Kathy Hochul

Kathy Hochul
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 26th district
In office June 1, 2011 – January 3, 2013
Preceded by	Chris Lee
Succeeded by	Brian Higgins
County Clerk of Erie County, New York
In office January 1, 2007 – June 1, 2011
Deputy	John Crangle
Preceded by	David Swarts
Succeeded by	Christopher Jacobs
Deputy County Clerk of Erie County, New York
In office 2003–2007
Preceded by	Kenneth Kruly
Succeeded by	John Crangle
Personal details
Born	Kathleen Courtney (1958-08-27) August 27, 1958 Buffalo, New York
Political party	Democratic
Spouse(s)	William Hochul (m. 1984)[1]
Children	Two
Residence	Snyder, New York
Alma mater	Syracuse University, B.A. Catholic University, J.D[2]
Religion	Catholic[3]
Assets	$780,000 – $1.6 million[4]
Boards	Kathleen Mary House Immaculata Academy
Website	hochul.house.gov

Kathleen Courtney "Kathy" Hochul (pronounced HOKE-ul; born August 27, 1958)^[5] is an American politician who was the U.S. Representative for New York's 26th congressional district from June 1, 2011 to January 3, 2013. She prevailed in the four-candidate special election of May 24, 2011, to fill the seat left vacant by the resignation of Republican Chris Lee,^[6] and was the first Democrat to represent the district in 40 years.^[1]

Hochul served as the County Clerk of Erie County, New York from 2007 until 2011, when she assumed her seat in Congress. Previously, she was a deputy county clerk, a member of the Hamburg town board, a practicing attorney, and a legislative aide.

Hochul was defeated for re-election by Republican former Erie County Executive Chris Collins, after being redistricted to the 27th district. She currently serves as a government relations specialist with Buffalo based M&T Bank.^[7]

Early life, education, and pre-congressional career

Hochul was born Kathleen Courtney, the second oldest of the six children of John Courtney, then a college student and clerical worker, and Pat Courtney, a homemaker.^[1] Hochul's family struggled financially during her early years and for a time lived in a trailer near a steel plant.^[1] By the time Hochul was in college, however, her father was working for the information technology company which he later headed.^[1]

Hochul became politically active during her college years at Syracuse University, leading a boycott of the student bookstore over high prices and an unsuccessful effort to name the university stadium after running back Ernie Davis, an alumnus, instead of the Carrier Corporation.^[1] She received her B.A. degree from Syracuse in 1980 and her law degree from the Columbus School of Law at Catholic University in Washington, D.C. in 1984.^[1][2]

After graduating from law school, Hochul began working for a high-powered Washington D.C. law firm, but found the work unsatisfying.^[1] She then worked on Capitol Hill as a legal counsel-legislative assistant to U.S. Representative John LaFalce and U.S. Senator Daniel Moynihan, and for the New York State Assembly, before seeking elected office.^[8][9]

She became involved in local issues as a booster of small businesses who tried to counteract the effect of Walmart stores.^[9] She was elected as the Democratic and Conservative Party candidate to the Hamburg in November 1994.^[10][11] While on the town board, she led efforts to remove toll barriers on parts of the New York State Thruway system.^[12][13]

In May 2003, Erie County clerk David Swarts appointed Hochul as his deputy clerk.^[8][10] When Swarts left office in 2007, Governor Eliot Spitzer appointed Hochul to fill the post. Though she had been appointed county clerk by Spitzer, she opposed Spitzer's proposal to allow illegal immigrants to apply for a driver's license without producing a social security card.^[14] She said that if the proposal went into effect, she would call the sheriff's office to bring such applicants in for questioning.^[14] She was elected later in 2007 to fill the remainder of Swarts' term.^[15][16] She ran for reelection on four ballot lines: Democratic, Conservative, Independence and Working Families Party, defeating Republican Clifton Bergfeld in November 2010 with 80 percent of the vote.^[9][17]

U.S. House of Representatives

2011 special election

Hochul ran in the four-way special election race of May 24, 2011 to fill the seat in New York's 26th congressional district left vacant by the resignation of Republican Chris Lee. She was the Democratic Party and Working Families Party nominee.^[18] Hochul's residence in Hamburg, just outside the 26th district, became an issue during her campaign, though it did not legally disqualify her from seeking the seat.^[19] One month after her victory, she moved into the district, fulfilling a campaign promise.^[19][20]

The Republican and Conservative Party candidate, state legislator Jane Corwin, was at first strongly favored to win in the Republican-leaning district which had sent a Republican to Congress for the previous four decades.^[1][21][22] A late April poll had Corwin leading Hochul 36-31 percent; independent Tea Party candidate Jack Davis trailed at 23 percent.^[23] An early May poll however, gave Hochul a narrow 35–31 lead,^[24] and shortly thereafter the non-partisan Rothenberg Political Report called the race a "toss-up".^[25] Additional polling in the days immediately preceding the election had Hochul leading by four and six point margins.^[26][27] Additional polling in the days immediately preceding the election had Hochul leading by four- and six-point margins.

