Josephson phase

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In superconductivity, the Josephson phase is the difference of the phases of the quantum mechanical wave function in two superconducting electrodes forming a Josephson junction.

For example, if the macroscopic wave functions $\Psi _{1}$ and $\Psi _{2}$ in superconductors 1 and 2 are given by

$\Psi _{1}={\sqrt {n_{s}}}e^{{i\theta _{1}}}$
$\Psi _{2}={\sqrt {n_{s}}}e^{{i\theta _{2}}}$

then the Josephson phase is $\phi \ {\stackrel {{\mathrm {def}}}{=}}\ \theta _{2}-\theta _{1}$ .

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