Johannes Palmberg

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Johannes Palmberg
Born c. 1640
Råby,  Sweden
Died 1691
Turinge, Sweden
Nationality Swedish
Fields Botany, Medicine
Alma mater Åbo Royal Academy
Known for Serta Florea Svecana (1684) – early Swedish textbook in botany

Johannes Palmberg (c.1640–1691) was a Swedish botanist, physician, and priest who in 1684 published the early Swedish textbook in botany, ’’Serta Florea Svecana’’ or ’’Swenske Örtekrantz’’, a flora with alphabetically arranged pictures of the 150 most common trees and herbs together with descriptions of their use for medical purposes.

Biography

Johannes Palmberg was born as one of 20 siblings at the rectory in Råby, Sweden, where his father Olof Bononis Palmberg was vicar.[1]

Family portrait in Tuna church, Sweden, showing Palmbergs siblings, mother and father

Studied medicine at The Royal Academy in Åbo between 1663 and 1668[2] under professor Daniel Achrelius while working as de facto town doctor in the municipality. Appointed lecturer in medicine and physicae at Strängnäs gymnasium 1674 after a nomination battle finally settled by King Charles XI. Ordained priest in the Church of Sweden 1676. Headmaster at Strängnäs gymnasium 1678 and 1684.[3] Published in 1684 under Royal Privilege the textbook in botany Serta Florea Svecana also called Swenske Örtekrantz. 1688 appointed Rector in Turinge Parish, Sweden, proposed by Count Erik Dahlbergh. He died in Turinge, in his fifties.

Scientist

Palmberg published in 1671 a dissertation in Latin on scurvy – Exercitatiomedica brevissimam Scorbuti delineationem exhibeus. However, it was his floral textbook – Serta Florea Svecana or Swenske Örtekrantz – that has contributed the most to life sciences. It was used in Sweden as textbook in botany during sixty years before replaced by Carl von Linnés Flora Svecica in 1745 and was the source of Carl Linnaeus early botanical understanding.[4] Örtekrantzen was published in three editions, the most recent as late as 1738.

From Serta Florea Svecana – Absinthium

Public educator

Palmberg was also an early public educator and published a number of popular scientific essays in the Swedish language which were included in the almanacs of 1670–1672 with medical advice based on Hippocratic medicine. The therapeutic use of herbs such as camille flowers, ginger, valeriana, wormwood and vervain is described as well as blood-letting, purging and cupping therapy. In these essays Palmberg strongly advocated against quackery and the use of astrology for medical divination.[5]

Publications

  • Serta Florea Svecana or Swenske Örtekrantz (1684).
  • Exercitatiomedica brevissimam Scorbuti delineationem exhibeus (1671)
  • Sundheetzskötsel för gemeent folk – popular scientific essay published in 1670 on diagnostics and treatment of common diseases.
  • Johannis Palmbergs Sundheetzskötzels Continuation popular scientific essay published 1671 on the use of blood-letting.
  • Johannis Palmbergs Sundheetzskötzels Continuation : on what to keep in a domestic pharmacy and how to maintain health if physicians are not available (1672)

References

Bibliography

  • Vilhelm Djurberg,[6] En svensk medicinsk folkskriftsförfattare på 1600-talet, HYGIEA, part LXII (1900).
  • Vilhelm Djurberg, En svensk medicinsk folkskriftsförfattare på 1600-talet. Tillägg HYGIEA, part LXVIII (1906).
  • Oscar Nycander, Personhistorisk tidskrift, part 2 (1906).
  • Herman Hofberg, (1906) http://runeberg.org/sbh/b0261.html

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Johannes Olai Palmberg, http://www.nad.riksarkivet.se/sbl/Presentation.aspx?id=7968, Dictionary of Swedish National Biography urn:sbl:7968 (Per-Gunnar Ottosson)
  2. ↑ http://www.helsinki.fi/ylioppilasmatrikkeli/henkilo.php?id=1654
  3. ↑ Hagström, K.A., Strengnäs Stifts Herdaminnen, (1899) part 3, pp. 408–411
    Chapter on Johannes Palmberg from a book published in 1899 on priests in the diocese of Strengnäs, Sweden
  4. ↑ Carl von Linnés betydelse såsom naturforskare och läkare : skildringar utgifna af Kungl. Vetenskapsakademien i anledning af tvåhundraårsdagen af Linnés födelse|http://runeberg.org/linne200ar/linnebotan/0007.html
  5. ↑ Vilhelm Djurberg, HYGIEA, Band LXII (1900)
  6. ↑ http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fredrik_Vilhelm_Djurberg
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