Kalinga-Apayao
| Kalinga-Apayao | |||||
| Former province of the Philippines | |||||
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| Capital | Tabuk | ||||
| History | |||||
| - | Established | June 18, 1966 | |||
| - | Disestablished | February 14, 1995 | |||
| Today part of | Kalinga and Apayao | ||||
Kalinga-Apayao was a province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in the island of Luzon. It was divided into the two provinces of Kalinga and Apayao with the passage of Philippine Republic Act No. 7878 on February 14, 1995. This RA amended the earlier Republic Act No. 4695, passed on June 18, 1966, which formed the provinces of Kalinga-Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, and Mountain Province, from the earlier Mountain Province. Its boundaries were called the "great profile" due to the resemblance to the head of former President and strongman Ferdinand Marcos, who approved the province's formation.[citation needed]
History
During the Second World War, Japanese fighter and bomber planes invaded the province of Kalinga-Apayao. The bombings and air raids destroyed the towns and municipalities on December 1941 during the Japanese Invasion of the Philippines. This happened prior to Japanese air raid at Camp John Hay in Baguio City on December 8, 1941. The soldiers of the Japanese Imperial Army occupied provinces of Kalinga-Apayao.
The Igorot and Cordilleran soldiers of the 11th Infantry Division, Philippine Commonwealth Army, USAFFE, endured four months of battle culminating in their surrender to the Japanese on April 9, 1942.
Many Igorot and Cordilleran men and women joined the group of local guerrilla resistance fighters in Kalinga-Apayao which fought against the Japanese Imperial forces in Northern Luzon. Meanwhile, many Igorot and Cordilleran men joined the Philippine Commonwealth Army under the U.S. Military Command.
The establishment of the military general headquarters and military camp bases of the Philippine Commonwealth Army and the United States Armed Forces in the Philippines - Northern Luzon or USAFIP-NL was active on 1942 to 1946 and the Philippine Constabulary was active on 1944 to 1946 in the province of Kalinga-Apayao. The Philippine Commonwealth army and Philippine Constabulary deployed special operations units in Kalinga-Apayao to aid in the campaign against the Japanese Imperial Army. Alongside with the aid sent, both the Makapili rebel fighters soldiers of the Philippine Commonwealth army and Philippine Constabulary started the First and Second Battle of Kalinga-Apayao or Kalinga-Apayao Campaign from 1942 to 1945.
Timeline
World War II under the Japanese Occupation
- December 1941 - Japanese bomber and fighter planes was invaded in Kalinga-Apayao from the part of northern Mountain Province during the Japanese invasion.
- 1942 - The occupied by the Japanese Imperial forces and entered in Kalinga-Apayao from the part of northern Mountain Province during the Japanese occupation. The military garrison base of the Imperial Japanese Armed Forces was they established. Started the First Battle of Kalinga-Apayao between the fought battles of the Japanese and Filipino soldiers.
- 1942 - The built of the military general headquarters and camp bases of the Philippine Commonwealth Army was founding establishment and they active from 1942 to 1946 was stationed in Kalinga-Apayao. Started the First and Second Battle of Kalinga-Apayao on 1942 to 1945 between the local Filipino troops and Igorot resistance against the Japanese.
- 1942 - The built of the military general headquarters and camp bases of the 11th, 14th and 15th Infantry Regiment of the United States Armed Forces in the Philippines - Northern Luzon (USAFIP-NL) was a military unit organization and founded from 1942 to 1946 and stationed in Kalinga-Apayao. Started the First and Second Battle of Kalinga-Apayao on 1942 to 1945 between the local Filipino troops and Igorot resistance against the Japanese.
- 1942-1944 - After the Fall of Bataan Peninsula on April 09, 1942 by surrendering Filipino-American forces by the Japanese hands. The stronghold of all local Filipino soldiers and military officers under the military units of the Philippine Commonwealth Army and USAFIP-NL 11th, 14th and 15th Infantry Regiments and the Igorot guerrilla resistance was started and signed from the First Battle of Kalinga-Apayao and attacks the Japanese Imperial forces.
- October 14, 1943 - The founding declaration of the Second Republic of the Philippines from the collaboration of the Empire of Japan. Jose P. Laurel was inaugurated as a former puppet president of the Second Republic for the collaborated from the Japanese. President Laurel was starting declared by the ongoing First Battle of Kalinga-Apayao between fought the main battles of local Philippine Commonwealth troops and Irogot resistance against the Japanese Imperial forces, local collaborating troops of the Bureau of Constabulary and the Makapili militia force.
- 1944 – After the First Battle of Kalinga-Apayao on 1944. When Filipino soldiers of the Philippine Commonwealth Army and the military units of the USAFIP-NL 11th, 14th and 15th Infantry Regiments in Kalinga-Apayao was retreated by the Japanese Imperial forces include the local collaborating troops of the Bureau of Constabulary and the Makapili militias.
- 1944 – The 1st Infantry Regiment of the Philippine Constabulary was founding established on 1944 to 1946 at the military general headquarters and stationed in Kalinga-Apayao during the Japanese Occupation and begins the clearing operations of the Second Battle of Kalinga-Apayao on 1944 to until the end of 1945 against the Japanese.
- 1944-1945 – The Second Battle of Kalinga-Apayao was start the main battle operations and fought the battles between the combined American and Philippine Commonwealth ground forces including the Igorot resistance groups in Kalinga-Apayao and attacking the Japanese troops and Makapili rebels. When the Filipino troops of the Philippine Commonwealth Army, Philippine Constabulary 1st Infantry Regiments and the USAFIP-NL 11th, 14th and 15th Infantry Regiments and aided the Igorot resistance was came back the main battles and clearing operations against the Imperial Japanese troops and Makapili militia groups led by General Tomoyuki Yamashita through liberated Kalinga-Apayao from 1944 to 1945.
- 1945 – American ground forces of the U.S. Armed Forces units was came liberated and taken in Kalinga-Apayao and there inside to helped by the stronghold of all Filipino Commonwealth troops and military officers under the Philippine Commonwealth Army, Philippine Constabulary 1st Infantry Regiments and the USAFIP-NL 11th, 14th and 15th Infantry Regiments and the Igorot guerrilla groups through attacking the Imperial Japanese troops under by General Tomoyuki Yamashita and Makapili rebel groups.
- 1945 – The joint U.S. and Philippine Commonwealth ground forces and aided the Igorot resistance fighters was found invading sieges and liberated at the military general headquarters, camp bases and garrisons of the Imperial Japanese Armed Forces and the Makapili in Kalinga-Apayao was there inside against the Japanese soldiers and Makapili militias.
Post-War Era
- July 4, 1946 - The establishment of the second declaration of independence of the Republic of the Philippines from the United States of America.
Coordinates: 18°04′N 121°12′E / 18.067°N 121.200°E
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