Judaeo-Portuguese
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Judaeo-Portuguese | |
|---|---|
| Judeu-Português | |
| Native to | Netherlands, Northern Germany (Hamburg), England, North America, Brazil |
Native speakers |
None fewer than 2,000 users in a limited liturgical context |
|
Indo-European
| |
| Latin (Portuguese alphabet), Hebrew alphabet | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
Judaeo-Portuguese is the extinct Jewish language of the Jews of Portugal.
Description
The Judaeo-Portuguese language was the vernacular of Jews in Portugal before the sixteenth century and also in many places of the Portuguese Jewish diaspora. Texts were written in Hebrew letters (aljamiado português) or in Latin script.
As Portuguese Jews intermarried with other expelled Sephardim, it influenced the Judaeo-Spanish or Ladino language. Due to close similarity to standard Portuguese, Judaeo-Portuguese died out in Portugal, surviving in the every-day usage in the diaspora until the early 19th century. It also influenced the Papiamento and Saramaccan languages.
Characteristics
Influences from Ladino
| Judaeo-Portuguese | Portuguese | Ladino | English meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| ay | há | hay | there is |
| Dio | Deus (arch. Deo) | Dio | God |
| manim | mãos | manos | hands |
Portuguese archaisms
| Judaeo-Portuguese | Modern Portuguese | English meaning |
|---|---|---|
| algũa | alguma | any |
| angora | agora | now |
| aynda | ainda | yet |
| dous | dois | two |
| he | é | is |
| hũa | uma | a, an, one |
| Judeo-Portuguese | Hebrew | English meaning |
|---|---|---|
| cados | kodesh | holy |
| esnoga | - (of Greek origin) | synagogue |
| jessiba | yeshiva | Religious School |
| massó | matzah | ritual bread |
| misvá | mitzvah | commandments |
| ros | rosh | head |
| rassim | rashim | heads |
| rossaná | rosh hashanah | Jewish New Year |
| sabá | Shabbat | Saturday |
| sedacá | tzedakah | charity |
| queilá | qehila | congregation |
| quidus | kiddush | blessing over the wine |
| tebá | tevah | central platform in the synagogue |
See also
- Ladino language
- History of the Jews in Portugal
- Spanish and Portuguese Jews
- Judaeo-Romance languages
- Mozarabic
- Jewish languages
- Yiddish language
- Haketia
- Tetuani
- Şalom
- Lusophone
- Lusophilia
- Sephardic Jews
- Lusitanic
- Judaism
References
- Judaeo-Portuguese in Jewish Language Research Center
- Thesouro dos Dinim, a Halakhic work
- Strolovitch, Devon L. (2005) Old Portuguese in Hebrew Script: Convention, Contact, and Convivência. Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
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