  35. ↑ Price 1953, 399
  36. ↑ Price, 1953, 402
  37. ↑ Nicholls 1994.Irish Fiants of the Tudor Sovereigns during the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI, Philip & Mary, and Elizabeth I. Dublin. Elizabeth No. 1087
  38. ↑ Joyce, Weston St. John 1922. The Neighbourhood of Dublin: Its Topography, Antiquities and Historical Associations. Dublin. p. 387
  39. ↑ Morrin, James 1861. Calendar of the Patent and Close Rolls of Chancery of Ireland of the Reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary and Elizabeth:Volume I. Dublin, p. 92
  40. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,701105,715652,7,3
  41. ↑ Record of Monuments and Places WI005-031; http://www.independent.ie/regionals/wicklowpeople/news/site-was-scene-of-bitter-fighting-27863455.html
  42. ↑ http://www.independent.ie/regionals/wicklowpeople/news/site-was-scene-of-bitter-fighting-27863455.html
  43. ↑ Joyce, Weston St. John 1922. The Neighbourhood of Dublin: Its Topography, Antiquities and Historical Associations. Dublin. pp. 391-395
  44. ↑ O'Byrne, Emmett 2005, 'One World: The Communities of the South Dublin Marches' in History Ireland, Vol. 3, Issue 13, May/June 2005.
  45. ↑ http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100005E/index.html
  46. ↑ Butler Butler Rev. Edward (Ed.) 1849. The Annals of Ireland by Friar John Clyn. Dublin. p. 43
  47. ↑ Record of Monuments and Places WI001-005- Corlett, Chris 2007. 'A Fossilised Landscape in County Wicklow' in Archaeology Ireland, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 16-20
  48. ↑ Record of Monuments and Places WI001-006, WI001-008, WI004-044
  49. ↑ Record of Monuments and Places WI005-009: "Description: Situated between the Shankill River to W, the modern road to the S and a sunken lane to the E. A complex of at least five rectangular houses each with smaller structures attached. Some buildings lie within small rectangular 'yards' or enclosures. The complex covers 0.35 hectares (c. 0.9 acres). The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Wicklow' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1997). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research."
  50. ↑ http://downsurvey.tcd.ie/down-survey-maps.php#bm=Ballincor&c=Wicklow&indexOfObjectValue=-1&indexOfObjectValueSubstring=-1&p=Three+Castles+and+Kilbride
  51. ↑ Dunlop 1913. Ireland under the Commonwealth. Vol. II Manchester. pp. 602-603
  52. ↑ National Archives M5374(4)
  53. ↑ Lease of Kilbride by Francis Allen son of Patrick Allen of St Wolstan’s to Henry Fitzpatrick of Fryarstown Kildare 1700: doeth demise grant set and to farm let unto the said Henry Fitzpatrick his executors administrators and assigns all that and those the manor or lordship and lands of Kilbride, Buttermountain, Knockatalane, the Lesseens, Ballyfolane, Ballyfoile, Adoone, Scurlocksleape, Cloghoge, Glanbride, and all other the lands and tenements of what denomination whatsoever part of parcel of Kilbride aforesaid containing by estimation 4141 acres plantation measure be they more or less lying and being in the county of Wicklow together with all...... to be granted with their and every of their rights members and appurtenances unto the said Henry Fitzpatrick...for the term time and space of 299 years the said term to commence the 1st day of November which shall be in the year of our lord god 1702...yearly rent of £400
  54. ↑ http://wicklowgranitequarries.jimdo.com/history/golden-hill/
  55. ↑ Gurrin, Brian F. 2006, 'Three Eighteenth Century Surveys of County Wicklow' in Analecta Hibernica, No. 39, pp. 79-134, p 101
  56. ↑ http://www.buildingsofireland.ie/niah/search.jsp?type=record&county=WI&regno=16400201
  57. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,705417,721193,7,7
  58. ↑ Taylor, George and Skinner, Andrew 1778. Taylor & Skinner's Maps of the Roads of Ireland, Surveyed 1777. Dublin. p 138
