Joan Wallach Scott

Joan Wallach Scott (born December 18, 1941) is an American historian of France with contributions in gender history and intellectual history. She is currently the Harold F. Linder Professor at the School of Social Science in the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey.

Among her most notable publications was the article "Gender: A Useful Category of Historical Analysis", published in 1986 in the American Historical Review. This article, "undoubtedly one of the most widely read and cited articles in the journal's history",^[1] was germinal in the formation of a field of gender history within the Anglo-American historical profession.^[2]

Personal life

Joan Scott was born Joan Wallach in Brooklyn, New York, the daughter of Lottie (née Tannenbaum) and Sam Wallach, high school teachers.^[3][4] She is also the niece of actor Eli Wallach (her father's brother). Her family was Jewish, and her father was born in Dolina, Poland.^[5] She graduated from Brandeis in 1962 and received her PhD from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1969. Before coming to the Institute for Advanced Study, Scott taught in history departments at the University of Illinois at Chicago, Northwestern University, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Brown University. At Brown University she was founding director of the Pembroke Center for Teaching and Research on Women, and the Nancy Duke Lewis University Professor and professor of history. She serves on the editorial boards of Signs, Differences, History and Theory and, since January 2006, the Journal of Modern History. In 2010, she helped to found History of the Present: A Journal of Critical History.^[6]

Scott has also played a major role in the American Association of University Professors (AAUP)^[7] as the chair of its Committee on Academic Freedom and Tenure.^[8]

Work

Scott's work has challenged the foundations of conventional historical practice, including the nature of historical evidence and historical experience and the role of narrative in the writing of history. Drawing on a range of philosophical thought, as well as on a rethinking of her own training as a labor historian, she has contributed to a transformation of the field of intellectual history.^[9] Her current work focuses on the vexed relationship of the particularity of gender to the universalizing force of democratic politics.^[10]

In addition to her article cited above, Scott has published several books, which are widely reprinted and have been translated into several languages, including French, Japanese, Portuguese, and Korean. Her publications include The Glassworkers of Carmaux: French Craftsmen and Political Action in a Nineteenth Century City (Harvard University Press, 1974); Women, Work and Family (coauthored with Louise Tilly) (Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1978); Gender and the Politics of History (Columbia University Press, 1988); Only Paradoxes to Offer: French Feminists and the Rights of Man (Harvard University Press, 1996); Parité: Sexual Difference and the Crisis of French Universalism (University of Chicago Press, 2005) and "The Politics of the Veil" (Princeton University Press, 2007). Scott has also edited numerous other books and published countless articles. She is also one of the founding editors of the journal History of the Present.

Awards and honors

She has received various awards, accolades, and honorary degrees for her work, including the American Historical Association's Herbert Baxter Adams Prize, the Joan Kelly Memorial Prize, the Hans Sigrist Award for Outstanding Research in Gender Studies, and the Nancy Lyman Roelker Prize of the AHA for graduate mentorship. She holds honorary degrees from Brown University, SUNY Stony Brook, The University of Bergen (Norway), Harvard University,^[11] and Princeton University.^[12]

Students

Scott's influence within the Academy has been extensive. She has played an influential role in establishing the careers of a number of prominent academics, winning the prestigious Nancy Lyman Roelker Mentorship Award in 1995.^[13] Among the students who completed their dissertations under Scott's supervision are Leora Auslander at the University of Chicago, Mary Louise Roberts at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, and Dagmar Herzog at the City University of New York. The Pembroke Center for Teaching and Research on Women at Brown University annually awards the Joan Wallach Scott Prize for an outstanding honors thesis in Gender and Sexuality Studies.^[14]

Family

Previously married to Donald Scott, a professor of American history at CUNY, she is the mother of A. O. Scott, a film critic for the New York Times, and the artist Lizzie Scott. She is the niece of actor Eli Wallach (her father was Eli's brother).^[15]

