Kastamonu
| Kastamonu | |
|---|---|
  Kastamonu | |
| Coordinates: 41°22′35″N 33°46′35″E / 41.37639°N 33.77639°ECoordinates: 41°22′35″N 33°46′35″E / 41.37639°N 33.77639°E | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Kastamonu Province |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Turhan Topçuoğlu (MHP) |
| Area[1] | |
| • District | 1,834.04 km2 (708.13 sq mi) |
| Population (2012)[2] | |
| • Urban | 96,217 |
| • District | 128,537 |
| • District Density | 70/km2 (180/sq mi) |
| Website | www.kastamonu.bel.tr |
Kastamonu is the capital district of the Kastamonu Province, Turkey. According to the 2000 census, population of the district is 102,059 of which 64,606 live in the urban center of Kastamonu.[3][4] (Population of the urban center in 2010 is 91,012[5])The district covers an area of 1,834 km2 (708 sq mi),[6] and the town lies at an elevation of 904 m (2,966 ft). It is located to the south of the province.
History
The city is believed to have been founded in the 18th century BC. The town was known as Timonion (Τιμόνιον in Greek) during the Roman period.
The change of name of the town dates to the 10th century AD. Manuel Erotikos Komnenos, a Thracian soldier who became a prominent general and the father of the Byzantine emperor Isaac I Komnenos, was given lands around Kastamonu by Emperor Basil II and built a fortress there named Kastra Komnenon (Κάστρα Κομνηνών). Manuel came to the notice of Basil II because of his defence, in 978, of Nicaea against the rebel Bardas Skleros.[7] The name Kastra Komnenon was later Turcified to Kastamoni and Kastamonu.
The Dress Code Revolution started at Kastamonu by Atatürk on August 23, 1925. Atatürk made his historical speech concerning about the "Hat and Dress Revolution" in 1925 at his visit to Kastamonu at Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi building.[8] The building is now used as Archeological Museum. The materials used by Atatürk in his Kastamonu visit are also exhibited in the museum.
Economic history
In the early 20th century, nickel was being mined in the area around Kastamonu.[9]
Education
Kastamonu is home to Kastamonu University, which was established in 2006 by incorporating existing colleges, schools, and institutes that were previously under Ankara University and Gazi University.
Notable high schools in Kastamonu are:
- Abdurrahman Paşa Lisesi, also known as Kastamonu Lisesi, the first modern high school that was established in Anatolia in late Ottoman Empire.
- Kastamonu Mustafa Kaya Lisesi, an Anatolian high school, one of the most successful high schools in Turkey outside Istanbul, Ankara and İzmir.
Climate
Kastamonu has a warm-summer humid continental climate with cold winters and warm summers. The average annual precipitation is evenly distributed throughout the year, with spring being the wettest season.
| Climate data for Kastamonu, Turkey | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 3.1 (37.6) |
5.9 (42.6) |
11.1 (52) |
16.4 (61.5) |
21.0 (69.8) |
24.7 (76.5) |
27.8 (82) |
28.2 (82.8) |
23.8 (74.8) |
17.7 (63.9) |
10.3 (50.5) |
4.4 (39.9) |
16.2 (61.16) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −4.2 (24.4) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
3.5 (38.3) |
7.3 (45.1) |
10.5 (50.9) |
12.6 (54.7) |
12.6 (54.7) |
9.1 (48.4) |
5.4 (41.7) |
0.7 (33.3) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
4.24 (39.64) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 31.1 (1.224) |
27.1 (1.067) |
33.0 (1.299) |
56.2 (2.213) |
71.0 (2.795) |
67.8 (2.669) |
37.3 (1.469) |
32.8 (1.291) |
32.3 (1.272) |
39.4 (1.551) |
31.7 (1.248) |
38.3 (1.508) |
498 (19.606) |
| Avg. rainy days | 12.9 | 11.1 | 12.4 | 14.0 | 14.6 | 12.1 | 7.0 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 9.9 | 10.3 | 12.7 | 130.3 |
| % humidity | 78 | 76 | 68 | 62 | 64 | 64 | 55 | 57 | 61 | 67 | 78 | 81 | 67.6 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 68.2 | 95.2 | 142.6 | 165 | 226.3 | 255 | 300.7 | 291.4 | 216 | 164.3 | 108 | 55.8 | 2,088.5 |
| Source #1: Devlet Meteoroloji İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü [10] | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: Weatherbase [11] | |||||||||||||
Notable natives
- Iovan Tsaous (Yiannis Eitziridis) (1893–1942), Greek musician and composer
- Oğuz Atay (1934–1977), novelist
- Rıfat Ilgaz (1911–1993), novelist
- Halit Akmansü (1883–1923), military officer in the Ottoman and Turkish armies
Notes
- ↑ "Area of regions (including lakes), km²". Regional Statistics Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. 2002. Retrieved 2013-03-05.
- ↑ "Population of province/district centers and towns/villages by districts - 2012". Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS) Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. Retrieved 2013-02-27.
- ↑ Turkish Statistical Institute. "Census 2000, Key statistics for urban areas of Turkey" (XLS) (in Turkish). Retrieved 2008-11-17.
- ↑ GeoHive. "Statistical information on Turkey's administrative units". Retrieved 2008-11-22.
- ↑ Statistical Institute
- ↑ Statoids. "Statistical information on districts of Turkey". Retrieved 2008-11-22.
- ↑ Runciman, pp. 54-55
- ↑ İğdemir, Uluğ; Mango, Andrew (translation) (1963). Atatürk. Ankara: Turkish National Commission for UNESCO. pp. 165–170. OCLC 75604149.
- ↑ Prothero, G.W. (1920). Anatolia. London: H.M. Stationery Office. p. 106.
- ↑ İl ve İlçelerimize Ait İstatistiki Veriler- Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü
- ↑ Kastamonu, Turkey Travel Weather Averages (Weatherbase)
References
- Falling Rain Genomics, Inc. "Geographical information on Kastamonu, Turkey". Retrieved 2008-11-14.
- Runciman, Steven (1951) A History of the Crusades, Vol. I: The First Crusade, Cambridge University Press.
External links
Media related to Kastamonu at Wikimedia Commons
- Kastamonu governor's official website (Turkish)
- Kastamonu, Çatalzeytin local newspaper (Turkish)
- Kastamonu culture & travel guide
- Kastamonu, Araç Muhacirler köyü
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