Joseph Turner (architect)

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Joseph Turner (c. 1729–1807) was an architect of Welsh origin who worked in the 18th century.[1] Most of his major works were in North Wales, and in Chester, Cheshire. Almost all of them were in Georgian style, with at least one work in Gothic style, in Mold, Flintshire, Wales.[2] Turner also designed memorials in Chester Cathedral,[3] and in the churches of St Peter, Prestbury,[4] St Margaret, Wrenbury,[5] St Peter, Ruthin,[6] and St Collen, Llangollen.[7] Turner was a member of Chester Assembly.[8]

Major works

Key

Grade Criteria[9]
I Buildings of exceptional interest, sometimes considered to be internationally important
II* Particularly important buildings of more than special interest
II Buildings of national importance and special interest
Name Location Photograph Date Notes Grade
Chirk Castle Chirk, Wrexham, Wales
52°56′07″N 3°05′23″W / 52.9352°N 3.0897°W / 52.9352; -3.0897 (Chirk Castle)		 1760s–1770s Alterations, including provision of new windows, a "Green House" in the garden (1767) (later rebuilt), stables (1768–69), the state dining room (c. 1770–71), and a new staircase leading to the state rooms (1778).[10][11] I
St Mary's Church, Mold Mold, Flintshire, Wales
53°10′09″N 3°08′35″W / 53.1691°N 3.1430°W / 53.1691; -3.1430 (St Mary's Church, Mold)		 1768–73 Turner added the tower in "a credible 18th-century attempt at Georgian style".[12][13] I
Bridge St Asaph, Denbighshire, Wales
53°15′23″N 3°26′51″W / 53.2564°N 3.4476°W / 53.2564; -3.4476 (St Asaph Bridge)		 1770 A five-arched bridge over the River Elwy.[14][15] II*
New Hall Lodge, Chirk Castle Chirk, Wrexham, Wales
52°56′29″N 3°04′48″W / 52.9414°N 3.0801°W / 52.9414; -3.0801 (New Hall Lodge, Chirk Castle)
—
 1770 A pair of lodges in Georgian style at the entrance to Chirk Park.[16][17][18] II
Entrance gates, lodge and screen Oulton Estate, Cheshire
53°11′01″N 2°36′49″W / 53.1837°N 2.6136°W / 53.1837; -2.6136 (Oulton Park Gates)		 c. 1775 The entrance to the former country house on Oulton Estate.[19][20] II*
Lighthouse Point of Ayr, Flintshire, Wales
53°21′25″N 3°19′20″W / 53.3570°N 3.3222°W / 53.3570; -3.3222 (Point of Ayr Lighthouse)		 1777 A lighthouse at the northernmost point of Wales.[21][22] II
Dyffryn Aled Llansannan, Conwy, Wales
—
 1777 A house demolished in about 1920.[23]
—
10–28 Nicholas Street Chester, Cheshire
53°11′21″N 2°53′42″W / 53.1891°N 2.8951°W / 53.1891; -2.8951 (10–28 Nicholas Street, Chester)
—
 1780 A terrace of ten town houses in Georgian style.[24][25] II
Bridgegate Chester, Cheshire
53°11′10″N 2°53′21″W / 53.1862°N 2.8893°W / 53.1862; -2.8893 (Bridgegate, Chester)		 1781 A replacement for an earlier gateway at the southern entrance to the city. It is in Neoclassical style.[8][26][27][28] I
Flintshire County Gaol Flint Castle, Flint, Flintshire, Wales
—
 1784–85 Built in the outer ward of the castle, this was demolished in 1969.[29]
—
Ruthin Library Record Street, Ruthin, Denbighshire, Wales
53°06′49″N 3°18′34″W / 53.1135°N 3.3095°W / 53.1135; -3.3095 (Ruthin Library)		 1785–90 Built initially as a record office, it was extended to be the county hall, including a courthouse. It later became the town's library.[30][31] II*
Watergate Chester, Cheshire
53°11′22″N 2°53′51″W / 53.1894°N 2.8974°W / 53.1894; -2.8974 (Watergate, Chester)		 1788 A replacement for an earlier gateway at the western entrance to the city.[8][27][32][33] I
Bridge of Sighs Chester, Cheshire
53°11′38″N 2°53′37″W / 53.1939°N 2.8937°W / 53.1939; -2.8937 (Bridge of Sighs, Chester)
1793 A bridge linking the former gaol to the chapel of Bluecoat School.[34][35] II

