Kairana
| Kairana | |
|---|---|
| city | |
  Kairana | |
| Coordinates: 29°24′N 77°12′E / 29.4°N 77.2°ECoordinates: 29°24′N 77°12′E / 29.4°N 77.2°E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Uttar Pradesh |
| District | Shamli |
| Elevation | 242 m (794 ft) |
| Population (2001) | |
| • Total | 73,046 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Hindi |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| PIN | 247774 |
| Telephone code | 01398 |
| Vehicle registration | UP-12 |
| Website | www.kairana.net |
Kairana is a historical city and a municipal board in Shamli district. Shamli was declared as a district in September 2011 and was named Prabuddh Nagar by Mayawati, who was CM of UP (Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh) at the time. In July 2012, Shamli got its current name by Akhilesh Yadav, who became CM of UP in 2012. Prior to that, Kairana was a tehsil of Muzaffarnagar district. Both the districts are located in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.
Geography and Government
Kairana is in the northwestern portion of the Uttar Pradesh state and is bordered by the river Yamuna.. It has an average elevation of 242 metres (793 feet). Kairana is the birthplace of a renowned school of Indian classical music, the Kirana Gharana.
Kairana is represented by a permanent seat in the National Parliament and in the legislative assembly of Uttar Pradesh. Kairana also has 6 courts (4 regular and 2 fast track). Kairana is in the Tehsil of district Shamli and a municipal board. Kairana has several government bodies including a PWD office and a LIC office, a post office, two government hospitals, and five nationalized banks.
Education
Vijay Singh Pathik Rajkiya Mahavidyalaya is a post-graduate degree college in Kairana. The college was established in 1999. There is one other degree college in Kairana, "J.P. Degree College of Commerce." Kairana also has four intermediate colleges that provide education up to senior secondary level, and more than 20 schools for primary education. There is also an engineering and management institute on Kairana-Shamli Road.
Kairana is also known for musical education. The genre of music "Kirana Gharana" is world famous for its "Khayal" singing. Ustad Kale Khan was the founder of Kirana Gharana.
History
During the Ancient period, Kairana, or "Karna Nagri," was the capital of Danveer Raja Karna's Anga Pradesh in Mahabharata. Some believe the Kairana name is made from "Kai and Rana," meaning place of Rana Chauhan Gurjars. Rana Kalsa Raj Chauhan came with two brothers: Rana Dev Raj Chauhan and Rana Deep Raj Chauhan from Ajmer, Rajasthan to village Panjeet near Kairana, and founded the city Kairana. There are 84 villages of Kalshyan Chauhan Gautra of Gurjars near Kairana.
During the Medieval period, Mughal Emperor Jahangir visited this place and has given a vibrant description in his autobiography, Tuzuk-e-jahangiri.
The Emperor said, "On Sunday, the 16th, I marched from Delhi, and on Friday, the 21st, halted in the pargana of Kairana. This pargana is the native place of Muqarrab Khan. Its climate is equable and its soil good. Muqarrab made buildings and gardens there. As I had often heard praise of his garden, I wished much to see it. On Saturday, the 22nd, I and my ladies were much pleased in going around it. Truly, it is a very fine and enjoyable garden. Within a masonry (pukhta, pucca) wall, flowerbeds have been laid out to the extent of 140 bighas. In the middle of the garden, he has constructed a pond, in length 220 yards, and in breadth 200 yards. In the middle of the pond is a miih-tiib terrace (for use in moonlight) 22 yards square. There is no kind of tree belonging to a warm or cold climate that is not to be found in it. Of fruit-bearing trees belonging to Persia, I saw green pistachio trees and cypresses of graceful form, such as I have never seen before. I ordered the cypresses to be counted, and they came to 300. All round the pond, suitable buildings have been begun and are in progress." [1]
Demographics & People
As of the 2001 India census,[2] Kairana had a population of 73,046. Males constitute 53% of the population and females constitute 47%. Kairana has an average literacy rate of 29%, which is lower than the national average of 59.5%. Male literacy in Kairana is 36%, and female literacy is 22%. In Kairana, 22% of the population is under 6 years of age. In terms of faith, 70% population is Muslim and 30% are Hindus.
Notable people
- Ustad Abdul Karim Khan[3]
- Ustad Abdul Wahid Khan[3]
- Tabassum Begum[3]
- Rahmatullah Kairanawi
References
- ↑ Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri or Memoirs of Jahangir,Translated by Alexander Rogers, Atlantic publishers, Darya ganj, New Delhi-2, page112, v2
- ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 www.kairana.net
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