Johann Schober

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Johann Schober

3rd Chancellor of Austria
In office 21 June 1921 – 26 January 1922
President	Michael Hainisch
Deputy	Walter Breisky
Preceded by	Michael Mayr
Succeeded by	Walter Breisky (acting)
5th Chancellor of Austria
In office 27 January 1922 – 31 May 1922
President	Michael Hainisch
Deputy	Walter Breisky
Preceded by	Walter Breisky (acting)
Succeeded by	Ignaz Seipel
10th Chancellor of Austria
In office 26 September 1929 – 30 September 1930
President	Wilhelm Miklas
Deputy	Carl Vaugoin
Preceded by	Ernst Streeruwitz
Succeeded by	Carl Vaugoin
Personal details
Born	(1874-11-14)14 November 1874 Perg, Upper Austria
Died	19 August 1932(1932-08-19) (aged 57) Baden bei Wien, Lower Austria
Political party	Non-partisan
Alma mater	University of Vienna
Profession	Public official

Johann Schober (14 November 1874 – 19 August 1932) was an Austrian police official who served three times as Chancellor of Austria (his initial term being interrupted by two days in office for Walter Breisky).

Early career

Schober served with the Austrian police becoming President in 1918 immediately prior to the fall of the Habsburg Monarchy. Schober maintained loyalty to Austria after the breakup of Austria-Hungary but also ensured a safe passage for the royal family out of the country, winning praise for his moderation and his role in a smooth transfer of power into the bargain.^[1]

Largely considered a safe pair of hands by the Allies, he was chosen to head a coalition government in 1921 with the support of the Christian Social Party and the Greater German People's Party.^[1] Combining his head of government role with that of Foreign Minister of Austria, he concluded the Treaty of Lány with Czechoslovakia, although this brought about the downfall of his government as the Pan-Germans saw agreements with Czechoslovakia as a bar to a future union with Germany.^[1]

Interpol

Schober gained international recognition for his work in police administration, becoming known as the "Father of Interpol". In his role as President of the Police in Vienna, Schober convened, in 1923, the second International Criminal Police Congress in his home city, attracting representative from nineteen different countries to the event. At the meeting it was agreed that the participants should set up a body to be known as the International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC), draw up a ten article constitution for the body and continue working towards the aims set down at the first congress that had been held in Monaco in 1914. Austria had offered to both host and finance the event and so Vienna was chosen as the congress site, whilst Austria's police enjoyed a strong reputation for their work on keeping records on international criminals at that time. Schober was chosen as President of the Executive Committee whilst his countryman Dr Oskar Dressler, a noted lawyer and at the time the Austrian Federal Police chief, became Secretary to the International Police Congress.^[2]

July Revolt

With his governing coalition ended Schober returned to his role as President of police, although his reputation for moderation was hit hard in July 1927 when his orders resulted in the deaths of almost 100 labour protestors in Vienna.^[1] The noted satirist Karl Kraus was so incensed by the police actions that he started a poster campaign calling for Schober's resignation.^[3]

Chancellor

Schober returned as Chancellor-Foreign Minister from September 1929 to September 1930 and then Vice-Chancellor-Foreign Minister from December 1930 to January 1932, successively serving Carl Vaugoin, Otto Ender and Karl Buresch. In March 1931 he agreed a Customs union with Germany, although pressure from France and Czechoslovakia saw the plan vetoed.^[1]

References

↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Profile on Rulers
↑ Brief History of Interpol
↑ Edward Timms, Karl Kraus, Apocalyptic Satirist: The Postwar Crisis and the Rise of the Swastika, 2005

External links

Johann Schober, Haager Konferenz Video on YouTube

Political offices
Preceded by Michael Mayr	Chancellor of Austria & Foreign Minister 1921-1922	Succeeded by Walter Breisky (acting)
Preceded by Walter Breisky (acting)	Chancellor of Austria & Foreign Minister 1922	Succeeded by Ignaz Seipel
Preceded by Ernst Streeruwitz	Chancellor of Austria & Foreign Minister 1930-1931	Succeeded by Carl Vaugoin
Preceded by None	President of Interpol 1923-1932	Succeeded by Franz Brandl

v t e Chancellors of Austria

First Republic	Karl Renner Michael Mayr Johann Schober Walter Breisky Johann Schober Ignaz Seipel Rudolf Ramek Ignaz Seipel Ernst Streeruwitz Johann Schober Carl Vaugoin Otto Ender Karl Buresch Engelbert Dollfuss Kurt Schuschnigg Arthur Seyss-Inquart

Second Republic	Karl Renner Leopold Figl Julius Raab Alfons Gorbach Josef Klaus Bruno Kreisky Fred Sinowatz Franz Vranitzky Viktor Klima Wolfgang Schüssel Alfred Gusenbauer Werner Faymann

v t e Vice-Chancellors of Austria

First Republic	Jodok Fink Ferdinand Hanusch Eduard Heinl Walter Breisky Felix Frank Leopold Waber Franz Dinghofer Karl Hartleb Vinzenz Schumy Carl Vaugoin Richard Schmitz Johann Schober Franz Winkler Emil Fey Ernst Rüdiger Starhemberg Eduard Baar-Baarenfels Ludwig Hülgerth Edmund Glaise-Horstenau

Second Republic	Adolf Schärf Bruno Pittermann Fritz Bock Hermann Withalm Rudolf Häuser Hannes Androsch Fred Sinowatz Norbert Steger Alois Mock Josef Riegler Erhard Busek Wolfgang Schüssel Susanne Riess-Passer Herbert Haupt Hubert Gorbach Wilhelm Molterer Josef Pröll Michael Spindelegger

Authority control	WorldCat VIAF: 57410302 LCCN: n86002955 ISNI: 0000 0000 5535 3568 GND: 118758802 NKC: jn20030305013

Persondata
Name	Schober, Johann
Alternative names
Short description	Austrian politician
Date of birth	14 November 1874
Place of birth
Date of death	19 August 1932
Place of death

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