Bibliography

Books

• The Glassworkers of Carmaux: French Craftsmen and Political Action in a Nineteenth Century City. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1974; French translation, Flammarion, 1982.
• Women, Work and Family (coauthored with Louise Tilly). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1978; Routledge, 1987; Italian translation, 1981; French translation, 1987; Korean translation, 2008.
• Gender and the Politics of History. New York: Columbia University Press, 1988; Revised edition, 1999. Japanese translation, Heibonsha 1992; Spanish translation, Fondo de Cultura Economica, 2008.
• Only Paradoxes to Offer: French Feminists and the Rights of Man. Harvard University Press, 1996; French translation: Albin Michel, 1998; Portuguese translation: Editora Mulheres 2002; Korean translation, Sang Sanchi 2006.
• Parité: Sexual Equality and the Crisis of French Universalism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005. French translation: Albin Michel, 2005. Korean translation: Ingansarang, 2009.
• The Politics of the Veil. Princeton University Press, 2007. Bulgarian translation 2008; Arabic translation, Toubkal, 2009; Turkish translation, Tabur, 2012.
• Théorie Critique de l'Histoire: Identités, expériences, politiques. Fayard, 2009. Edited: Western Societies: A Documentary History (edited, with Brian Tierney), 2 vols. New York: Alfred Knopf, 1983; 2nd edition, 1999.
• Learning about Women: Gender, Power and Politics (edited with Jill Conway and Susan Bourque). University of Michigan Press, 1987.
• Feminists Theorize the Political (edited with Judith Butler). New York, Routledge, 1992.
• Alper, Benedict S. Love and Politics in Wartime: Letters to my Wife, 1943-5. University of Illinois Press, 1992.
• The Mythmaking Frame of Mind: Social Imagination and American Culture (edited with James Gilbert, Amy Gilman, and Donald Scott). San Francisco, Wadsworth, 1992.
• Feminism and History (A volume in the Oxford series, Readings in Feminism). Oxford University Press, 1996.
• Transitions, Environments, Translations: Feminisms in International Politics (edited with Cora Kaplan and Debra Keates). Routledge, 1997.
• Schools of Thought: Twenty-five Years of Interpretive Social Science (edited with Debra Keates). Princeton University Press, 2001.
• Going Public: Feminism and the Shifting Boundaries of the Private Sphere (edited with Debra Keates). Champaign IL: University of Illinois Press, 2004.
• Women's Studies on the Edge. Durham, Duke University Press, 2009. II.
• The Fantasy of Feminist History. Durham, Duke University Press, 2011.

