Karl Arnold
| Karl Arnold | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Minister-President of the North Rhine-Westphalia | |
| In office 1947–1956 | |
| Preceded by | Rudolf Amelunxen |
| Succeeded by | Fritz Steinhoff |
| President of the German Bundesrat | |
| In office 1949–1950 | |
| Preceded by | office created |
| Succeeded by | Hans Ehard |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 23 March 1901 Herrlishöfen, Württemberg |
| Died | 29 June 1958 (aged 57) Düsseldorf |
| Political party | CDU, previously Centre Party |
| Spouse(s) | Liesel Joeres |
Karl Arnold (23 March 1901 – 29 June 1958) was a German politician. He was Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia from 1947 to 1956. He was the first President of the Bundesrat and as such formally head of state of the Federal Republic of Germany, before the election of President Theodor Heuss.
Early life and education
Arnold was born in Herrlishöfen in Württemberg on 23 March 1901.[1] He was trained as shoemaker[1] and later (1920/21) studied at the Soziale Hochschule Leohaus, Munich.
From 1920 onwards, Arnold worked as functionary of the movement of Christian workers. In 1924, he became secretary of the Christian workers union for the Düsseldorf region. He was elected in the town council of Düsseldorf for the Centre Party in 1929.
In 1933, Arnold was co-owner of a sanitary installation shop in Düsseldorf. The Gestapo observed and hunted him in the following years because of his political activities. In 1944, he was jailed by the Gestapo.
Career
After World War II, Arnold became politically active again. In 1945, he was co-founder of the local Christian-Democratic Party in Düsseldorf, which became part of the CDU later in 1945. Also in 1945, the Düsseldorf chapter of the united workers union was founded, presided by Arnold. On January 29, 1946, Arnold was named mayor of Düsseldorf and later elected in the first free elections (October 26, 1946).
In December, 1946, Arnold became deputy minister president of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia and in 1947 he was elected minister president. Until 1950 he presided over a coalition of CDU, Centre Party, SPD and (shortly) the Communist Party. He considered himself a "christian socialist". The only in-parliament-party he did not let enter the government was the FDP, whose North-Rhine Westphalian branch had a particular nationalist bent.
On 7 September 1949, he was elected as the first president of the federal Bundesrat of Germany.
From 1950 to 1956, Arnold was elected minister president for North Rhine-Westphalia twice again, governing with the help of conservative parties and the Free Democrats. Important acts of his government were the foundation of the North Rhine-Westphalian broadcasting system (today: Westdeutscher Rundfunk) and the German system of workers union influence in steel and coal industries.
On 20 February 1956, the FDP switched coalition affiliation to the SPD, ending the Arnold government in North Rhine-Westphalia.
In 1957, he was elected into the German Bundestag (with a 72% majority in his constituency). He was member of the Bundestag until 29 June 1958, when he died of a heart attack.[1]
Personal life
In 1928, Arnold married Liesel Joeres.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Dennis Kavanagh (1998). "Arnold, Karl". A Dictionary of Political Biography. Oxford University Press. p. 20. Retrieved 31 August 2013. – via Questia (subscription required)
Further reading
- Uertz, Rudolf (2004). "Karl Arnold." Christliche Demokraten gegen Hitler: Aus Verfolgung und Widerstand zur Union. Ed. Buchstab, Günter; Kaff, Brigitte; Kleinmann, Hans-Otto. Freiburg, Germany: Herder, 2004. 81–89. Print.
- Biography of Arnold at the German Historic Museum, German
| Preceded by Rudolf Amelunxen |
Minister President of North Rhine-Westphalia 1947–1956 |
Succeeded by Fritz Steinhoff |
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