References

Citations

  1. ↑ Joseph Turner - Summary, Parks and Gardens Data Services, retrieved 6 November 2011 
  2. ↑ Hubbard 1986, pp. 57–58.
  3. ↑ Hartwell et al. 2011, pp. 40, 227, 229.
  4. ↑ Hartwell et al. 2011, p. 547.
  5. ↑ Hartwell et al. 2011, p. 691.
  6. ↑ Hubbard 1986, p. 275.
  7. ↑ Hubbard 1986, p. 220.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Ward 2009, p. 79.
  9. ↑ Listed Buildings, English Heritage, retrieved 22 April 2011 
  10. ↑ Hubbard 1986, pp. 122–27.
  11. ↑ Chirk Castle, Cadw, retrieved 7 November 2011 
  12. ↑ Hubbard 1986, p. 389.
  13. ↑ Parish Church of St Mary, Mold, Cadw, retrieved 7 November 2011 
  14. ↑ Hubbard 1986, pp. 441–442.
  15. ↑ St Asaph Bridge, Cadw, retrieved 7 November 2011 
  16. ↑ Hubbard 1986, p. 128.
  17. ↑ New Hall Gate to Chirk Park: North Lodge, Cadw, retrieved 7 November 2011 
  18. ↑ New Hall Gate to Chirk Park: South Lodge, Cadw, retrieved 7 November 2011 
  19. ↑ Hartwell et al. 2011, p. 432.
  20. ↑ English Heritage, "Screen, lodges and gates at Oulton Park (1138435)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 6 November 2011 
  21. ↑ Hubbard 1986, pp. 444–45.
  22. ↑ Point of Ayr Lighthouse, Cadw, retrieved 7 November 2011 
  23. ↑ Hubbard 1986, p. 241.
  24. ↑ Langtree & Comyns 2001, p. 131.
  25. ↑ English Heritage, "Number 10–28 and steps, railings and lamp holder, Nicholas Street, Chester (1376327)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 6 November 2011 
  26. ↑ Langtree & Comyns 2001, p. 132.
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 Hartwell et al. 2011, p. 254.
  28. ↑ English Heritage, "The Bridgegate, Chester (1376320)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 6 November 2011 
  29. ↑ Hubbard 1986, p. 349.
  30. ↑ Hubbard 1986, pp. 276–77.
  31. ↑ Ruthin Library, Cadw, retrieved 7 November 2011 
  32. ↑ Langtree & Comyns 2001, p. 133.
  33. ↑ English Heritage, "The Watergate, Chester (1376468)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 6 November 2011 
  34. ↑ Hartwell et al. 2011, p. 270.
  35. ↑ English Heritage, "Bridge of Sighs, Chester (1375967)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 6 November 2011 

Sources

  • Langtree, Stephen; Comyns, Alan, eds. (2001), 2000 Years of Building: Chester's Architectural Legacy, Chester: Chester Civic Trust, ISBN 0-9540152-0-7 
  • Hartwell, Clare; Hyde, Matthew; Hubbard, Edward; Pevsner, Nikolaus (2011) [1971], Cheshire, The Buildings of England, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-17043-6 
  • Hubbard, Edward (1986), Clwyd, The Buildings of Wales, London: Penguin, ISBN 0-14-071052-3 
  • Ward, Simon (2009), Chester: A History, Chichester: Phillimore, ISBN 978-1-86077-499-7 
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