Jinan dialect

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Jinan dialect
濟南話
Native to	Urban Jinan in the People's Republic of China
Region	Northeastern China
Native speakers	(no estimate available)
Language family	Sino-Tibetan Chinese Mandarin Ji-Lu Mandarin Jinan dialect
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–

Jinan dialect (simplified Chinese: 济南话; traditional Chinese: 濟南話; pinyin: jǐnánhuà) is a dialect of the Mandarin language family, which in turn constitutes one of the Sinitic language families. It is spoken in Jinan in Shandong province.

Phonetics and Phonology

Consonants of the Jinan dialect
		bilabial	labio-dental	alveolar	alveolo-palatal	retroflex	velar
nasal		m		n	ɲ		ŋ
plosives	voiceless unaspirated	p		t			k
plosives	voiceless aspirated	pʰ		tʰ			kʰ
fricatives	voiced					ʐ
fricatives	voiceless		f	s	ɕ	ʂ	x
affricates	voiceless unaspirated			ts	tɕ	tʂ
affricates	voiceless aspirated			tsʰ	tɕʰ	tʂʰ
lateral approximants				l

Tone chart of the Jinan dialect
Tone number	Tone name	Tone contour	Description
1	yin ping (陰平)	˨˩˧ (213)	dipping
2	yang ping (陽平)	˥ (5)	high
3	shang sheng (上聲)	˨˦ (24)	rising
4	qu sheng (去聲)	˨˩ (21)	low

Běijīng dàxué zhōngguóyǔyánwénxuéxì yǔyánxué jiàoyánshì. (1989) Hànyǔ fāngyīn zìhuì. Běijīng: Wénzìgǎigé chūbǎnshè.(北京大學中國語言文學系語言學教研室. 1989. 漢語方音字匯. 北京: 文字改革出版社)
Norman, Jerry. [1988] (2002). Chinese. Cambridge, England: CUP ISBN 0-521-29653-6
Yuán, jiāhuá (1989). Hànyǔ fāngyán gàiyào (An introduction to Chinese dialects). Beijing, China: Wénzì gǎigé chūbǎnshè. (袁家驊. 1989. 漢語方言概要. 北京:文字改革出版社.)

Min Dong	Fuzhou Manjiang

Min Nan	Hokkien Quanzhou Zhangzhou Amoy Taiwanese Philippine Hokkien Medan Singaporean Hokkien Southern Peninsular Malaysian Hokkien Zhenan Longyan Teochew Shantou Haifeng Zhongshan Nanlang Sanxiang

other Min	Min Bei Jian'ou Min Zhong Pu-Xian Shao-Jiang Leizhou Zhanjiang Hainan

Disputed

Unclassified

Phonology

Official	Classical Adoption in Korea Japan Vietnam Vernacular Pinyin Bopomofo

Standards	Simplified Traditional

Historical scripts	Oracle bone Bronze Seal Clerical Semi-cursive Cursive

Braille	Cantonese Braille Mainland Chinese Braille Taiwanese Braille Two-Cell Chinese Braille

Other	Written Cantonese Written Dungan Written Hokkien Written Sichuanese Xiao'erjing Nüshu Wade–Giles Chinese punctuation Romanization of Chinese

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