Karin Enke

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Karin Enke

Karin Enke in 1983

Personal information

Born

20 June 1961
Dresden, East Germany

Height

1.80 m (5 ft 11 in)

Weight

72 kg (159 lb)

Sport

Speed skating

Club

SC Einheit Dresden

Medal record

Competitor for East Germany
Olympic Games
Gold	1980 Lake Placid	500 m
Silver	1984 Sarajevo	500 m
Gold	1984 Sarajevo	1,000 m
Gold	1984 Sarajevo	1,500 m
Silver	1984 Sarajevo	3,000 m
Bronze	1988 Calgary	500 m
Silver	1988 Calgary	1,000 m
Silver	1988 Calgary	1,500 m

Karin Enke (born 20 June 1961), also known as Karin Busch(-Enke), Karin Kania(-Enke), and Karin Enke-Richter, is a former speed skater, one of the most dominant ones of the 1980s.

Short biography

Karin Enke started her sport career as a figure skater at the club SC Einheit Dresden. Representing East-Germany she came in 9th place at the European Figure Skating Championships in 1977. Later she changed to speed skating. Dominant on all distances (being reigning World Allround Champion and World Sprint Champion, and having won German Single Distance Championships titles on all 5 distances in 1983), Enke was the favourite for all 4 distances at the 1984 Winter Olympics of Sarajevo, but she won "only" 2 gold and 2 silver medals.^[1] At the World Cup, Enke had 21 Single Distance victories, but won only one overall World Cup. She retired from speed skating after the 1987/1988 season.

Born as Karin Enke, she married in 1981 and competed as Karin Busch during the 1981/1982 winter. The marriage did not last long and during the 1982/1983 and 1983/1984 winters, she competed as Karin Enke again. After marrying her longtime former trainer – Rudolf Kania – in 1984, she competed as Karin Kania for the rest of her speed skating career. After her career had ended, she divorced and married again and became Karin Enke-Richter.

Like several other female East German skaters who got married after the season had ended (and several of them more than once over the course of their careers), Enke caused some confusion among the speed skating public when she – a skater with a name unfamiliar to them – suddenly won major titles in her "first" season. Commentators were apt to make remarks like "Karin Kania is the skater we knew as Karin Enke last season" and some commentators even, half-jokingly, made remarks like "I wonder what her name will be next season". To alleviate the confusion, Enke kept her maiden name as the first part of her last name after her third marriage, just like Gunda Kleemann (also known as Gunda Niemann and Gunda Niemann-Stirnemann) kept Niemann (the name of her first husband) as the first part of her last name even after her divorce and both before and after her second marriage, which is unusual in most Western European countries.

Doping use

On 3 January 2010, Giselher Spitzer, a German sport historian and researcher of the Humboldt University in Berlin, revealed in the Dutch TV documentary Andere Tijden ('Other Times') that back in 1984, Karin Enke had been prepared with doping. He based his claim on Stasi-documents, which were shown during the programme. Citation: "[Dem Arzt] war bekannt, dass Karin ENKE zu den Olympischen Spielen zu den ausgewählten Athleten gehörte, die mit erheblichen Mengen Testosteron und gleichzeitigen Gegenspritzen von Epitestosteron auf ihre Wettkämpfe vorbereitet würden." ("It was known to the medic, that Karin ENKE at the Olympic Games belonged to those athletes who were prepared for the Games with relevant measures of Testosteron and, synchronously, with contrasting measures of Epitosteron.").^[2]

Medals

Karin Enke at the European Championships in 1983

An overview of medals won by Enke at important championships she participated in, listing the years in which she won each:

Championships	Gold medal	Silver medal	Bronze medal
Winter Olympics	1980 (500 m) 1984 (1,000 m) 1984 (1,500 m)	1984 (500 m) 1984 (3,000 m) 1988 (1,000 m) 1988 (1,500 m)	1988 (500 m)
World Allround	1982 1984 1986 1987 1988	1981 1983
World Sprint	1980 1981 1983 1984 1986 1987	1982 1988
World Cup	1986 (1,000 m)	1986 (500 m) 1986 (1,500 m) 1988 (1,000 m)	1986 (3,000/5,000 m) 1988 (500 m) 1988 (1,500 m) 1988 (3,000/5,000 m)
European Allround		1981 1982 1983
German Allround	1982 1983
German Sprint	1984 1986	1983
German Single Distance	1980 (1,000 m) 1983 (500 m) 1983 (1,000 m) 1983 (1,500 m) 1983 (3,000 m) 1983 (5,000 m) 1984 (500 m) 1984 (1,000 m) 1984 (1,500 m) 1986 (1,000 m) 1987 (500 m) 1988 (1,000 m) 1988 (1,500 m)	1980 (1,500 m) 1986 (500 m) 1986 (1,500 m) 1986 (3,000 m) 1988 (500 m)	1980 (500 m)

