Jounce

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In physics, jounce or snap^[1] is the fourth derivative of the position vector with respect to time, with the first, second, and third derivatives being velocity, acceleration, and jerk, respectively; in other words, the jounce is the rate of change of the jerk with respect to time. Jounce is defined by any of the following equivalent expressions:

${\vec s}={\frac {d{\vec j}}{dt}}={\frac {d^{2}{\vec a}}{dt^{2}}}={\frac {d^{3}{\vec v}}{dt^{3}}}={\frac {d^{4}{\vec r}}{dt^{4}}}$

the following equation is used for constant jounce.

$j=j.+st$
$a=a.+j.t+{\frac {1}{2}}st^{2}$
$v=v.+a.t+{\frac {1}{2}}j.t^{2}+{\frac {1}{6}}st^{3}$
$S=v.t+{\frac {1}{2}}a.t^{2}+{\frac {1}{6}}j.t^{3}+{\frac {1}{24}}st^{4}$

where

${\vec s}$ is constant jounce,

${\vec j}.$ is initial jerk,

${\vec j}$ is final jerk,

${\vec a}.$ is initial acceleration,

${\vec a}$ is final acceleration,

${\vec v}.$ is initial velocity,

${\vec v}$ is final velocity,

${\vec S}$ is distance or displacement

${\vec r}$ is position,

${\mathit {t}}$ is time.

The notation ${\vec s}$ (used in ^[2]) is not to be confused with the displacement vector commonly denoted similarly. Currently, there are no well-accepted designations for the derivatives of jounce. The fourth, fifth and sixth derivatives of position as a function of time are "sometimes somewhat facetiously"^[2]^[3] referred to as "Snap", "Crackle", and "Pop" respectively.

The dimensions of jounce are distance per (time to the power of 4). In SI units, this is "metres per quartic second", "metres per second per second per second per second", m/s⁴, m · s^-4, or 100 Gal per second squared in CGS units.

References

↑ https://info.aiaa.org/Regions/Western/Orange_County/Newsletters/AIAAOC_SnapCracklePop_docx.pdf
↑ 2.0 2.1 Visser, Matt (2004-07-24). "Jerk, Snap, and the Cosmological Equation of State". Classical and Quantum Gravity 21 (11): 2603–2616. arXiv:gr-qc/0309109. Bibcode:2004CQGra..21.2603V. doi:10.1088/0264-9381/21/11/006.
↑ Gragert, Stephanie (November 1998). "What is the term used for the third derivative of position?". Usenet Physics and Relativity FAQ. Math Dept., University of California, Riverside. Retrieved 2008-03-12.

External links

Look up jounce in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Cosmography: cosmology without the Einstein equations, Matt Visser, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, 2004.
What is the term used for the third derivative of position?

v t e Kinematics

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Displacement (Distance) Velocity (Speed) Acceleration Jerk Jounce

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