Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Police

The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Police (formerly the Frontier Police) is responsible for law enforcement and policing in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Police force is headed by Nasir Khan Durrani.

History

The areas that constitute the present-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province have witnessed influences from various civilizations, such as the Persians, Greeks, Bactrians and the Kushans. Further, the land of Pashtun came under the rule of the Ghaznavi, Ghauri, Timurid, Afghan, Mughal and the Sikh dynasties as well. These dynasties maintained various arrangements to police over its populations, such as instating kotwals in cities, chaukidars in villages, barkandaz for the supervision of labour work of convicts and private militia in different Khanates of the time.

In 1849, the land of the Pashtun was annexed by the British. Initially the British maintained the policing system of the Mughals and Sikhs in major part of the Pashtun land, however, to establish durable peace and security Punjab Frontier Force was raised. After the war of independence in 1857, there was no organised police force in India and a full-fledged policing system was established under Police Act of 1861. The Act was extended to frontier territory in 1889 and a number of armed personnel were placed at the disposal of the Deputy Commissioner/district Magistrate for Police duties.

Police Act of 1861

After gaining full control of India the British rulers constituted a Police Commission on 17 August 1860. This Commission submitted its report within 22 days with a draft Police Act which was enacted in 1861 and the present Police force came into being. This Police Act was drafted on the lines of Irish Constabulary Act and was primarily meant to create a Police force to consolidate and maintain the British Raj in India. It was absolutely different from the philosophy, duties and objectives of Police forces in Great Britain.

In 1901, the frontier territory was constituted as a province called North West Frontier Province (NWFP) and placed under a Chief Commissioner who was agent to Governor General of India. In this new province, two administrative systems were established: The British territory of the province was divided into five settled districts, i.e., Hazara, Peshawar, Kohat, Bannu and Dera Ismail Khan and the territories lying in the north and west of the settled districts were divided into five Political Agencies, i.e., Khyber, Kurrum, North Waziristan, South Waziristan and Chitral-Dir-Swat Agency. Each Political Agency was under a Political Agent. The settled districts were under the Inspector General of Punjab. Criminal Courts were established under Code of Criminal Procedure in 1889. There was Cantonment Police for the protection of garrison as well. For Political Agencies, different Levies were raised like Samana Rifles, Border Military Police, Chitral Scouts and Kurrum Militia. In addition to the Levies, the indigenous Maliki and Khasadari systems were also allowed to continue. Samana Rifles and Border Military Police were later merged in 1913 to form a new force – the Frontier Constabulary (FC) was constituted. In 1935, Police Training School was established in Hangu.

After a reasonable time of its introduction and operations on ground, the government of India appointed a seven member Commission headed by Andrews Henderson Leith Frazer on 9 July 1902 in order to have a detailed review and to recommend possible improvements. The Commission recommended limited organizational and procedural modifications.

After Partition

The Police Rules were framed in 1934 which provide detailed instructions/procedures on all aspects of Police working. Pakistan became a sovereign and independent state on 14 August 1947 when the British colonial masters left after dividing the sub-continent into two countries of India and Pakistan. After the independence of Pakistan, the Police Act of 1861 was still in vogue, yet successive governments appointed 24 commissions and committees to suggest proposals to improve the police force in teething country.

From 1901 to 1947, all Inspector General were British military of civil officers. After independence in 1947, Khan Gul Muhammad Khan became the first local IG Police in 1948. In 1955, Muhammad Anwar Ali became the IGP when NWFP became part of West Pakistan under One Unit System. MAK Chaudhary was posted as IGP NWFP in 1970 after the abolishment of the One Unit system. In 2010, NWFP was renamed as Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) during the tenure of IGP Malik Naveed Khan.

Modern times

From 1947 to 2001, no major paradigm shift took place in the NWFP police organisation except when the police uniform was changed and black coloured shirt was introduced while the Khaki drill trousers of Pakistan Army was kept intact. This was done during President Ayub Khan's time. This pattern of uniform is still in use.

The Government promulgated a new police order 2002 which brought many important changes in the police system and made it more responsive accountable and democratic.

Agency executives of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Police

Inspector Generals of Police

The current Inspector General of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Police is: Lt Cdr (R) Ihsan Ghani (since 16th Apr 2013).

Below is a list of former inspector generals that served the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Police.

1. Arthur Finch Perrott (CIE, IP)
   • 4 April 1938 – 3 April 1939
   • 2 August 1940 – 1 September 1940
   • 2 December 1940 – 30 August 1944
   • 3 October 1944 – 1 July 1945
   • 29 August 1945 – 3 October 1945
2. Sir Oliver Gilbert Grace (CIE, OBE)
   • 10 April 1947 – 23 April 1948
   • 1 November 1948 – 9 August 1951
3. Sardar Abdur Rashid (PSP)
   • 10 August 1951 – 31 July 1952
   • 1 October 1952 – 23 April 1953
4. Ayub Baksh Awan (PSP)
   • 1 August 1952 – 9 November 1952
   • 24 April 1953 – 17 August 1955
5. Mahmood Ali Khan Chaudhry (PSP)
   • 1 July 1970 – 10 May 1971
6. Muhammad Muzaffar Khan Bangash (TQA, PPM, PSP)
   • 14 May 1971 – 7 Nov 1972
7. Saifullah Khan (PSP)
   • 7 November 1972 – 12 February 1974
8. Mian Bashir Ahmed (PSP)
   • 18 February 1972 – 19 February 1975
9. M Y Orakzai (PSP)
   • 19 February 1975 – 14 July 1980
10. Dil Jan Khan (PSP)
    • 1 December 1983 – 2 November 1985
11. Muhammad Abbas Khan (PSP)
    • 3 November 1985 – 1 June 1988
    • 29 January 1989 – 5 September 1990
12. Syed Saddat Ali Shah (PSP)
    • 12 June 1988 – 29 January 1989
13. Syed Masud Shah (PSP)
    • 5 September 1990 – 28 July 1993
    • 26 February 1994 – 10 November 1996
14. Javaid Qayum Khan (PSP)
    • 28 July 1993 – 26 February 1994
15. Muhammad Aziz Khan (PSP)
    • 10 November 1996 – 10 March 1997
16. Syed Kamal Shah (SST, PSP)
    • 10 March 1997 – 26 October 1999
17. Muhammad Saeed Khan (PSP)
    • 26 October 1999 – 7 June 2003
18. Muhammad Raffat Pasha (PSP)
    • 17 June 2003 – 8 January 2007
19. Muhammad Sharif Virk (PSP)
    • 8 January 2007 – 11 March 2008
20. Malik Naveed Khan (PSP)
    • 12 March 2008 – 30 August 2010
21. Fiaz Ahmad Khan Toru (PSP)
    • 31 August 2010 – 24 October 2011
22. Nawabzada Muhammad Akbar Khan Hoti (PSP)
    • 25 October 2011 – 16 April 2013
23. Lt.Cdr (R) Ihsan Ghani (PSP)
    • May 2013 - September 2013
24. Nasir Khan Durrani (PSP)
    • Incumbent

Additional IGs

Various additional inspector generals of police are instated under the IGs to look after distinct affairs in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Below is a list of current AIGs:

• AIG Operations, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
• AIG Headquarters, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Khalid Masood
• AIG Investigation, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa:
• AIG Special Branch, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Muhammad Masood Khan Afridi
• AIG Elite Police Force, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
• AIG Frontier Reserve Police, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Amir Hamza Mehsud

External links

• Official website