  59. ↑ http://wicklowgranitequarries.jimdo.com/history/golden-hill/
  60. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,702133,717959,7,7
  61. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,702120,717627,7,7
  62. ↑ http://www.libraryireland.com/topog/K/Kilbride-Lower-Talbotstown-Wicklow.php
  63. ↑ House of Commons 1824. Abstract of the answers and returns made pursuant to an act of the United Parliament, passed in the 55th year of the reign of His Late Majesty George the Third, intituled,"an act to provide for taking an account of the population of Ireland, and for ascertaining the increase or diminution thereof." Preliminary observations. Enumeration abstract. Appendix. M. DCCC. XXI. Dublin. p. 128
  64. ↑ http://eppi.dippam.ac.uk/documents/13121/eppi_pages/160549
  65. ↑ http://griffiths.askaboutireland.ie/gv4/single_layer/i8.php?lat=&longt=&dum=0&sheet=2&mysession=2344753172024&info=&place=&county=Wicklow&placename=Aghfarrell&parish=%3Cb%3EKilbride%3C/b%3E&country=Ireland&union=&barony=Talbotstown,%20lower
  66. ↑ House of Commons 1830. Constabulary, Ireland. Return of the constabulary police of Ireland, and, an account, in detail, of all expenses incurred on account of the Inspectors General of Police in Ireland, and resident magistrates, under the Constabulary Act, during each of the last three years. London. p. 56
  67. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,704378,717065,7,9
  68. ↑ House of Commons 1870. Royal Commission of Inquiry Primary Education (Ireland). Vol. VI. Educational Census. Returns showing the number of children actually present in each primary school on 25th June, 1868. London. p. 147
  69. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,702420,717408,7,9
  70. ↑ http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/reels/nai001307664/
  71. ↑ http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/reels/nai001307662/
  72. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,702378,717039,7,7
  73. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,709055,714191,7,7
  74. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,701496,719522,7,7
  75. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,708394,714112,7,7
  76. ↑ Wright, G.N. 1827. A Guide to the County of Wicklow Dublin. pp. 149, 173
  77. ↑ http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1820-1832/member/moore-george-1778
  78. ↑ Fraser, James 1844. A Hand Book for Travellers in Ireland, descrptive of the scenery, towns, seats, antiquities, etc. Dublin. p. 127
  79. ↑ http://eppi.dippam.ac.uk/documents/16252/eppi_pages/194535
  80. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,702293,718103,7,7
  81. ↑ http://wicklowgranitequarries.jimdo.com/history/golden-hill/
  82. ↑ O'Malley Irwin, George 1844. The Illustrated Handbook to the County of Wicklow. Dublin. pp. 52-53
  83. ↑ http://source.southdublinlibraries.ie/bitstream/10599/10297/3/wm_Glenheste%20Hotel%20Manor%20Kilbride.jpg
  84. ↑ Irish Times, 7 May 1958, p. 1
  85. ↑ http://irishavsites.com/sitedata.htm
  86. ↑ Royal Aero Club Aviation Centre 1951. Air Touring Guide to Europe 1951-52. London. pp 79, 81
  87. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,701135,719200,7,7
  88. ↑ http://www.buildingsofireland.ie/niah/search.jsp?type=record&county=WI&regno=16400101
  89. ↑ http://gis.sdublincoco.ie/historical_mapping/
  90. ↑ http://maps.osi.ie/publicviewer/#V1,701729,719413,7,9
  91. ↑ Joyce 1921, 390
  92. ↑ http://www.bureauofmilitaryhistory.ie/reels/bmh/BMH.WS1161.pdf#page=13
  93. ↑ http://ncg.nuim.ie/content/projects/famine/maps/pop/Wicklow/
  94. ↑ http://www.education.ie/en/Publications/Inspection-Reports-Publications/Whole-School-Evaluation-Reports-List/report1_10683N.pdf
Places in County Wicklow
Towns
Villages
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