Karyorrhexis

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Morphological characteristics of pyknosis and other forms of nuclear destruction

Karyorrhexis (Greek karyon = "kernel, seed or nucleus", and rhexis- = "bursting") is the destructive fragmentation of the nucleus of a dying cell^[1] whereby its chromatin is distributed irregularly throughout the cytoplasm. It is usually preceded by pyknosis and is followed by karyolysis and can occur as a result of either programmed cell death (apoptosis), senescence, or necrosis.

In apoptosis, the cleavage of DNA is done by Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ -dependent endonucleases.

References

↑ Zamzami N, Kroemer G. (1999). "Apoptosis: Condensed matter in cell death". Nature 401 (127): 127–8. doi:10.1038/43591. PMID 10490018.

v t e Medicine: Pathology

Principles of pathology	Disease Infection Neoplasia Hemodynamics Ischemia Inflammation Wound healing Cell death Necrosis Liquefactive necrosis Coagulative necrosis Caseous necrosis Fat necrosis Apoptosis Pyknosis Karyorrhexis Karyolysis Cellular adaptation Atrophy Hypertrophy Hyperplasia Dysplasia Metaplasia Squamous Glandular Accumulations pigment Hemosiderin Lipochrome/Lipofuscin Melanin Steatosis

Anatomical pathology	Surgical pathology Cytopathology Autopsy Molecular pathology Forensic pathology Dental pathology Gross examination Histopathology Immunohistochemistry Electron microscopy Immunofluorescence Fluorescence in situ hybridization

Clinical pathology	Clinical chemistry Hematopathology Transfusion medicine Medical microbiology Diagnostic immunology Immunopathology Enzyme assay Mass spectrometry Chromatography Flow cytometry Blood bank Microbiological culture Serology

Specific conditions	Myocardial infarction

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Karyorrhexis

See also

References