In a Washington Post article, it was noted that in the face of a possible upset victory but Hochul, there was already a “full blown spin war” about the meaning of the results. The article went on to say that, for Democrats, the close race was a result of “House Republicans’ budget plan authored by Wisconsin Rep. Paul Ryan — and, in particular, his proposal to turn Medicare into a voucher program.” For Republicans, it was the result of millionaire Jack Davis, who spent “millions to pull votes away from Republican Jane Corwin.” The article also stated that something being overlooked was that Hochul was “simply a stronger candidate than Republican Jane Corwin.”^[28]

Hochul’s strength stemmed from starting her career as an aide to Senator Daniel Moynihan, who was “one of the most admired politicians in New York history.” She has been described as sweet and earnest. She was described as a successful campaigner, but as someone who can do that by “being not the least bit slick.” Hochul was linked to tangible local accomplishments, like when she “broke with then Gov. Eliot Spitzer (D) on license plates for illegal immigrants — and got a write-up in the New York Times for it.”^[28]

The seat was viewed as a difficult one to obtain for a Democrat, and “only a really solid campaigner could make it happen.”^[28]

Hochul's victory was almost universally viewed as astonishing, given that the district is heavily Republican and that Corwin outspent her almost 2-1.

The campaign featured a number of negative television ads, with nonpartisan FactCheck accusing both sides of "taking liberties with the facts." In particular, FactCheck criticized the Democrats' ads for claiming that the Republican candidate would "essentially end Medicare", even though the plan would leave Medicare intact for current beneficiaries.^[22] The organization also faulted the Republicans' for ads portraying Hochul as a puppet of former U.S. House Speaker Pelosi, and for claiming that Hochul planned to cut Social Security and Medicare benefits.^[22]

Campaign funding

Hochul was endorsed by EMILY's List, a political action committee that supports Democratic women candidates, including those who are pro-choice.^[29][30] She was the fifth largest recipient of EMILY's List funds in 2011, receiving more than $27,000 in bundled donations from the organization.^[30] The Democrat and Chronicle endorsed Hochul "for her tenacity and independence",^[31] while The Buffalo News endorsed her for her positions on preserving Medicare and her record of streamlining government.^[32]

Victory

Hochul defeated Corwin 47 to 43 percent in the special election held on May 24, with Jack Davis receiving 9 percent, and Green Party candidate Ian Murphy receiving 1 percent of the vote.

On the day of the election, it was reported that Hochul's impending victory would be “a serious blow to the GOP agenda, and, more specifically, Paul Ryan’s budget plan that would end Medicare as we know it.”^[33]

It was also noted that when Democratic strategists were not considering Hochul a serious candidate, "It was Emily’s List and the Working Families Party, a union-backed grassroots party, that kept talking up Hochul—who ran on the third party’s ballot line, taking advantage of New York’s fusion law, which allows crossendorsements." Hochul achieved success widely due to her efforts in battling the Republican budget, which aimed to makes cuts to Medicaid and privatize Social Security.^[34]

Tenure

Because her victory came in a special election and because it was an upset win that turned on a major issue, Hochul received major national and even international coverage. She has reportedly already established herself as an important player in Congress.

Over her years in local politics, Hochul had built reputation for focusing on local issues that mattered to her constituents and that make a difference to their pocketbooks. Since joining Congress, she has voted on every bill that has come before the House.^[35]

In Hochul's first few weeks in office, she co-sponsored a couple bills with Brian Cogan to help streamline the passport acquisition process. She also met with the President about the economy and job creation and introduced a motion on the House to restore the Republican cuts to the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. She also quickly started looking for areas to reduce the deficit, open to reducing Medicaid spending, as long as it wasn't in the form of block grants offered to states, as proposed in the GOP budget blueprint. She also had spoken with President Obama about ending tax breaks for oil companies and protecting small businesses.^[36]

While campaigning for Congress, Hochul defined herself as an "independent Democrat".^[9] In an interview with the Lockport Union-Sun & Journal, she cited as examples of her independence her opposition to Spitzer's drivers' license program for illegal immigrants and her opposition to Governor David Paterson's proposal in 2010 to raise revenue by requiring all vehicle owners to buy new license plates.^[9]

Trade

On September 17, 2011, Robert J. McCarthy noted that Hochul and her election opponent Jack Davis were now bonding over their opposition to free trade. “We saw what happened with NAFTA; the promises never materialized,” she said of the North American Free Trade Agreement. “If I have to stand up to my own party on this, I'm willing to do so.”^[37]

Energy

During her congressional campaign, Hochul favored offering incentives to develop alternative energy.^[12]

In June 2011, Hochul opposed legislation that would cut funding for the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) by 44 percent, on the ground that the CFTC curbs speculation in oil and the resulting layoffs of CFTC personnel would "make it easier for Big Oil companies and speculators to take advantage of ... consumers".^[38]