Articles

• "The Glassworkers of Carmaux", in S. Thernstrom and R. Sennett (eds), Nineteenth Century Cities: Essays in the New Urban History (Yale University Press, 1969), pp. 3–48.
• "Les Verriers de Carmaux, 1865-1900," Le Mouvement Social 76 (1971), pp. 67–93.
• "Women's Work and the Family in 19th Century Europe" (coauthored with Louise Tilly), in C. Rosenberg (ed.), The Family in History (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1975), pp. 145–178.
• "Labor History in the United States since the 1960's," Le Mouvement Social, No. 100 (July 1977), pp. 121–131.
• Recent U.S. Scholarship on the History of Women (coauthored with B. Sicherman, W. Monter, K. Sklar). American Historical Association, 1980.
• "Social History and the History of Socialism: French Socialist Municipalities in the 1890's," Le Mouvement Social 111 (Spring 1980), pp. 145–153.
• "Political Shoemakers," (coauthored with Eric Hobsbawm) Past and Present 89 (November 1980), pp. 86–114.
• "Dix Ans de l'histoire des femmes aux états-unis," Le Débat 19 (1981), pp. 127–132 (translated into Spanish for publication in Débat, 1984).
• "Politics and the Profession: Women Historians in the 1980's," Women's Studies Quarterly 9:3 (Fall 1981).
• "Mayors versus Police Chiefs: Socialist Municipalities Confront the French State," in John Merriman, ed., French Cities in the Nineteenth Century (London: Hutchinson, 1982), pp. 230–45.
• "Popular Theater and Socialism in Late Nineteenth Century France," in Seymour Drescher, David Sabean, and Allen Sharlin (eds)., Political Symbolism in Modern Europe: Essays in Honor of George L. Mosse (New Brunswick: Transaction Books 1982), pp. 197–215.
• "The Mechanization of Women's Work," Scientific American 247:3 (September 1982), pp. 166–87.
• "Women's History: The Modern Period," Past and Present 101 (November 1983), pp. 141–57.
• "Men and Women in the Parisian Garment Trades: Discussions of Family and Work in the 1830's and 40's," R. Floud, G. Crossick and P. Thane (eds), The Power of the Past: Essays in Honor of Eric Hobsbawm (Cambridge University Press, 1984), pp. 67–94.
• "Statistical Representations of Work: The Chamber of Commerce's Statistique de l'Industrie à Paris, 1847-48," in Stephen Kaplan, ed., Work in 18th and 19th Century France (Cornell University Press, 1986), pp. 335–363.
• "Women's History as Women's Education: Representations of Sexuality and Women's Colleges in America," (Smith College, Northampton, Mass., 1986).
• "Gender: A Useful Category of Historical Analysis," American Historical Review 91, No. 5 (December 1986), pp. 1053–75 (French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Bulgarian, Estonian, and Polish translations).
• "On Language, Gender, and Working Class History," International Labor and Working Class History 31(Spring 1987), pp. 1–13 and "Reply to Critics of This Piece," 32 (Fall 1987), pp. 39–45 (Spanish and Swedish translations).
• "'L'Ouvrière! Mot Impie, Sordide...' Women Workers in the Discourse of French Political Economy (1840-1860)," in Patrick Joyce, ed., The Historical Meanings of Work. (Cambridge University Press, 1987), pp. 119–42. French translation in Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales 83 (June 1990), pp. 2–15.
• "Rewriting History," in Margaret Higonnet, et al. (eds), Behind the Lines: Gender and the Two World Wars (Yale University Press, 1987), pp. 19–30.
• "History and Difference," Daedalus (Fall 1987), pp. 93–118. "Deconstructing Equality-versus-Difference: Or, the Uses of Poststructuralist Theory for Feminism," Feminist Studies (Spring 1988), pp. 33–50.
• "The Problem of Invisibility," in S. Jay Kleinberg, ed., Retrieving Women's History: Changing Perceptions of the Role of Women in Politics and Society (London and Paris: Berg/Unesco 1988), pp. 5–29.
• "History in Crisis? The Others' Side of the Story," American Historical Review 94 (June 1989), pp. 680–692.
• "Interview with Joan Scott," Radical History Review 45 (1989), pp. 41–59.
• "French Feminists and the Rights of 'Man': Olympe de Gouges' Declarations," History Workshop No. 28 (Autumn 1989), pp. 1–21.
• "A Woman Who Has Only Paradoxes to Offer: Olympe de Gouges Claims Rights for Women," in Sara E. Melzer and Leslie W. Rabine (eds), Rebel Daughters: Women and the French Revolution (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992), pp. 102–20.
• "Women's History," in Peter Burke (ed.), New Perspectives on Historical Writing, (London: Polity Press, 1991), pp. 42–66.
• "Rethinking the History of Women's Work," chapter for Vol. IV of Storia della Donne, edited by Michelle Perrot and Georges Duby (Rome, Laterza, 1990; Paris, Plon, 1991; Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1993), pp. 773–797.
