Joseph Meir Weiss

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Joseph Meir Weiss (Weisz)[1] (Hebrew: יוסף מאיר ווייז‎), also known as the Imrei Yosef after his major work,[2] (March 15, 1838 – May 26, 1909)[3] was a Hungarian rabbi and founder of the Spinka Hasidic dynasty.[1][3]

Early life

Weiss was born in Munkacz, Hungary (now Mukachevo, Ukraine). His father, Rabbi Samuel Zevi (Shmuel Tzvi) Weiss,[4] was Av Beit Din of Munkacz, and his mother was the daughter of Tzvi Hirsch of Drohobycz, Hungary (now Drohobych, Ukraine).[3] Weiss attended the yeshiva of Rabbi Meir Eisenstaedter in Ungvar, Hungary (now Uzhhorod, Ukraine).[3]

When Meir Eisenstaedter died in 1852, Weiss continued his studies under Meir's son, Rabbi Menachem Eisenstaedter.[3] Weiss then studied at Rabbi Shmuel Smelke Klein of Hust, Hungary (now Khust, Ukraine), author of Tzeror HaChaim.[3] His foremost mentor of Hasidism was Rabbi Yitzchak Isaac Eichenstein of Ziditshov.[3] Eichenstein said of his student Weiss: I don't know why [Weiss] continues to visit us...He certainly does not need to acquire the fear of God from me."[3] Weiss was also influenced by Rabbis Chaim Halberstam of Sanz, Sholom Rokeach of Belz,[3] and Menachem Mendel Hager, the first Rebbe of Vizhnitz.[4]

In 1854, when Weiss was 16, his mother died.[3] That year, he married the daughter of Mordechai of Borşa (now Romania), but she died three years later.[3] Weiss married again and had two daughters, but his second wife died in 1868. In 1870, he married Perl, the daughter of Ezra Yaakov Basch of Săpânța (Yiddish: Spinka), Maramureş, Romania, near the Hungarian border.[3]

Rabbinate

In Munkacs, Weiss established a yeshiva with a high level of Talmudic studies that drew students from other countries.[5] Following the death of his mentor, the Rebbe of Zidichov, in June 1873, Weiss established his own Hasidic sect in his third wife's hometown of Spinka.[3]

Weiss was called a "miracle worker",[3] and attracted thousands of followers.[4] He was also known for his self-mortification and ecstatic prayers.[4] He prayed during festivals with the words from Musaf Amidah:

“ Bring together our scattered ones from among the nations and gather our dispersed from the uttermost parts of the earth. Lead us in triumph unto Zion thy City, and unto Jerusalem, and only then they will serve You with a perfect heart.[3] ”

Legacy

Weiss died in 1909 and in 1972, his remains were reinterred in Petah Tikva, Israel.[3]

Weiss was succeeded as Rebbe by his son, Rabbi Yitzchak Isaac Weiss (1875–1944).[1][2] When World War II broke out, Yitzchak Isaac moved the Spinka court to Munkacs. After a few years, the Rabbi in Munkacs asked him to move, as his presence was causing friction between their followers. He was given 100Gulden as compensation and subsequently moved his court to selish.[4] Yitzchak Isaac was murdered by the Nazis in the Auschwitz concentration camp, together with thirty one family members, in 1944.[3] After the war, Yitzchak Isaac's grandson, Jacob Joseph Weiss, re-established the dynasty in Jerusalem.[4] Other offshoots were established by descendants of Yosef Meir in Williamsburg, Boro Park, Flatbush, Queens, Kiryas Joel, London, Antwerp, and Bnei Brak.[citation needed]

Works

Weiss died in 1909. His writings, published posthumously, were:[4]

  • Imrei Yosef (1910–27) – a four-volume commentary on the Chumash
  • Imrei Yosef (1931) – sermons on the festivals and their customs
  • Hakdamat Likkutei Torah ve-ha-Shas (1911) – sermons and Hasidic teachings
  • Peirush la-Haggadah shel Pesach (1964) – a commentary on the Passover Haggadah
  • Tefillot u-Minhagim (1912) – a collection of prayers and customs

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Hellman, Peter (4 May 2010). "The Spinka Rebbe’s Namesake". The Jewish Week. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nadler, Allan (23 January 2008). "Righteous Indignation: How Are We To Understand the Alleged Spinka Scandal?". The Forward. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 Rabinowicz, Tzvi (2000). Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement and its Masters in the Holy Land. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 208–09. ISBN 978-0-7657-6068-5. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Antine, Nissan. "Spinka". bethsholom.org. Retrieved 2010-07-12. 
  5. ↑ Magocsi, Paul Robert. "Short History of Jews in Transcarpathia". kukuruz.ch. p. 2. Retrieved 2010-07-12. 
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