John Johnson (architect)
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John Johnson (22 April 1732 – 17 August 1814) was an English architect and Surveyor to the County of Essex. He is best known for designing the Shire Hall, Chelmsford.[1]
Life
Johnson was born in Leicester. He moved to London before his thirtieth birthday and in the late 1760s was engaged in speculative building on the Berners estate in Marylebone. For most of the rest of his life, he lived in one of the houses that he had built in Berners Street.[1]
In 1782, he succeeded William Hillyer as Surveyor to the County of Essex, a position that he held for thirty years, retiring at the age of 80. In 1785, he became a partner with Sir Herbert Mackworth and others in Dorsett and Co., a bank in Bond Street, but Mackworth left before 1792, the bank failed in 1797 and was wound up in 1803.[1][2] After this, Johnson moved from Berners Street to Camden Town, and on his retirement in 1812 returned to Leicester, where he died. He was buried in St Martin’s Church (now Leicester Cathedral) where he is commemorated on the base of a monument by John Bacon, originally erected in 1786 as a memorial to his parents.[1]
Works
Among Johnson's surviving works are:
Public buildings
- The Jockey Club's clubhouse, Newmarket (1771-2)
- The Shire Hall, Chelmsford (1789–91)
- The City Rooms (Leicester) (1799-1800)
- Ingrams Close, Felsted School[3] (1799-1802)
- Chelmsford Cathedral (rebuilt the nave, 1801-3)
- St Andrew's Church, Hornchurch (rebuilt the south aisle, 1802)
- County Hall, Lewes (1808–12), which became Lewes Crown Court and is now Lewes Combined Court Centre[4]
Country houses
- Castle Ashby (rebuilt the Great Hall, 1771-4)
- Terling Place, Essex (1772-c1780
- Woolverstone Hall, Suffolk (1776)
- Benhall Lodge, Benhall, Suffolk (1790) (only a fragment of this building remains as part of 'Old Lodge', as the house was totally rebuilt in the Regency period.
London
- Asia House, no. 63 (originally no. 9), New Cavendish Street, Marylebone (c1775-77)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Colvin, Howard (2008) [1954]. A Biographical Dictionary of English Architects 1660-1840 (4th ed.). New Haven and London: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-12508-5.
- ↑ F. G Hilton Price, A handbook of London bankers, 1876, p. 54
- ↑ Now the school's Health Centre
- ↑ Lewes Combined Court Centre