Fiscal issues

While running for the U.S. House, Hochul supported raising taxes on those making more than $500,000 per year.^[12] She opposed the new free trade agreements that were then under consideration, saying, "We don't need to look any further than Western New York to see that these policies do not work." She believes that free trade agreements such as NAFTA and CAFTA have suppressed U.S. wages and benefits and caused job loss in the U.S.^[39]

Hochul called the summer 2011 debt ceiling issue "a distraction" to which the American people should not be subjected.^[40]

Hochul acknowledged during her campaign that substantial cuts must be made in the federal budget, and said she would consider cuts in all entitlement programs. However, she expressed opposition to the Republican plan that would re-form Medicare into a voucher system, saying it "would end Medicare as we know it".^[12][41] She said money could be saved in the Medicare program by eliminating waste and purchasing prescription drugs in bulk.^[12] She also said that the creation of more jobs would alleviate Medicare and Social Security budget shortfalls due to increased collections of payroll taxes.^[12]

On November 19, 2011, Brian Tumulty of WQRZ reported that Hochul had voted for a balanced budget amendment, which she called "a bipartisan solution.^[42]

Health care

On September 16, 2011, David Weigel quoted Hochul on lowering Medicare costs: “We need to cut the underlying costs of health care, which are making Medicare more expensive. Democrats are in agreement....We have to make sure that we get equity with respect to prescription drugs – the drug prices under Medicare are obscenely high. Why are veterans at VA hospitals paying less for prescription drugs than people who are under Medicare Part D? That's an area we should go after. Medicare fraud is getting out of control....I think we should have Medicare cover home health care. Look at the savings we'd have if we covered home health care and tele-health services. Instead, people in rural areas have to go hospitals at the dead of the night. If we look at this holistically, we can cut the underlying costs.”^[43]

Hochul expressed support for the 2010 health care reform legislation passed by the 111th Congress and said during her campaign that she would not vote to repeal it.^[12] In response to a constituent's question during a town-hall meeting in February 2012, she was booed for saying that the federal government was ‘‘not looking to the Constitution’’ under the Obama administration requirement that non-religious employers provide their workers with insurance coverage for birth control.^[44][45] A spokesman later stated that she'd misspoken, but did not clarify her answer.^[45]

Social issues

Hochul has said she is pro-choice on abortion.^[3] She supports civil marriage for same-sex couples, with no requirements on religious institutions.^[46]

Committee assignments

• Committee on Armed Services
• Committee on Homeland Security
  • Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence
  • Subcommittee on Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Communications

2012 Election

Hochul lost her re-election bid to Collins by a 51% to 49% margin.

Community activities

Hochul is a founder and a member of the Board of Directors of Kathleen Mary House, a transitional home for women and children who are victims of domestic violence.^[39][47] She was also co-founder of the Village Action Coalition, and a member of the Board of Trustees at Immaculata Academy in Hamburg.^[39]

Personal life

She is married to William Hochul, who serves as the United States Attorney for the Western District of New York.^[48] They reside in Snyder, New York,^[20] and are the parents of two children, William and Caitlin.^[39][48]

Controversies

On the Constitution

At a town hall meeting in Lancaster, New York, Kathy Hochul told the crowd that the federal government was "not looking to the Constitution" when mandating that religious organizations provide birth control to their employees. Video of her comment went viral.^[49]

County Clerk Backlog

Following Kathy Hochul's departure as County Clerk, a back log of mail was discovered by newly elected County Clerk, Chris Jacobs. Millions of dollars were stored in boxes in unopened envelopes.^[50] As County Clerk, Kathy Hochul was in the process of implementing a new system, when she left to run in the special election and then to assume office. Thousands of dollars were spent in overtime to deposit checks and file unopened documents. However none of the un-cashed checks dated to Hochul's term as clerk.^[51]

Electoral history

Special election May 24, 2011, U.S. House of Representatives, NY-26[52][53]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Kathy Hochul	47,519	42.58%
	Working Families	Kathy Hochul	5,194	4.65%
	Republican	Jane Corwin	35,721	32.01%
	Conservative	Jane Corwin	9,090	8.15%
	Independence	Jane Corwin	2,376	2.13%
	Tea Party	Jack Davis	10,029	8.99%
	Green	Ian Murphy	1,177	1.05%
Totals			111,597	100.0%
Voter turnout			25%

References

External links

• Congresswoman Kathy Hochul official U.S. House site
• Kathy Hochul for Congress official campaign site
• Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
• Biography, voting record, and interest group ratings at Project Vote Smart
• Financial information (federal office) at the Federal Election Commission

Political offices
Preceded by Kenneth Kruly	Deputy County Clerk of Erie County, New York 2003–2007	Succeeded by John Crangle
Preceded by David Swarts	County Clerk of Erie County, New York 2007–2011
United States House of Representatives
Preceded by Chris Lee	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 26th congressional district 2011–2013	Succeeded by Chris Collins

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Persondata
Name	Hochul, Kathy
Alternative names	Hochul, Kathleen Courtney
Short description	New York State congresswoman
Date of birth	August 27, 1958
Place of birth	Buffalo, New York
Date of death
Place of death