World records

Over the course of her career, Enke skated 10 world records:

Distance	Result	Date	Location
Mini combination	168.271	14 February 1982	Inzell
1,500 m	2:03.42	9 February 1984	Sarajevo
1,000 m	1:18.84	22 February 1986	Karuizawa
Sprint combination	160.060	23 February 1986	Karuizawa
1,500 m	2:02.23	6 March 1986	Inzell
3,000 m	4:18.02	21 March 1986	Medeo
500 m	39.52	21 March 1986	Medeo
1,500 m	1:59.30	22 March 1986	Medeo
Mini combination	168.387	22 March 1986	Inzell
1,000 m	1:18.11	5 December 1987	Calgary

Personal records

To put these personal records in perspective, the last column (WR) lists the official world records on the dates that Enke skated her personal records.^[1]

Distance	Result	Date	Location	WR
500 m	39.24	22 February 1988	Calgary	39.39
1,000 m	1:17.70	26 February 1988	Calgary	1:18.11
1,500 m	1:59.30	22 March 1986	Medeo	2:02.23
3,000 m	4:17.76	5 December 1987	Calgary	4:16.85
5,000 m	7:39.82	22 March 1986	Medeo	7:31.45
Small combination	168.272	22 March 1986	Medeo	171.760
Mini combination	168.271	14 February 1982	Inzell	168.387
Sprint combination	160.060	23 February 1986	Karuizawa	161.120

Note that Enke's personal record on the 500 m was not a world record because Bonnie Blair skated 39.10 at the same tournament (the 1988 Winter Olympics). Enke's personal record on the 1,000 m was not a world record either because (again at the same 1988 Winter Olympics) Christa Rothenburger skated 1:17.65 – 0.05 seconds faster.

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Karin Enke.

↑ 1.0 1.1 Karin Enke-Kania. sports-reference.com
↑ "Raadsel rondom Van Gennip en DDR-vrouwen opgelost" Sportweek, 3 januari 2010

v t e Olympic champions in women's 500 m speed skating

1960: Helga Haase 1964: Lidiya Skoblikova 1968: Lyudmila Titova 1972: Anne Henning 1976: Sheila Young 1980: Karin Enke 1984: Christa Rothenburger 1988: Bonnie Blair 1992: Bonnie Blair 1994: Bonnie Blair 1998: Catriona Le May Doan 2002: Catriona Le May Doan 2006: Svetlana Zhurova 2010: Lee Sang-hwa

v t e Olympic champions in women's 1000 m speed skating

1960: Klara Guseva 1964: Lidiya Skoblikova 1968: Carry Geijssen 1972: Monika Pflug 1976: Tatyana Averina 1980: Natalya Petrusyova 1984: Karin Enke 1988: Christa Rothenburger 1992: Bonnie Blair 1994: Bonnie Blair 1998: Marianne Timmer 2002: Chris Witty 2006: Marianne Timmer 2010: Christine Nesbitt

v t e Olympic champions in women's 1500 m speed skating

1960: Lidiya Skoblikova 1964: Lidiya Skoblikova 1968: Kaija Mustonen 1972: Dianne Holum 1976: Galina Stepanskaya 1980: Annie Borckink 1984: Karin Enke 1988: Yvonne van Gennip 1992: Jacqueline Börner 1994: Emese Hunyady 1998: Marianne Timmer 2002: Anni Friesinger 2006: Cindy Klassen 2010: Ireen Wüst

World champions in women's allround speed skating

World champions in women's sprint speed skating

v t e Leaders of the Adelskalender, women

Natalya Petrusyova Gabi Zange-Schönbrunn Karin Enke Andrea Schöne Karin Kania Andrea Ehrig-Mitscherlich Gunda Niemann Claudia Pechstein Anni Friesinger Cindy Klassen

Persondata
Name	Enke, Karin
Alternative names
Short description	Speed skater
Date of birth	20 June 1961
Place of birth
Date of death
Place of death

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