• "The Evidence of Experience," Critical Inquiry (Summer 1991); reprinted in various collections of essays, and in Questions of Evidence: Proof, Practice, and Persuasion across the Disciplines, edited by James Chandler, Arnold I. Davidson, and Harry Harootunian (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994), pp. 363–387. Spanish translation 2001.
• "Liberal Historians: A Unitary Vision," Chronicle of Higher Education, September 11, 1991, pp. B1-2.
• "The Campaign Against Political Correctness: What's Really at Stake?" Change (November/December 1991), pp. 30–43; reprinted in Radical History Review, 1992, pp. 59–79; also in various collections of essays.
• "Multiculturalism and the Politics of Identity," October 61 (Summer 1992), pp. 12–19; reprinted in John Rajchman (ed.), The Identity in Question (New York: Routledge, 1995), pp. 3–12.
• "The New University: Beyond Political Correctness," Boston Review (March/April 1992), pp. 29–31.
• "The Rhetoric of Crisis in Higher Education," in Higher Education Under Fire: Politics, Economics, and the Crisis of the Humanities, edited by Michael Bérubé and Cary Nelson (Routledge, 1995), pp. 293–334.
• "Academic Freedom as an Ethical Practice," in Louis Menand (ed.), The Future of Academic Freedom (University of Chicago Press, 1996), pp. 163–180.
• "Forum: Raymond Martin, Joan W. Scott, and Cushing Strout on 'Telling the Truth About History,'" History and Theory, Vol. 34 (1995), pp. 329–334.
• "Vive la différence!" Le Débat, November–December 1995, pp. 134–139. "After History?", Common Knowledge, Vol. 5, No. 3 (Winter 1996), pp. 9–26.
• "'La Querelle des Femmes' in Late Twentieth Century France," New Left Review November/December 1997, pp. 3–19 (French translation: Parité-infos, #19, Sept. 1997).
• "Border Patrol," contribution to "Forum" A Crisis in History? On Gérard Noiriel's Sur la Crise de l'Histoire," French Historical Studies 21:3 (Summer 1998), pp. 383-397.
• "Some Reflections on Gender and Politics," in Myra Marx Ferree, Judith Lorber, and Beth B. Hess (eds), Revisioning Gender (Sage Publications, 1999), pp. 70–96.
• "Entretien avec Joan Scott," Mouvements: Sociétés, politique, culture no. 2 (Jan- Fev 1999), pp. 101–112.
• "La Traduction Infidèle," Vacarme, No. 19 (1999).
• "Feminist Family Politics," French Politics, Culture and Society 17:3-4 (Summer/Fall 1999), pp. 20–30.
• "The 'Class' We Have Lost," International Labor & Working-Class History, no. 57 (Spring 2000), pp. 69–75.
• "Fantasy Echo: History and the Construction of Identity," Critical Inquiry 27 (Winter 2001), pp. 284–304 (German translation: "Phantasie und Erfahrung," Feministische Studien Vol. 2, 2001).
• "Les 'guerres académiques' aux Etats-Unis," in L'Université en questions: marché des saviors, nouvelle agora, tour d'ivoire?, edited by Julie Allard, Guy Haarscher, and Maria Puig de la Bellacasa (Brussels: Editions Labor, 2001).
• "Faculty Governance," Academe July–August 2002, pp. 41–48.
• "French Universalism in the 90's," differences 15.2 (2004), pp. 32–53.
• "Feminism's History," Journal of Women's History 16.1 (2005), pp. 10–29.
• "Symptomatic Politics: The Banning of Islamic Head Scarves in French Public Schools," French Politics, Culture and Society 23:3 (Fall 2005), pp. 106–27.
• "Against Eclecticism," differences 16.3 (Fall 2005), pp. 114–37. "History-writing as Critique", Keith Jenkins, et al. (eds), Manifestos for History (London: Routledge, 2007), 19-38.
• "Back to the Future," History and Theory 47:2 (2008) pp. 279–84.
• "Unanswered Questions," contribution to AHR Forum, " "Revisiting 'Gender: A Useful Category of Historical Analysis'," American Historical Review 113:5 (Dec. 2008), pp. 1422–30.
• "Finding Critical History," in James Banner and John Gillis (eds), Becoming Historians (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2009), pp. 26–53.
• "Knowledge, Power, and Academic Freedom," Social Research (Summer 2009).
• "Gender: Still a Useful Category of Analysis?" Diogenes, Vol. 57, No. 225 (2010).
• "Storytelling," History and Theory (Spring 2011).

References

External links

• Joan Scott interview on Counterpoint Radio with Marcus W. Orr Center for the Humanities at the University of Memphis.
• Joan Scott's CV
• Pembroke Center News
• France's Battle Against the Burqa May 21, 2010.
• Joan Scott's faculty web page at the Institute for Advanced Study
• Joan Scott's biography at the Stanford Presidential Lectures site
• Interview with Joan Scott on BigThink.com
• Interview with Joan Scott at UC Berkeley on Conversations with History
• The History of the Present.